Chapter 16. The Description of the Prayer
I: The obligation to say the takbir and the beginning of the prayer
699. It is related from Anas ibn Malik al-Ansari, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, rode a horse and his right side was grazed." Anas said, "On that day he did one of the prayers sitting down, and we prayed behind him sitting down. When he had said the taslim, he said, 'The Imam is appointed to be followed. If he prays standing, then pray standing, and when he goes into ruku', go into ruku', and when he rises, rise, and when he prostrates, prostrate, and when he says, "Allah hears whoever praises him," say, "Our Lord, praise belongs to you."
700. As 699 but with "When he says the takbir, say the takbir and when he goes into sajda, you go into sajda."
701. As 699 from "The Imam was made..." and at the end, "When he prays sitting down, then all pray sitting down."
II: Raising both hands when saying the first takbir at the very beginning of the prayer
702. It is related from Salim ibn 'Abdullah from his father that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to raise his hands level with his shoulders when he began the prayer and when he said the takbir for ruku'. When he raised his head from ruku', he also raised them like that and said, "Allah hears whoever praises him. Our Lord, all praise belongs to you." He did not do that in sujud.
III: Raising the hands when saying the takbir, when bowing and when raising the head
703. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "I used to see that when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up to pray he would raise his hands level with his shoulders. He would also do that when he said the takbir for ruku' and when he raised his head from ruku' as he said, 'Allah hears whoever praises him.' He did not do it in sajda."
704. It is related that Abu Qilaba saw Malik ibn al-Huwayrith praying - he said the takbir and raised his hands. When he went to do ruku' he raised his hands. When he raised his head from ruku', he raised his hands. He related that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had done the same as that.
IV: Up to what height should the hands be raised?
Abu Humayd said to his companions, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his hands up to the level of his shoulders."
705. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, begin the prayer with the takbir. As he said the takbir, he raised his hands until they were level with his shoulders. When he did the takbir for ruku', he did the same. When he said, 'Allah hears whoever praises him,' he did the same and said, 'Our Lord, all praise belongs to you.' He did not do it when he went into sajda nor when he raised his head from sajda."
V: Raising the hands when coming up after the first two rak'ats
706. It is related from Nafi' that when Ibn 'Umar began the prayer, he said the takbir and raised his hands. When he did ruku', he raised his hands. When he said, "Allah hears whoever praises him," he raised his hands. When he got up after two rak'ats, he raised his hands. Ibn 'Umar referred that right back up to the Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
Another isnad to Ibn 'Umar.
A shortened version is related from Ayyub and Musa ibn 'Uqba.
VI: Placing the right hand over the left
707. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "The people were told that each man should should place his right hand over his left forearm in the prayer." (Abu Hazim said, "I only know that that went back to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.) (Isma'il said, "Yunma" and did not say "yanmi".)
VII: Humility in the prayer
708. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "You see me facing forward here but, by Allah, your ruku' and humility is not hidden from me. I can see you behind my back."
709. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do your ruku' and sajda correctly for, by Allah, I can see you behind me (or he might have said - behind my back) when you do ruku' and go into sajda."
VIII: What should be said after the takbir
710. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, Abu Bakr and 'Umar used to open the prayer with, 'Praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.' "
711. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used pause in silence between the takbir and the recitation (I think he said it was a short pause). I said, 'By my father and mother, Messenger of Allah, what do you say when you are silent between the takbir and the recitation?' He said, 'I say, "O Allah, put as great a distance between me and my wrong actions as You have put between the east and the west. O Allah, cleanse me of wrong actions as a white garment is cleansed of dirt. O Allah, wash away my wrong actions with water, snow and hail."'"
712. It is related from Asma' bint Abi Bakr that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed the Eclipse prayer and stood, staying standing for a long time. Then he went into ruku', making the ruku' long. Then he stood back up, staying standing for a long time. Then he went into ruku', making the ruku' long. Then he stood up again and went into sajda, making the sajda long. Then he sat back and went into sajda again, making the sajda long. Then he stood up and stayed standing for a long time. Then he went into ruku', making the ruku' long. Then he stood back up, staying standing for a long time. Then he went into ruku', making the ruku' long. Then he stood back up and went into sajda, making the sajda long. Then he sat back up and then he went into sajda, making the sajda long. Then he ended the prayer and said, "The Garden drew so close to me that if I had dared to do so, I could have picked one of its bunches for you. And the Fire also drew so close to me that I said, 'O Lord, am I going to be one of them?' Suddenly there was a woman there (I think that he said a cat was mauling her). I said, 'What is happening to her?' They said, 'She shut the cat up until it died of hunger. She did not feed it nor let it loose to eat by itself.'" (Nafi' said, "I think that he said, 'Eat grass or herbs.'")
IX: Raising the eyes to look at the Imam during the prayer
'A'isha said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said about the Eclipse Prayer, "I saw Jahannam, one part of it crashing against the other. That was when you saw me stepping back."
713. It is related that Abu Ma'mar said, "We said to Khabbab, 'Did the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, use to recite in Dhuhr and 'Asr?' He said, 'Yes.' We said, 'How do you know that?' He said, 'By the movement of his beard.'"
714. It is related from al-Bara' (and al-Bara' was not a liar) that when they prayed with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he raised his head from ruku', they remained standing until they saw him go into sajda.
715. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said, "There was an eclipse of the sun in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he prayed. They said, 'Messenger of Allah, we saw you reach out for something while you were standing here and then we saw you step back.' He said, 'I saw the Garden and I reached out for a bunch of grapes from it, and if I had taken it, you would have been able to eat from it as long this world lasts.' "
716. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in the prayer and then ascended the minbar, pointing with both hands towards the mosque qibla. Then he said, 'Just now as I was praying, I saw the Garden and the Fire displayed on this qibla wall. I have never seen any good or evil like today' three times."
X: Raising ones eyes towards heaven in the prayer
717. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Why on earth do some people raise their eyes towards heaven during their prayer?' His words on this subject grew stronger until he finally said, 'They should stop doing it or their eyesight will be taken away.' "
XI: Looking around in the prayer
718. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about looking around in the prayer and he said, 'It is one of Shaytan's ways of making off with people's prayers.' "
719. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed wearing a khamisa (blanket) which had a design on it and said, "The design on this distracted me. Take it to Abu Jahm and bring me an inbijaniya (a plain garment)."
XII: Is it permitted to look round in the prayer if something happens or if you see something such as spittle in the qibla
Sahl said, "Abu Bakr looked round and saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."
720. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw some phlegm in the qibla of the mosque while he was leading the people in the prayer and scraped it off. Then, when he finished the prayer, he said, "When anyone does the prayer, Allah is in front of him, so none of you should spit in front of you during the prayer."
This is related from Nafi'.
721. It is related that Anas said, "While the Muslims were doing the Fajr prayer, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, suddenly appeared before them, lifting the curtain of 'A'isha's room. He saw them standing in rows and smiled joyfully. Abu Bakr fell back to the first row, thinking that he wanted to come out and the Muslims were put to the test, being about to abandon the prayer, but he indicated to them, 'Complete your prayer.' He let the curtain drop and it was at the end of that day that he died."
XIII: The obligation for both the Imam and those following to recite in all the prayers, whether resident or travelling, whether it is out loud or silent.
722. It is related that Jabir ibn Samura said, "The people of Kufa complained about Sa'd to 'Umar and he dismissed him and appointed 'Ammar over them. One of their complaints was that he did not do the prayer correctly. 'Umar sent to him and said, 'Abu Ishaq! These people claim that you do not do the prayer correctly.' Abu Ishaq said, 'By Allah, I prayed with them the prayer of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, without diminishing it. When I prayed 'Isha' I made the first two rak'ats long and the last two short.' 'Umar said, 'That is what one would have expected of you, Abu Ishaq.' He sent a couple men with him to Kufa to ask the people of Kufa about him and they asked about him in every mosque they visited. Everyone praised his correctness until they came to the mosque of the Banu 'Abs. One of their men called Usama ibn Qatada with the kunya of Abu Sa'da, stood up and said, 'Since you ask us under oath, Sa'd did not himself go out on military expeditions, he did not divide the booty equally nor was he just in giving judgement.' Sa'd said, 'By Allah, I pray for three things. O Allah, if this slave of Yours is a liar, and has got up just to show off, then make him live long, be poor long and expose him to trials.' After that whenever he was asked, the man would say, 'I am an old man tested and afflicted by the prayer of Sa'd.'"
'Abdu'l-Malik said, "I saw him later and his eyebrows were hanging over his eyes due to old age. He would accost young girls in the streets and pinch them."
723. It is related from 'Ubada ibn as-Samit that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is no prayer for anyone who does not recite the Fatiha of the Book."
724. It is related from Abu Hurayra, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered the mosque and a man entered and prayed. He greeted the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who returned the greeting and said, 'Go and back and pray. You have not prayed.' He went back and prayed as he had prayed before. Then he came and greeted the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,who said three times, 'Go back and pray for you have not prayed.' He said, 'By the One who sent you with the truth, I cannot do any better than that, so teach me.' He said, 'When you stand for the prayer, say the takbir and then recite something you know well from the Qur'an and then do ruku' until you are at rest in your ruku' . Then stand back up until you are completely upright. Then go into sajda until you are at rest in your sajda. Then sit back until you are at rest in the sitting position. Do that throughout all of your prayer.' "
XIV: Recitation in Dhuhr
725. It is related that Sa'd said, "I prayed the prayer of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,with them in the two afternoon prayers (Dhuhr and 'Asr) and did not diminish it. I made the first two rak'ats long and the last two short." 'Umar said, "That is what one would have expected of you."
It is related that Abu Qatada said, "In the first two rak'ats of the Dhuhr prayer, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recite the Fatiha of the Book and two suras, longer in the first and shorter in the second, and at times the ayat could be heard. In 'Asr, he would recite the Fatiha of the Book and two suras. In Subh, he used to make the first rak'at long and the second short."
726. It is related that Abu Ma'rar said, "We asked Khabbab whether the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recite in the prayers of Dhuhr and 'Asr. He said, 'Yes.' We said, 'How do you know that?' He said, 'From the movement of his beard.'"
XV: Recitation in 'Asr
727. It is related that Abu Ma'mar said, "We said to Khabbab ibn al-Aratt, 'Did the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, use to recite in Dhuhr and 'Asr?' He said, 'Yes.' We said, 'How do you know that?' He said, 'By the movement of his beard.' "
728. It is related that Abu Qatada's father said, "In the two rak'ats of the Dhuhr and 'Asr prayers, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recite the Fatiha of the Book and two suras, and at times the ayat could be heard."
XVI: Recitation in Maghrib
729. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said that Umm al-Fadl heard him while he was reciting "Wa'l-mursalati 'urfan" (77) and said, "My son, by Allah, your recitation reminded me that this sura was the last one I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, reciting in the Maghrib prayer."
730. It is related that Marwan ibn al-Hakam said, "Zayd ibn Thabit said to me, 'Why do you recite short suras in Maghrib when I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, reciting the longer of the two long ones."
XVII: Reciting aloud in the Maghrib prayer
731. It is related that Jubayr ibn Mut'im said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recite at-Tur (52) in the Maghrib prayer."
XVIII: Reciting aloud in the 'Isha' prayer
732. It is related that Abu Rafi' said, "I prayed 'Atama with Abu Hurayra and he recited, 'Idha's-sama'u'inshaqqat' (84) and he went into sajda. I questioned him and he said, 'I went into sajda behind Abu'l-Qasim, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I will continue to do sajda in it until I meet him.'"
733. It is related from al-Bara' that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was on a journey he recited at-Tin (95) in one of the two rak'ats of 'Isha'.
XIX: Recitation of a sajda in the 'Isha' prayer
734. It is related that Abu Rafi' said, "I prayed 'Atama with Abu Hurayra and he recited, 'Idha's-sama'u'inshaqqat' (84) and he went into sajda. I questioned him and he said, 'I went into sajda behind Abu'l-Qasim, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I will continue to do sajda in it until I meet him.'"
XX: Recitation in the 'Isha' prayer
735. It is related that al-Bara' said, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, reciting 'Wa't-tini wa'z-zaytun' (95) in the 'Isha' prayer and I have never heard anyone with a better voice or better recitation than he had."
XXI: Making the first two rak'ats long and the last two short
736. It is related that Jabir ibn Samura said, "'Umar said to Sa'd, 'They have complained about you regarding everything, even the prayer.' He said, 'I made the first two long and the last two short and I would never diminish in any way my following of the prayer of the Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'You have spoken the truth. That is what one would have expected of you - or what I would have expected of you.' "
XXII: Recitation in Fajr
Umm Salama said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recited at-Tur (52)."
737. It is related that Sayyar ibn Salama said, "My father and I came to Abu Barza al-Aslami and we asked him about the time of the prayers. He said, 'He used to pray the midday prayer when the sun began to decline. He prayed 'Asr at a time when a man could return to his house at the furthest part of the city and the sun would still be still white. (I forgot what he said about Maghrib.) The Prophet preferred to delay al-'Atama until a third of the night. He did not like sleeping before it or conversation after it. He used to leave from the morning prayer when a man could recognise the person sitting next to him and he would recite between sixty and a hundred ayats in the two rak'ats or one of them."
738. It is related that Abu Hurayra was heard to say, "There is recitation in every prayer and what the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made audible to us, we make audible to you. What he did silently, we do silently. If you recite no more than the Umm al-Qur'an, that is enough. If you do more, that is better."
XXIII: Reciting aloud in Fajr
Umm Salama said, "I was doing tawaf behind the people while the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was praying, reciting at-Tur (52)."
739. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, set out with a group of his Companions, making for the market of 'Ukaz. A barrier had been set up preventing the shaytans hearing the news of the heavens and meteors were cast against them and they returned to their people saying, 'There is a barrier preventing us hearing the news of the heavens and meteors were cast against us.' They said, 'This thing that has come between you and the the news of the heavens is something new. Travel east and west in the earth and see what it is that has put a barrier between you and the news of the heavens." Those who headed in the direction of Tihama came across the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who was at Nakhla on his way to the market of 'Ukaz. He was praying Fajr with his Companions. When they heard the Qur'an they listened carefully to it and said, 'By Allah, this is what has come between us and the news of the heavens!' Then they returned to their people and said, 'Our people! We have heard a most amazing Recitation. It leads to right guidance so we believe in it and will not associate anyone with our Lord.' So Allah sent down on His Prophet, 'Say: it has been revealed to me...' [sura 72] What the jinn had said was revealed to him."
740. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recited aloud when he was ordered to and was silent when he was ordered to be, 'And your Lord is not forgetful,' (19;64) and 'You have a good model in the Messenger of Allah.' (33:21)"
XXIV: Reciting two suras in one rak'at or the last ayats of a sura, or suras in reverse order or the beginning of a sura.
It is mentioned from 'Abdullah ibn as-Sa'ib that the prophet recited al-Mu'minun (23) in Subh until he reached the part about Musa and Harun or 'Isa when he started coughing and did ruku'. 'Umar recited 120 ayats from al-Baqara in the first rak'at and a sura from the Mathani * in the second rak'at. Al-Ahnaf recited al-Kahf (18) in the first and Yusuf (12) or Yunus (10) in the second. It was mentioned that he had prayed Subh with those suras in the presence of 'Umar. Ibn Mas'ud recited 40 ayats of al-Anfal (8) and then a sura from the Mufassal in the second rak'at. Qatada said that it was permitted for someone to recite the same sura in both rak'ats or to repeat the same sura in both rak'ats as they are all from the Book of Allah.
[*Here it means those suras which are less than a hundred ayats.]
741. It is related that Anas said, "One of the men of the Ansar used to lead the prayer in the mosque of Quba'. Every time he wanted to recite a sura for them in the prayer, he would begin by reciting, 'Qul huwa'llahu ahad,' (112) from beginning to end. Then he would recite another sura after it. He used to do that in every rak'at. His companions talked to him about this and said, 'You begin with this sura and then, not thinking it enough, you recite another. You should either recite it on its own or leave it and recite another.' He said, 'I will not abandon it. If you want me to be your Imam on that basis I will do it. If you are averse to that, I will leave you.' They thought that he was the best of them and did not want anyone else to lead them. When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to them, they told him about it and he said, 'So-and-so! What stops you doing what your companions tell you to? What has moved you to cling to this sura in every rak'at?' He said, 'I love it.' He said, 'Your love for it has ensured your entrance to the Garden.' "
742. It is related that Abu Wa'il was heard to say, "A man came to Ibn Mas'ud and said, 'I recited the Mufassal at night in one rak'at.' Ibn Mas'ud said, 'This is like the rattling off of poetry. I know that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recite these same suras in pairs.' He mentioned twenty suras from the Mufassal, using two in every rak'at."
XXV: Reciting the Fatiha of the Book in the last two rak'ats
743. It is related from Abu Qatada that in Dhuhr the Prophet used to recite in the first two rak'ats the Umm al-Kitab and two suras, and in the last two the Umm al-Kitab on its own and we might sometimes hear an ayat. He made the first rak'at longer than the second rak'at. It was the same in 'Asr and Subh.
XXVI: Silent recitation in Dhuhr and 'Asr
744. It is related that Abu Ma'mar said, "I said to Khabbab, 'Did the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, use to recite in Dhuhr and 'Asr?' He said, 'Yes.' We said, 'How do you know that?' He said, 'By the movement of his beard.'"
XXVII: When the Imam makes an ayat audible
745. It is related that Abu Qatada said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recite the Umm al-Kitab and a sura with it in the first two rak'ats of Dhuhr and 'Asr and at times an ayat could be heard. He used to make the first rak'at long."
XXVIII: Making the first rak'at long
746. It is related that Abu Qatada said that the Prophet. may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to make the first rak'at long and the second short in the Dhuhr prayer. He also did that in the Subh prayer.
XXIX: The Imam saying "Amin" aloud
'Ata' said, "'Amin' is a supplication." Ibn az-Zubayr and those behind him used to say "Amin" until the mosque reverberated. Abu Hurayra used to call out to the Imam, "Do not let me miss the 'Amin'." Nafi' said, "Ibn 'Umar did not neglect to say it and encouraged other people to. I heard him say good things about it."
747. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the Imam says 'Amin', say 'Amin'. If someone's 'Amin' coincides with that of the angels, he will be forgiven his past wrong actions."
Ibn Shihab said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say 'Amin.'"
XXX: The excellence of saying "Amin"
748. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When any of you say 'Amin' and the angels in the heavens also say 'Amin' so that the one coincides with the other, his past wrong actions are forgiven him."
XXXI: Saying "Amin" aloud by people following an Imam
749. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the Imam has said, 'not of those with anger on them nor of those who are in error,' say 'Amin', for the past wrong actions of all those whose utterance coincides with that of the angels are forgiven them."
Abu Salama corroborated it from Abu Hurayra from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Nu'aym al-Mujmir from Abu Hurayra.
XXXII: When someone does ruku' behind the prayer line
750. It is related from Abu Bakra that he reached the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while he was doing ruku', and so he did ruku' before joining the row. When that was mentioned to the Prophet he said, "May Allah increase your zeal but do not do it again."
XXXIII: Finishing the takbir in ruku'
Ibn 'Abbas said that from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, (in an isnad) which contains Malik ibn al-Huwayrith.
751. It is related that 'Imran ibn Husayn said that he had prayed with 'Ali in Basra. He said, "This man reminded us of the prayer as we used to pray it with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." He mentioned that he said the takbir every time he rose and went down.
752. It is related that when Abu Hurayra led the prayer, he would say the takbir every time he went down and rose. When he finished, he said, "None of you has a prayer more similar to that of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, than mine."
XXXIV: Completing the takbir in sajda
753. It is related that Mutarrif ibn 'Abdullah said, "'Imran ibn Husayn and I prayed behind 'Ali ibn Abi Talib. When he went into sajda he said the takbir and when he raised his head, he said the takbir. When he got up after two rak'ats, he said the takbir. When he finished the prayer, 'Imran ibn Husayn took hold of my hand and said, 'This man reminded me of the prayer of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,' or he said, 'He prayed the prayer of Muhammad with us.'"
754. It is related that 'Ikrima said, "I saw a man at the Maqam saying the takbir every time he did ruku' and rose and when he stood up and when he went down. I told Ibn 'Abbas and he said, 'If that is not indeed the prayer of the Prophet, you have no mother!' "
XXXV: Saying the takbir when rising from sajda
755. It is related that 'Ikrima said, "I prayed behind an old man* at Makka and he said the takbir twenty-two times. I remarked to Ibn 'Abbas that he must be stupid. He said, 'May your mother be bereft of you. That is the sunna of Abu'l-Qasim, may Allah bless him and grant him peace!'"
[*It is said that it was Abu Hurayra. 'Ikrima was the slave of Ibn 'Abbas.]
756. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up for the prayer, he said the takbir when he stood up and the takbir when he did ruku'. Then he said, 'Allah hears whoever praises him,' when his back was straight after coming back from ruku'. Then as he was standing he said, 'Our Lord, praise is yours.' ('Abdullah said, 'And praise is yours.') Then he said the takbir when he went down and then the takbir when he raised his head. Then he said the takbir when he went into sajda and the takbir when he raised his head again. Then he did the same all through the prayer until he had finished it. He said the takbir when he stood up from the sitting position after the first two rak'ats."
XXXVI: Placing the palms on the knees in ruku'
Abu Humayd said to his companions, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put his hands on his knees."
757. It is related that Mus'ab ibn Sa'd said, "I prayed beside my father and, placing my palms together, put my hands between my thighs. My father forbade me to do that saying, 'We used to do that and we were forbidden to do it and told to put our hands on our knees.' "
XXXVII: Not doing ruku' correctly
758. It is related that Zayd ibn Wuhayb said, "Hudhayfa saw a man who did not fully complete the ruku' and sajda and said, 'You have not prayed. If you died now, you would die having taken on something other than the natural patterning (fitra) which Allah gave to Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.'"
XXXVIII: Keeping the back straight in ruku'
Abu Humayd said among his companions, "The Prophet did ruku' and bent his back straight."
XXXIX: The limit of correct ruku' is to be balanced and at rest.
759. It is related that al-Bara' said, "The ruku' , the sajda, the gap between the two sajdas and the rising from ruku' of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace - but not his standing and sitting - lasted about the same length of time."
760. It is related from Abu Hurayra, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered the mosque and a man entered and prayed. He came and greeted the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who returned the greeting and said, 'Go and back and pray. You have not prayed.' He prayed and came and greeted the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said three times, 'Go back and pray for you have not prayed.' He said, 'By the One who sent you with the truth, I cannot do any better than that, so teach me.' He said, 'When you stand for the prayer, say the takbir and then recite something you know well from the Qur'an and then do ruku' until you are at rest in your ruku' .Then stand back up until you are completely upright. Then go into sajda until you are at rest in your sajda. Then sit back until you are at rest in the sitting position. Then go into sajda until you are at rest in your sajda. Do that throughout all of your prayer.'"
XL: Supplication in ruku'
761. It is related that 'A'isha said, "In his ruku' and sajda the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say, 'Glory be to You, O Allah, our Lord, and with Your praise. O Allah, forgive me!'"
XLI: What the Imam and those behind him say when he lifts his head from ruku'
762. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Allah hears whoever praises Him,' he would say, 'Our Lord, and praise belongs to You.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said the takbir when he went into ruku' and when he raised his head. When he stood up from the two sajdas, he also said, 'Allah is Greater.'"
XLII: The excellence of saying, "O Allah, our Lord, praise belongs to You."
763. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the Imam says, 'Allah hears whoever praises Him,' say, 'O Allah, our Lord, praise belongs to You.' Anyone whose words coincide with those of the angels will be forgiven his past wrong actions.' "
764. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "My prayer is very close to that of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." Abu Hurayra used to say the qunut in the last rak'at of Dhuhr, 'Isha' and Subh after he had said, "Allah hears whoever praises Him." he would pray for the believers and curse the unbelievers.
765. It is related that Anas said, "The qunut is in Maghrib and Fajr."
766. It is related that Rifa'a ibn Rafi' az-Zuraqi said, "One day, when we were praying behind the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, as he raised his head from the ruku' he said, 'Allah hears whoever praises Him.' A man behind him said, 'Our Lord, praise belongs to You, abundant, good and blessed praise.' When he finished, he said, 'Who spoke?' The man said, 'I did.' The Prophet said, 'I saw some thirty angels racing each other to be first to write it down.' "
LXIII: Coming to rest after raising the head from ruku'
Abu Humayd said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his head, he stood upright until every vertebra had returned to its place."
767. It is related that Thabit said, "Anas used to demonstrate the prayer of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to us and as he was praying he used to stand there for so long after raising his head from ruku', that we would think he had forgotten."
768. Al-Bara' said, "The ruku' of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and his sajda, his standing after rising from ruku' and his sitting between the two sajdas were all of about the same length."
769. It is related that Abu Qilaba said, "Malik ibn al-Huwayrith used to show us, at other than the official prayer time, how the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,prayed. He would stand, doing it absolutely correctly and then go into ruku', doing it absolutely correctly. Then he would raise his head and stand upright for a time." He said, "His prayer was like that of our shaykh Abu Yazid." When Abu Yazid raised his head from the second sajda, he would sit back before getting up.
XLIV: Saying the takbir while going down into sajda
Nafi' said that Ibn 'Umar used to place his hands on the ground before his knees.
770. It is related from Abu Bakr ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Harith ibn Hisham and Abu Salama ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman said that Abu Hurayra used to say the takbir in every prayer whether obligatory or otherwise, in Ramadan or other months. He would say the takbir when he stood up and then again when he went into ruku' and then he would say, "Allah hears whoever praises Him," following it with, "Our Lord, praise belongs to You," before going into sajda. Then he would say, "Allah is greater," when going down into sajda and would say the takbir again when raising his head from sajda. He would also say the takbir when he stood up from sitting after the first two rak'ats. He would do that in every rak'at until he finished the prayer. Then when he finished he would say, "By the One in whose hand my self is, of all of you my prayer most closely resembles that of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. This was his prayer until he left this world."
771. They both said that Abu Hurayra said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his head, he would say, 'Allah hears whoever praises Him. Our Lord, praise belongs to You.' He used to pray for some men whom he named and would say, 'O Allah, save al-Walid ibn al-Walid, Salama ibn Hisham, 'Ayyash ibn Rabi'a and all oppressed believers. O Allah, make the punishment of Mudar severe and make them have years of famine like in the time of Yusuf.' At that time, the people of the eastern Mudar were opposing him."
772. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, fell from ('an) his horse [It is possible that Sufyan said min rather than 'an.] while riding and his right side was grazed. We went to visit him and the time for the prayer arrived. He led us in the prayer sitting down and we stayed sitting down. [On one occasion Sufyan said, "We prayed sitting down."] When he finished the prayer, he said, 'The Imam is appointed to be followed. Say the takbir when he says the takbir. Go into ruku' when he goes into ruku', and get up when he gets up. When he says, "Allah hears whoever praises Him," say, "Our Lord, praise belongs to You." Go into sajda when he goes into sajda.'"
Sufyan has that from Ma'mar. Ibn Jurayj said that his right leg was grazed.
XLV: The excellence of sajda
773. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the people said, "Messenger of Allah, will we see our Lord on the Day of Rising?" He said, "Do you have any doubt about seeing the moon on a night when it is full and there are no clouds obscuring it?" They said, "No, Messenger of Allah." He said, "Do you have any doubt about seeing the sun when there are no clouds obscuring it?" They said, "No." He said, "That is how you will see Him. On the Day of Rising people will be gathered together. Allah will say, 'Whoever used worship something should follow it.' Some of them will follow the sun, some will follow the moon and some will follow idols. This community will be left, together with its hypocrites. Then Allah will come to them and say, "I am your Lord." They will say, "This where we stay until our Lord comes to us. When our Lord comes to us, we will recognise him." Then Allah will come to them again and say, "I am your Lord." They will say, "You are our Lord." He will summon them and the Sirat will be set up over Jahannam, and I will be the first of the Messengers to cross it with my community. No one will speak that day except for the Messengers and their words that day will be, "O Allah, preserve us ! Preserve us!"
"'In Jahannam there will be hooks like the thorns of the prickly-plant Have you seen the thorns of the prickly-plant?' They said, 'Yes.' He said, 'They are like the thorns of the prickly-plant except that only Allah knows how huge they are. They will hook onto people according to their actions. Some of them will be destroyed by their actions and some will be lacerated and then saved. When Allah wishes to show mercy to those He chooses among the people of the Fire, He will command the angels to take out all those who worshipped Allah. They will bring them out, recognising them by the mark of sajda. Allah has forbidden the Fire to consume the mark of sajda. Thus they will come out of the Fire. The Fire consumes every part of the son of Adam except for the mark of sajda. They will emerge from the Fire burned and blackened and the water of life will be poured over them and they will grow as the seed on the bank of a stream grows.
"Then Allah will finish judging between His slaves and only one man will be left between the Garden and the Fire. He will be the last of the people of the Fire to enter the Garden. His face will be turned towards the Fire and he will say, "O Lord! Turn my face away from the Fire! Its wind has poisoned me and its blaze has burned me." Allah will say, "If that is done for you, will you not for something else?" He will say, "No, by Your might!" and he will give Allah whatever pledge and promise he wishes and Allah will turn his face away from the Fire.
"'When Allah turns him to face the Garden and he sees its radiance, he will be silent as long as Allah wills that he be silent. Then he will say, "O Lord, take me to the door the Garden!" Allah will say, "Did you not give me pledges and promises that you would not ask for anything other than what you asked for?" He will say, "O Lord, do not make me the most wretched of Your creation!" He will say, "If that is granted to you, will you not ask for something else?" He said, "No, by Your might, I will not ask for anything except that!" So will give his Lord whatever pledge and promise he wishes. He will bring him right up to the door of the Garden.
"'When he reaches its door and sees its flowers and the splendours and pleasures it contains, he will be silent for as long as Allah wishes him to be silent. Then he will say, "O Lord, let me enter the Garden!" Allah will say, "Woe to you, son of Adam! How treacherous you are! Did you not give pledges and promises that you would not ask for other than what you asked for?" He will say,"O Lord, do not make me the most wretched of Your creation!" Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, will laugh at him and then give him permission to enter the Garden and will say, "Wish" and he will make wishes until, when he stops wishing, Allah the Mighty and Exalted will say, "Ask for more of such and such and such and such." His Lord will go on reminding him and when his wishes are exhausted, Allah the Almighty will say, "You can have that and the same again." ' "
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said to Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said that Allah said, 'You can have that and ten times like it.' " Abu Hurayra said, "I only recall from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that he said, 'You can have that and the same again.' " Abu Sa'id said, "I heard him say, 'You can have that and ten times like it.' "
XLVI: Keeping the upper arms away from the body and the abdomen away from the thighs
774. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Malik ibn Buhayna that when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed, he would spread his arms until the whites of his armpits were showing.
Ja'far ibn Rabi'a related something similar to it.
XLVII: Keeping the toes pointing towards qibla
Abu Humayd as-Sa'idi reported this from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
XLVIII: When sajda is not done corrrectly
775. It is related from Abu Wa'il that Hudhayfa saw a man who did not complete his ruku' and sajda. When he finished his prayer, Hudhayfa said to him, "You have not prayed." Abu Wa'il said, "I think that he said, 'If you died now, you would die following a sunna other than that of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.'"
XLIX: Doing sajda on seven bones
776. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was commanded to do sajda on seven members and not to gather up his hair or clothes. They are: the forehead, the two hands, the two knees and the two feet."
777. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "We were commanded to do sajda on seven bones and not to gather up our clothes or hair."
778. It is related that al-Bara' ibn 'Azib - who was not a liar - said, "We used to pray behind the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. When he said, 'Allah hears whoever praises Him,' none of us would bend his back until the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had placed his forehead on the ground."
L: Doing sajda on the nose
779. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I was commanded to do sajda on seven bones: the forehead (and he pointed to his nose), the two hands, the two knees and the toes, and not to gather up my clothes or hair."
LI: Doing sajda on the nose and in the mud
780. It is related that Abu Salama said, "I went to Abu Sa'id al-Khudri and said, 'Could you not come out with us to the palm trees and talk to us.' He came out." He said, "I said, 'Relate to me what you heard from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about the Night of Power.' He said, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went into retreat (i'tikaf) during the first ten nights of Ramadan and we went into retreat with him. Jibril came to him and said, 'That which you are seeking is still to come.' Then he went into retreat for the middle ten days and we went into retreat with him. Jibril came to him and said, 'That which you are seeking is still to come.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up to speak on the morning of the 20th of Ramadan and said, 'Whoever has been doing retreat with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, should continue. I was shown the Night of Power but I have forgotten it. It is an odd night among the last ten days. I dreamed that it was as if I was doing sajda in mud and water.' The roof of the mosque was made of palm branches and we could not see anything in the sky. Then suddenly a cloud came and it rained on us. The Prophet led us in the prayer until we could see the traces of mud and water on the forehead and on the tip of the nose of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which was the confirmation of his dream."
LII: Tying the clothes and wrapping them round. Someone gathering his garment to him out of the fear that his private parts might become uncovered
781. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "People used to pray with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with their wrappers tied round their necks because of how small they were. The women were told, 'Do not raise your heads until the men are sitting up straight.' "
LIII: Not gathering up the hair
782. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said was commanded to do sajda on seven bones and not to gather up his clothes or hair."
LIV: Not gathering up ones garment in the prayer
783. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I was commanded to do sajda on seven and not to gather up hair or clothes."
LV: Tasbih (saying "Glory be to Allah") and supplication in sajda
784. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to often say in his ruku' and sajda, 'Glory be to You, O Allah, our Lord, and by Your praise. O Allah, forgive me!' thus making the Qur'an clear."
LVI: Pausing for a time between the two sajdas
785. It is related from Abu Qilaba that Malik ibn al-Huwayrith said to his companions, "Shall I tell you about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?" Abu Qilaba said that it was not at the time of the prayer. He stood up and then did ruku' and said the takbir and raised his head and stood for a time and then went into sajda. He raised his head for a short time and prayed the same way as 'Amr ibn Salima, our Shaykh. (Ayyub said, "He used to do something which I did not see other people doing - he used to sit in the third and fourth rak'ats.") Malik said, "We came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and stayed with him. He said, 'If you return to your families, pray such and such a prayer at such and such a time and pray such and such a prayer at such and such a time. When it is time for the prayer, one of you should give the adhan and the oldest of you should be Imam."
786. It is related that al-Bara' said, "The sajda of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, his ruku', his sitting between the two sajdas lasted about the same length of time."
787. It is related from Thabit that Anas said, "I will never cease to pray with you as I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray with us." Thabit said, "Anas used to do something which I have not seen you doing. When he raised his head from ruku', he would stand until someone would say that he had forgotten, and sit between the two sajdas until someone would say that he had forgotten."
LVII: Do not stretch out the forearms in sajda
Abu Humayd said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went into sajda, he would place his hands down without stretching them out or keeping them in close."
788. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Be balanced in your sajda and none of you should stretch out his arms like a dog."
LVIII: Sitting up straight in the Witr prayer and then getting up
789. It is related from Malik ibn al-Huwayrith al-Laythi that he saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praying. When he was doing his witr prayer, he did not get up until he had sat up straight.
LIX: How to support oneself on the ground when rising from the rak'at
790.It is related that Abu Qilaba said, "Malik ibn al-Huwayrith came here and led us in the prayer in this mosque of ours. He said, 'I do not want to actually do the prayer, but rather to show you how I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray.' " Ayyub said, "I asked Abu Qilaba, 'What was his prayer like?' He said, 'The same as the prayer of this shaykh of ours,' i.e. 'Amr ibn Salima."
Ayyub said, "That shaykh would do the takbir and when he raised his head from the second sajda, he would sit back, support himself on the ground and get up."
LX: Saying the takbir on rising from the two sajdas
Ibn az-Zubayr used to say the takbir when he got up.
791. It is related that Sa'id ibn al-Harith said, "Abu Sa'id led us in the prayer and said the takbir when he raised his head from sajda, when he went into sajda, when he rose and when he got up after the first two rak'ats. I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing that."
792. It is related that Mutarrif said, "'Imran ibn Husayn and I prayed behind 'Ali ibn Abi Talib. When he went into sajda he said the takbir and when he raised his head, he said the takbir. When he got up after two rak'ats, he said the takbir. When he finished the prayer, 'Imran ibn Husayn took hold of my hand and said, 'This man reminded me of the prayer of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,' or he said, 'He prayed the prayer of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with us.'"
LXI: The sunna of how to sit during the tashahhud
Umm ad-Darda' used to sit in her prayer like a man sits and she was a faqiha.
793. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abdullah saw 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar cross his legs in the sitting position of the prayer. He said, "So I did the same, and I was young at the time." Abdullah ibn 'Umar forbade me to do it saying, 'The sunna of the prayer is that you keep your right foot vertical and lay your left foot down.' I said, 'But you were doing that that.' He said, 'My feet do not support me.'"
794. It is related from Muhammad ibn 'Amr ibn 'Ata' that he was sitting with a group of the Companions of the Prophet. "We mentioned the prayer of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Abu Humayd as-Sa'idi said, 'I remember the prayer of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, better than any of you. I saw that when he said the takbir he lifted his hands level with his shoulders. When he did ruku', he placed his hands on his knees and then bent his back straight. When he raised his head, he stood up straight until each vertebra had returned to its place. When he went into sajda, he placed his arms so that they were neither stretched out nor held close. The toes of his feet pointed towards the qibla. When he sat after the first two rak'ats, he sat on his left foot and kept his right foot upright. When he sat after the last rak'at, he extended his left foot across, keeping the other upright and sat on his buttocks."
It is related from al-Layth, "every vertebra." It is related from Muhammad ibn 'Amr, "every vertebra."
LXII: Someone who thinks that the first tashahhud is not obligatory because the Prophet stood up after the first two rak'ats and did not go back
795. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Buhayna who was from Azd Shanu'a and was the ally of of the Banu 'Abdu Manaf and he was one of the Companions of the Prophet, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led them in Dhuhr. He stood up after the first two rak'ats without sitting back. The people stood up with him. When the prayer was ended and the people were waited for the taslim, he said the takbir while still sitting and then did two sajdas before saying the salam. Then he said the salam.
LXIII: Tashshhud in the first sitting
796. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn Malik ibn Buhayna said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in the Dhuhr prayer and got up when he should have sat back. At the end of his prayer, he did two sajdas while still sitting."
LXIV: The tashahhud in the last rak'at
797. It is related from Shaqiq ibm Salama that 'Abdullah said, "When we prayed behind the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, we said, 'Peace be upon Jibril and Mika'il. Peace be upon so-and-so and so-and-so.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, turned to us and said, 'Allah is Peace. When you pray, you should say, "Greetings belong to Allah and good words and prayers. Peace be upon you, O Prophet and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the right-acting slaves of Allah." If you say that, it will cover every right-acting slave of Allah in the heavens and the earth. "I testify that there is no god but Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger."'"
LXV: Supplication before the salam
798. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to make supplication in the prayer: "O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the punishment of the grave and I seek refuge with You from the trial of the False Messiah (Dajjal) and I seek refuge with you from the trials of life and the trial of death. O Allah, I seek refuge with You from wrong action and debt." Someone said to him, "How often you seek refuge from debt!" He said, "When someone is in debt, when he speaks, he lies and when he makes a promise, he breaks it."
It is related that 'A'isha said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, seek refuge in his prayer from the trial of the Dajjal."
799. It is related that Abu Bakr as-Siddiq said to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Teach me a supplication which I can make in my prayer." He said, "Say: 'O Allah, I have greatly wronged myself and none forgives wrong actions except You, so grant me Your forgiveness and be merciful to me. You are the Ever-Forgiving, the All-Merciful."
LXVI: Voluntary supplication after the tashahhud which is not obligatory
800. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "When we were doing the prayer with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, we used to say, 'Peace be upon Allah from His slaves. Peace be upon so-and-so and so-and-so.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Do not say, "Peace be upon Allah." Allah is Peace. Rather say, "Greetings belong to Allah and good words and prayers. Peace be upon you, O Prophet and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon all the right-acting slaves of Allah." If you say that, it will cover every right-acting slave of Allah in the heavens and the earth. "I testify that there is no god but Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger." Then he can choose any supplication he likes and use it.' "
LXVII: Not wiping the forehead and nose until finishing the prayer
801. It is related that Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing sajda in water and mud so that I could see the traces of mud on his forehead."
LXVIII: The taslim
802. It is related that Umm Salama said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said the salam, the women would get up as soon as he finished saying it and he would stay there a short time before getting up."
Ibn Shihab said, "I think - and Allah knows best - that he stayed so that the women could leave before any of the people who had finished the prayer caught up with them."
LXIX: Saying the salam at the same time as the Imam says it
Ibn 'Umar liked to say the salam after the Imam had said it.
803. It is related that 'Itban said, "We prayed with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said the salam at the same time as he said it."
LXX: Someone not returning the greeting to the Imam and considering the taslim of the prayer sufficient
804. It is related from Mahmud ibn ar-Rabi' that he claimed to remember the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and remember him spitting out a mouthful of water taken from a bucket in their house. He said, "I heard 'Itban ibn Malik al-Ansari, one of the Banu Salim, say, "I used to lead my people, the Banu Salim, in the prayer. I went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "My eyesight is weak and the flood-water comes between me and the mosque of my people. I would like you to come and pray somewhere in my house so that I can use it as a mosque." He said, "I will do that, Allah willing." The next morning the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Abu Bakr came to me well into the day. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked for permission to enter and I gave him permission. He did not sit down when he entered the house, but said, 'Where in your house would you like me to pray?' I pointed out to him the place where I wanted him to pray. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood and we formed rows behind him and then he said the salam and we said the salam at the same time as he said it."
LXXI: Dhikr after the prayer
805. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that in the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, voices were raised in dhikr when people finished the obligatory prayers.
Ibn 'Abbas said, "When I heard that I knew by it that they had finished."
806. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "I knew that the prayer of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was over from the takbirs."
807. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The poor people came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,and said, "The rich people have gone off with the higher degrees and everlasting bliss. They pray as we pray and fast as we fast but they have more wealth than us which they use to go on hajj and 'umra, to do jihad and to give sadaqa. He said, 'Shall I tell you something which will enable you, if you take it on, to catch up with those who have gone ahead of you. No one coming after you will be able to catch up with you and you will be the best of those you live among, except someone who does the same thing? Say, "Glory be to Allah," "Praise belongs to Allah" and "Allah is greater" after every prayer thirty-three times each.' There was a disagreement between us and some of us said "Glory be to Allah," thirty-three times, "Praise belongs to Allah," thirty-three times and "Allah is greater," thirty-four times. I went back to him and he said, 'You should say, "Glory be to Allah," "Praise belongs to Allah," and "Allah is greater," saying each thirty-three times.' "
808. It is related that Warrad, the scribe of al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba, said, "Al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba dictated to me in a letter to Mu'awiya that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say after every obligatory prayer, 'There is no god but Allah alone with no partner. The kingdom and praise belong to Him and He has power over everything. O Allah, none can withhold what You give nor give what You withhold and the jadd of someone who has it is of no avail against You.' "
Al-Qasim ibn Mukhaymira has this from Warrad. Al-Hasan said, "Jadd means wealth."
LXXII: The Imam facing the people when he says the salam
809. It is related that Samura ibn Jundub said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, turned his face towards us when he had finished a prayer."
810. It is related that Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in the Subh prayer at Hudaybiyya after a rainy night. When he finished, he faced the people and said, 'Do you know what your Lord has said?' They said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said, 'This morning My slaves have become divided up into believers and unbelievers. Those who said, "We had rain by the favour and mercy of Allah," believe in Me and reject the stars. Those who said that it was because of a certain star, disbelieve in Me and believe in the star."
811. It is related that Anas said, "One night the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, delayed the prayer until half the night had passed and then came out to us. When he had prayed he turned his face to us. He said, 'The people have prayed and gone to sleep and you are still in the prayer as long as you are waiting for the prayer.' "
LXXIII: The Imam staying in the place of prayer after the salam
It is related that Nafi' said, "Ibn 'Umar used to pray in the same place in which he had prayed the obligatory prayer." Al-Qasim also did that. What is mentioned from Abu Hurayra (marfu') about the Imam not doing the voluntary prayer in his place is not sound.
812. It is related from Umm Salama that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would stay in his place for a short time.
Ibn Shihab said, "We think - and Allah knows best - that it was so that the women who had finished could leave."
Ibn Shihab wrote that Hind bint al-Harith al-Firasiyya, one of the companions of Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet, said that Umm Salama said, "He would say the salam and the women would leave and enter their houses before the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, left."
(Variations in the isnad.)
LXXIV: Someone leading the people in the prayer and then, remembering something he has to do, has to step over the people
813. It is related that 'Uqba said, "I prayed 'Asr behind the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in Madina. He said the salam and then got up hurriedly and stepped over people's shoulders making for the room of one of his wives. The people were alarmed at his speed. He came out to them and saw that they were surprised at his speed and said, 'I remembered a piece of gold that we had and I did not want it to distract me so I ordered that it be distributed.'"
LXXV: Facing and turning to the right and left
Anas used to face right and left and criticised those who purposed to turn to the right alone
814. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "None of you should give Shaytan any of his prayer by thinking that he has only to turn to the right. I often saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, turning to the left."
LXXVI: What has come about raw garlic, onions and leeks
The words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Anyone who has eaten garlic or onions out of hunger or for any other reason should not come near our mosque."
815. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said during the expedition to Khaybar, "Anyone who eats any of this plant, i.e. garlic, should not come near our mosque."
816. It is related that 'Ata' heard Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who eats any of this plant, i.e. garlic, should not come to our mosques." 'Ata' said, "What does he mean by this?" He said, "I think he only means raw garlic."
Ibn Jurayh said, "Only its smell."
It is related from Ibn Wahb that he was brought a pot containing vegetables. Yunus did not mention the story of the plate.
I do not know whether it is from the words of az-Zuhri or in the actual hadith.
817. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah stated that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who eats garlic and onions should keep away from us (or he said, "should keep away from our mosque") and he should stay in his house." He said, "The Prophet was brought a pot of cooked vegetables and found that it had a smell. He asked about it and was told what vegetables it contained. He told them to take it to some of his Companions who were with him. When he saw it, he did not like to eat it but said, 'Eat, for I have to converse privately with people with whom you do not have to converse.'
Ibn Shihab supports the statement of Yunus.
818. It is related that 'Abdu'l-'Aziz said, "A man asked Anas, 'What did you hear from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about garlic?' He said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Anyone who eats some of this plant should not come near us or pray with us.' "
LXXVII: The wudu' of children and when they must do ghusl and purify themselves. Their attending the group prayer, the two 'ids, funeral prayers and their prayer lines
819. It is related that Sulayman ash-Shaybani said, "I heard ash-Sha'bi say, 'Someone who passed with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, by a grave which was set apart informed me that he had led them in the prayer and they had lined up behind him.' I said, 'Abu 'Amr, who related this to you?' He said, 'Ibn 'Abbas.' "
820. It is related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Ghusl is obligatory for every man who has reached puberty on the day of Jumu'a."
821. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, See 117 from "Once I spent the in the house of my aunt, Maymuna, and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, slept. After some of the night had passed, the Prophet got up and did wudu' lightly from a hanging waterskin - 'Amr (one of the narrators) described it as being light and used little water - and stood up to pray. I got up and did wudu' as he had done and then went and stood on his left. He moved me to his right and then prayed as much as Allah willed and then lay down and went to sleep to the extent that he snored. Then the caller came and announced the prayer, then the Prophet went with him for the prayer and he prayed without doing wudu'." We said to 'Amr, "Some people say, "The eyes of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sleep but his heart does not sleep." 'Amr said that he heard 'Ubayd ibn 'Umayr say, "The dreams of the Prophets are revelation." Then he recited [the conversation of Ibrahim to Isma'il], "I saw in a dream that I was sacrificing you." (37:102)
822. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that his grandmother, Mulayka, invited the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for some food which she had prepared for him. He ate some of it and then said, "Get up. I will lead you in prayer." Anas said, "I went to fetch our mat which had become black from long use and I sprinkled it with water. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood on it and the orphan and I lined up behind him and the old woman stood behind us. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed two rak'ats with us.
823. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "Once, when I was just past puberty, I came up riding a she-ass as the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was leading the people in prayer at Mina without any wall in front of them. I passed in front of one of the rows, dismounted, left my she-ass to graze, and joined the row. No one objected to me doing that.
824. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, delayed the prayer."
It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, delayed 'Isha'. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not come out until 'Umar said, 'The women and children have gone to sleep.' Then he came out and said to the people in the mosque, 'No people on earth have prayed this prayer except you.' No one except the people of Madina prayed at that time."
825. It is related from 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Abis, "I heard a man ask Ibn 'Abbas, 'Were you present when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out (to the 'Id prayer)?' He said, 'Yes and if it had been for my place with him, I would not have attended it, i.e. because of his youth. He went to the waymark by the house of Kathir ibn as-Salt and gave an address. Then he went to the women and admonished them, reminding them and commanding them to give sadaqa (charity). A woman would put her hand up to her necklace and throw it into Bilal's garment. Then he and Bilal came to the house.' "
LXXVIII: The women going out to the mosques at night in the darkness
826. It is related that 'A'isha said, "One night the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, delayed 'Isha' until 'Umar called out, 'The women and children have gone to sleep.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came out and said, 'No people on the earth would have waited for it except you.' In those days, the prayer was done only in Madina. They used to pray 'Isha' between the disappearance of the redness of sunset up until the end of the first third of the night."
827. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When your women ask for your permission to go to mosque at night, give them permission."
Mujahid corroborated it from Ibn 'Umar from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
LXXIX: People waiting for a knowledgeable Imam to get up (from the prayer)
828. It is related from Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet, that in the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, the women used to get up as soon as they said the salam for the obligatory prayer. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and those of the men who prayed would remain there as long as Allah willed. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up, the men got up.
829. It is related that 'A'isha reported, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray Subh and the women would leave wrapped up in their garments and no one could recognise them because of how dark it was."
830. It is related that Abu Qatada al-Ansari's father said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I stand in prayer wanting to make it long but I hear the crying of a child and shorten my prayer disliking to make it difficult for its mother."
831. It is related that 'A'isha said, "If the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had known what the women were going to do, he would have forbidden them as the women of the Children of Isra'il were forbidden." Yahya ibn Sa'id said to 'Amra, "Were they forbidden?" She said, "Yes."
LXXX: Women praying behind men
832. It is related that Umm Salama said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, the salam, the women would get up as soon as he finished saying it and he would stay there a short time before getting up." He said, "I think - and Allah knows best - that he stayed so that the women could leave before any of the people who had finished the prayer caught up with them."
833. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed in the house of Umm Sulaym and the orphan and I stood behind him and Umm Sulaym stood behind us."
LXXXI: The swiftness of the women in leaving after Subh and the shortness of the time they stayed in the mosque
834. It is related that 'A'isha reported, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray Subh when it was dark and the believing women would leave and could not be recognised due to the darkness nor could they recognise one another."
LXXXII: A woman asking her husband's permission to go out to the mosque
835. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When your women ask for your permission to go to mosque at night, give them permission."