Chapter 75. Book of Slaughtering and Hunting

I. Saying the Name of Allah while Hunting

The words of Allah Almighty, "Forbidden for you are carrion ... to ...  So do not be afraid of them but be afraid of Me." (5:1-3)

His words, "O you who believe, Allah will test you with game animals which come within the reach of your hands and spears." (5:94)

The words of Allah Almighty, "All livestock animals are lawful for you, except those that are recited to you now..." (5:1)

Ibn 'Abbas said, "'uqud" (5:1) are contracts, both lawful and unlawful. "Except those that are recited to you now" (5:2) are pigs. "yajrimannakum" (5:2) means "incite you". "Shanan" (5:2) means hatred. "Al-munkhaniqa" (5:3) means that which has been choked to death. "Al-Manqudha" (5:3) means struck by wood with a fatal blow. "Al-mataraddiya" (5:3) means having fallen from a mountain. "An-Natiha" is a gored sheep. If one reaches it while its tail or eyes are  still moving, then you can slaughter and eat it.

5158. It is related from 'Amir that 'Adi ibn Hatim said, "I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about featherless arrows. He said, 'Eat what it hits with its sharp end. What has been hit side on has been beaten to death.' I asked him about hunting dogs and he said, "Eat what they catch for you. The act of the dog seizing the game is slaughter. If you find another dog with your dog or dogs, and you fear that it took the game with your dog and killed it, then do not eat it. You said the Name of Allah over your dog, but did not do so over the other dog.'"

II. Game killed by a featherless arrow

Ibn 'Umar said about an animal killed with a hazelnut, "That is like the animal beaten to death."

Salim, al-Qasim, Mujahid, Ibrahim, 'Ata' and al-Hasan disliked it.

Al-Hasan disliked using hazelnuts* in towns and villages, but saw no harm in using them elsewhere.

[This can also refer to clay pellets.]

5159. Ash-Sha'bi reported that 'Adi ibn Hatim said, "I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about featherless arrows. He said, 'Eat what it hits with its sharp end. What has been hit side on and killed has been beaten to death, so do not eat it.' I asked, 'What if I set loose my dog?' He replied, 'When you let your dog loose and say the basmala, then you can eat.' I asked, 'If it eats some of it?' He answered, 'Then do not eat it. It did not catch it for you. It caught it for itself.' I said, 'And if I set loose my dog and find another dog with it?' He replied, ''Do not eat it for you have said the basmala over your dog but not over the other one.'"

III. Game hit by the flat side of the featherless arrow

5160. It is related by Hammam ibn al-Harith that 'Adi ibn Hatim said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, we set loose trained dogs.' He said, 'Eat what they catch for you.' I asked, 'Even if they kill it?' 'Even if they kill it,' he answered. I said, 'We also shoot it with featherless arrows.' He said, 'Eat what is pierced by the arrow, but do not eat what it hit by its side.'"

IV. Hunting with a bow

Al-Hasan and Ibrahim said, "If someone hits game and severs one of its arms or legs, do not eat that which was severed, but eat the rest."

Ibrahim said, "When you hit it in the neck or the middle, then eat it."

Al-A'mash reported from Zayd, "A wild ass eluded a man from 'Abdullah's family, so he ['Abdullah ibn Mas'ud] told them to hit however they could and leave what was cut from it and eat the rest."

5161. It is related that Abu Tha'laba al-Khushani said, "I said, 'Prophet of Allah, we are in the land of the People of the Book. Can we eat from their vessels? It is a land with game and I hunt with a bow and with my dog which is not rained and with my trained dog. What am I permitted to eat?' He answered, 'As for what you mentioned about the People of the Book, if you can find other vessels, then do not eat from them. If you do not find other vessels, then wash them and eat from them. Eat what you hunt with your bow when you mentioned the Name of Allah. Eat what you hunt with your trained dog when you mentioned the Name of Allah. Eat what you hunt with your untrained dog when you are able to slaughter it.'"

V. Khadhf (flicking small stones) and bunduqa (hazelnuts)

5162. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn Mughaffal saw a man flicking small stones and told him, "Do not flick small stones. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade flicking small stones, or he used to dislike doing it." 'Abdullah said, "one does not hunt game by that nor hurt an enemy by it, but it may break a tooth or cause loss of an eye." Then he saw the man flicking stones after that and said to him, "I tell you that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade or disliked flicking small stones and you are still flicking them! I will not speak to you for such-and-such a time."

VI. The one who keeps a dog which is neither for hunting or for herding

5163. 'Abdullah ibn Dinar reported that he heard Ibn 'Umar relate that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who acquires a dog - except one for herding or trained for hunting - loses two qirats of his actions every day.'"

5164. It is related that Salim heard 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar say, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Anyone who acquires a dog - except one trained for hunting game or herding, has his reward decreased by two qirats every day.'"

5165. It is related from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who acquires a dog - except one for herding or trained for hunting, loses two qirats of his actions every day.'"

VII. When the dog eats [of the game]

The words of Allah Almighty, "They will ask you what is lawful for them. Say: 'All good things are lawful for you, and also what is caught for you by hunting animals ..." (5:4)

"Trained dog are called sawa'id and kawasib. "Ijtaru" (45:21) is to earn.

"which you have trained as Allah has taught you. Eat what they catch for you, mentioning Allah's name over it. And show fear of Allah. Allah is Swift at Reckoning." (5:4)

Ibn 'Abbas said, "If the dog eats the game, it spoils it. It has caught it for itself. Allah says, 'which you have trained as Allah has taught you.' So they are beaten and taught to leave the game."

Ibn 'Umar disliked  eating it.

'Ata' said, "If the dog drinks the blood but does not eat it, then you can eat it."

5166. It is related from ash-Sha'bi that 'Adi ibn Hatim said, "I asked a question of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying, 'We are a people who hunt with these dogs.' He said, 'When you let loose your trained dogs having mentioned the Name of Allah, then eat from what they catch for you, even if they kill it, but the dogs eats some of it. I would then fear that it has caught it for itself. If other dogs join your dog, then do not eat it."

VIII. If one fails to find the game (he has shot) for two or three days

5167. It is related from ash-Sha'bi from 'Adi ibn Hatim that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you let your dog loose and say the basmala, then you can eat. If it eats some of it, you should not eat for it has caught it for itself. If it joins other dogs over whom the Name of Allah has not mentioned who then catch an animal and kill it, do not eat. You do not know which of them has killed it. If you shoot game and find it two or three days later with no mark other than that of your arrow, then eat it. If it has fallen into water. then do not eat it."

'Amir related from 'Adi that he said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "What is someone shoots game and loses its track for two or three days and then finds it dead with his arrow in it?" He answered, "He can eat it if he wishes."

IX. If someone finds another dog with the game

5168. It is related from ash-Sha'bi that 'Adi ibn Hatim said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, I let loose my dog and say the basmala.' He said, 'When you let loose your dog and say the basmala, and it catches and kills it and then eats of it, do not eat it. It has caught it for itself.' I asked, 'If I let loose my dog and find another dog with it and do not know which of them has caught it?' He answered, 'Do not eat it. You said the basmala over your dog, but not over the other dog.' I asked him about game shot with a featherless arrow. He said, 'Eat what it hits with its sharp end. What has been hit side on and killed has been beaten to death, so do not eat it.'"

X. What has been said about hunting

5169. It is related from 'Amir that 'Adi ibn Hatim said, "I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'We are a people who hunt with these dogs.' He said, 'When you let loose your trained dog and mention the Name of Allah, eat what it catches for you. If it eats from it, do not eat. I fear that it has caught it for itself. If another dog from elsewhere joins it, then do not eat it."

5170. It is related that Abu Idris 'A'idhullah heard Abu Tha'laba al-Khushani say, "I went to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, we are in the land of the People of the Book, and we eat from their vessels. It is a land with game and I hunt with a bow and with my dog which is not trained and with my trained dog. Tell me what is lawful for us of that.' He answered, 'As for what you mentioned about being in the land of the People of the Book and eating from their vessels, if you find other vessels than their vessels, then do not eat from them. If you do not find them, then wash them and eat from them. As for what you mentioned of being in a land with game, eat what you hunt with your bow when you mentioned the Name of Allah. Eat what you hunt with your trained dog when you mentioned the Name of Allah. Eat what you hunt with your untrained dog when you are able to slaughter it.'"

5171. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "We made a rabbit bolt from its hole at Marr az-Zahran and the people ran after it but got tired. I got to it, caught it and brought it to Abu Talha. He sent its haunch and thighs to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he accepted that."

5172. It is related from Abu Qatada that he was with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. When he had gone part of the way to Makka, he and some of his companions who were in ihram fell back. He was not in ihram. He say a wild ass, mounted his horse and then asked his companions to hand him a whip and they refused. He asked them for his spear and they refused. He took it and attacked the ass and killed it. Some of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ate it and others refused. When they caught up to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, they asked him about that and he said, "It is food with which Allah has fed you."

The like of it related from Abu Qatada but the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do you have any of its meat still with you?"

XI. Hunting on mountains

5173. It is related from Nafi', the client of Abu Qatada, and Abu Salih, the client of at-Taw'ama, that Abu Qatada said, "I was with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, between Makka and Madina and they were in ihram. I was a man not in ihram on the horse and I used to be good at going up mountains. While I was like that, I saw the people looking at something and I looked and there was a wild ass. I said to them, 'What is this?' "We do not know,' they answered. I said, 'It is a wild ass.' They said, 'It is as you have seen.' I had forgotten my whip and said to them, 'Hand me my whip,' They replied, 'I will not help you. I dismounted and took it. Then I chased after it and kept on until I had killed it. I came to them and said, 'Get up and carry it.' They said, 'We will not touch it.' I carried it and brought it to them. Some of them refused and some of them ate it. I said, 'I will ask the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to stop for you. I caught up to him and told him the story. He asked me, 'Do you have any of it still with you?' 'Yes,' I replied. He said, 'Eat. It is food with which Allah has fed you."

XII. The words of Allah Almighty, "What you catch in the sea is lawful for you and all food from it." (5:96)

'Umar said that its game is what is caught and its "food" is what it casts up.

Abu Bakr said, "Floating fish are lawful."

Ibn 'Abbas said, "Its 'food' is its dead fish except for what you deem unclean. Jews do not eat eels, but we eat them."

Shurayh, a Companion of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Everything in the sea is considered to be slaughtered."

'Ata' said, "I think that seabirds must be slaughtered."

Ibn Jurayj said, "I asked 'Ata', 'What about the catch of rivers and small bodies of water. Is that water game?' 'Yes,' he answered. Then he recited, 'This one, sweet, refreshing, delicious to drink that one salty, bitter to the taste. Yet from both of them you eat fresh flesh.' (35:12)

Al-Hasan [ibn 'Ali], peace be upon him, rode a saddle made of sharkskin. [Note: in Arabic a shark is kalb al-bahr, sea dog.]

Ash-Sha'bi said, "If my family would eat frogs, I would feed them to them."

Al-Hasan did not see anything wrong with turtles/tortoises.

Ibn 'Abbas said, "Eat of the catch of the sea, even if it is caught by a Christian, Jew or Magian."

Abu'd-Darda' said about the muri*, "The fish and the sun are the slaughtering of the wine."

[*Wine in which fish and salt are put and then it is placed in the sun and changes. It makes it into vinegar.]

5174. It is related that 'Amr heard Jabir say, "We went out on an expedition as the Army of al-Khabt under the command of Abu 'Ubayda. We were afflicted by terrible hunger, and the sea cast up a dead fish whose like we had never seem. It is called a sperm whale. We ate from it for half a month. Abu 'Ubayda took one of its bones and a rider rode under it."

5175. 'Amr related that he heard Jabir say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent us, three hundred riders, whose commander was Abu 'Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah, to ambush the caravan of Quraysh. We were afflicted by terrible hunger so that we ate the leaves of the khabt tree and so that army was called the Army of al-Khabat. and we ate from it for half a month and we oiled ourselves with its fat until our bodies returned to their former strength. Abu 'Ubayda took one of its ribs and set it upright and a rider passed under it. When the hunger was severe, one man among us slaughtered three camels, and then slaughtered another three camels and then Abu 'Ubayda forbade him."

XIII. Eating locusts

5176. Abu Ya'fur reported that he heard Ibn Abi Awfa say, "We went on seven or six expeditions with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and we used to eat locusts with him.

It is related from Abu Ya'fur from Ibn Abi Awfa, "seven expeditions."

XIV. The vessels of Magians and eating carrion

5177. It is related that Abu Tha'laba al-Khushani said, "I went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, we are in the land of the people of the Book and we eat from their vessels. It is a land with game and I hunt with a bow and with my dog which is not rained and with my trained dog' He answered, 'As for what you mentioned about the People of the Book, do not eat from their vessels unless you cannot find any alternative. If you do not find an alternative, then wash them and eat from them. As for what you mentioned about being in a land with game, when you hunt with your bow, mention the Name of Allah and eat. When you hunt with your trained dog, mention the Name of Allah and eat. When you hunt with your untrained dog and are able to slaughter it, then eat it.'"

5178. It is related from Yazid ibn Abi 'Ubayd that Salama ibn al-Akwa' said, "In the evening of the day when we conquered Khaybar, they lit fires. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'For what are these fires being kindled?' They answered, 'For the meat of domestic donkeys.' He said,' Pour out what is in them and break the pots.' A man of the people asked, 'Shall we pour out what is in them and wash them.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Or do that.'"

XV. Mention the basmala when slaughtering, and those who deliberately omit it

Ibn 'Abbas said, "There is no harm if someone forgets it."

Allah Almighty says, "Do not eat anything over which the name of Allah has not been mentioned. To do so is sheer degeneracy (fisq)." (6:121) Ibn 'Abbas said that the one who forgets to do that is not called fasiq.

He says, "The shaytans inspire their friends to dispute with you. If you obeyed them you would be idolaters." (5:121)

5179. It is related that the grandfather of 'Abaya ibn Rifa' ibn Rafi' ibn Khadij said, "We were with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at Dhu'l-Hulayfa. The people were afflicted by hunger and we had seized some camels and sheep as booty. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was somewhat behind the people and they hurried and slaughtered and set up the pots. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, reached them and ordered the pots to be emptied. Then he carried out the division. He made ten sheep equal to a camel. One of the camels fled. There were few horses among the people. The people went after it until they became exhausted. One of the men aimed an arrow at it and Allah stopped the camel. Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Some of these animals are wild like wild animals. If you loose control over them, then do as this man did.'" My grandfather said, "We expect - or fear - that we may meet the enemy tomorrow and not have any knives. Can we slaughter with reeds?" He said, "Use whatever makes the blood flow and eat it when the Name of Allah has been mentioned over it. Do not [slaughter] with a tooth or nail, and I will tell you about that. The tooth is a bone and the nail is the knife of the Abyssinians.'"

XVI. That which has been slaughtered on altars and to idols

5180. Salim related that he heard 'Abdullah report that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, met Zayd ibn 'Amr ibn Nufayl at the bottom of Baldah before any revelation had come down on the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, offered him a dish with some meat in it, but he refused to eat of it. [This is also read, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was offered...] Then he said, 'I do not eat from what you slaughter to your idols. I only eat from that over which the name of Allah has been mentioned.'"

XVII. The words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Slaughter in the Name of Allah."

5182. It is related that Jundub ibn Sufyan al-Bajali said, "One day we sacrificed some animals with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Some people had sacrificed their animals before the prayer. When he finished [the prayer], the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw that they had slaughtered before the prayer. He said, 'Anyone who has slaughtered before the prayer should slaughter another in its place. Anyone who has not yet slaughtered should do so in the Name of Allah.'"

XVIII. That which causes the blood to flow, be it cane, stone or iron

5182. Nafi' reported that the son of Ka'b ibn Malik told Ibn 'Umar that his father (Ka'b) told him that they had a slavegirl who used to herd some sheep of theirs at Sal'. She saw that one of her sheep which was dying and broke a stone and slaughtered it. He told his family, "Do not eat it until I go to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and ask him," or "Send someone to him to ask him." He went to the Prophet* or sent to him, and the Prophet commanded them to eat it."

5183. A man of the Banu Salama reported that 'Abdullah told him that a slavegirl belonging to Ka'b ibn Malik used to herd some sheep of his at a small mountains at the market which is at Sal'. A sheep was fatally injured and she broke a stone and slaughtered it. They mentioned that to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he commanded them to eat it.

5184. It is related that Rafi' [ibn Khadij] said, "Messenger of Allah, we have no knives?" He said, "If it makes the blood flow and the Name of Allah has been mentioned, then eat. Do not [slaughter] with a tooth or nail. The nail is the knife of the Abyssinians and a tooth is a bone." A camel ran away and was stopped. He said, "Some of these animals are wild like wild animals. If you lose control over them, then do as this man did."

XIX. Slaughtering done by a woman or slavegirl

5185. Nafi' reported that the son of Ka'b ibn Malik reported from his father that a woman slaughtered a sheep with a stone and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about that and commanded that it be eaten.

It is related from Nafi' that he heard a man of the Ansar report to 'Abdullah from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that a slavegirl belonging to Ka'b...

5186. It is related from Nafi' from a man of the Ansar from Mu'adh ibn Sa'd or Sa'd ibn Mu'adh that a slavegirl belonging to Ka'b ibn Malik used to herd some sheep at Sal'. One of the sheep was fatally injured and she caught it and slaughtered it with a stone. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about that and said, "Eat it."

XX. Do not slaughter with a tooth, bone or nail

5187. It is related that Rafi' ibn Khadij said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Eat what has been slaughtered by what makes the blood flow except for a tooth or a nail."

XXI. Animals slaughtered by desert Arabs and the like

5188. It is related from 'A'isha that some people said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Some people bring us meat and we do not know whether or not the Name of Allah has been mentioned over it." He said, "Mention the Name of Allah over it and eat." She said, "Those people had been unbelievers shortly before."

'Ali corroborated it from ad-Darawardi, and Abu Khalid and at-Tufawi corroborated it.

XXII. Animals slaughtered by the People of the Book and their fat, no matter whether they are the people of war or not

The words of Allah Almighty, "Today all good things have been made lawful for you. And the food of those given the Book is also lawful for you and your food is lawful for them." (5:5)

Az-Zuhri said, "There is nothing wrong in eating the animals slaughtered by the Christian Arabs. If you hear someone mention other than Allah, then do not eat it. If you do not hear that, then Allah has allowed you that and He knows their disbelief." The like of this is also mentioned from 'Ali.

Al-Hasan and Ibrahim said that there is nothing wrong in eating animals slaughtered by an uncircumcised person.

Ibn 'Abbas said that "their food" means their slaughtered animals.

5189. It related that 'Abdullah ibn Mughaffal said, "While we were laying siege to the fortress of Khaybar, someone threw a skin full of fat and I leapt to take it. I turned and there was the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I was too embarrassed to do it."

XXIII. Animals which run away are like wild animals

Ibn Mas'ud permitted that.

Ibn 'Abbas said, "If you cannot catch domestic animals you own, then they are like game. If a camel falls into a well, slaughter it by whatever part of it you can reach.*

[*Note. That is the view of three imams: Abu Hanifa, ash-Shafi'i and Ahmad ibn Hanbal. Malik said that it is only permitted to slaughter it in the neck.]

'Ali, Ibn 'Umar and 'A'isha held that view.

5190. It is related that Rafi' ibn Khadij said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, we will meet the enemy tomorrow and we have no knives.' He said, 'Hurry (or Be quick). If it makes the blood flow and the Name of Allah has been mentioned, then eat. Do not [slaughter] with a tooth or nail. I will tell you about that. A tooth is a bone and the nail is the knife of the Abyssinians.' We got some camels and sheep and one of the camels fled. There were few horses among the people. They went after it until they became exhausted. One of the men shot an arrow at it and stopped it. Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Some of these camels are wild like wild animals. If you lose control over any of them, then do as this man did.'"

XXIV. Slaughter performed by nahr and normal slaughtering (dhabh)

Ibn Jurayj said, "'Ata' said, 'There is no dhabh or nahr except in the place where dhabh or nahr is performed.' I asked, 'Is it permitted to use dhabh on that which is normally slaughtered by means of nahr.' 'Yes,' he replied, 'Allah mentions the dhabh of cattle. If you use dhabh on something which is normally slaughtered by nahr, that is allowed. I prefer nahr. Dhabh is cutting the jugular veins.' I asked, 'Should he go beyond the veins and cut the spinal cord?' He said, 'I do not think so.'"

Nafi' reported that Ibn 'Umar forbade cutting into the spinal cord. He said, "That is cutting less than the bone and then leaving the animal to die."

[Nahr is cutting the veins which are cut in dhabh, but below the neck by stabbing with a spear. Camels are slaughtered in this manner. Dhabh is cutting the veins at the top (in the neck) and is used for other animals.]

The words of Allah Almighty, "And when Musa said to his people, 'Allah commands you to sacrifice a cow (by dhabh).'" (2:67)

And His words, "So they sacrificed her [by dhabh] – but they almost did not do it." (2:71)

Sa'id said that Ibn 'Abbas said, "Dhabh is done by cutting the gullet and the throat."

Ibn 'Umar, Ibn 'Abbas and Anas said, "If one cuts off the head, there is no harm."

5191. It is related from Fatima bint al-Mundhir, the wife of 'Urwa, that Asma' bint Abi Bakr said, "We slaughtered a horse by nahr in the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and ate it."

5192. It is related that Asma' said, "In the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, we slaughtered a horse (by dhabh) in Madina and ate it."

5193. It is related that Asma' ibn Abi Bakr said, "In the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, we slaughtered a horse (by dhabh) and ate it."

Waki' and Ibn 'Uyayna corroborated nahr from Hisham.

XXV. What is disliked of mutilation of live animals, setting up animals in a cage as a target and tying up live animals as targets

5194. It is related that Hisham ibn Zayd said, "I went with Anas to al-Hakam ibn Ayyub. He saw some boys or lads who had set up a chicken and were shooting at it. Anas said, 'The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade tying up animals so that they could be shot at [and killed]."

5195. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that he visited Yahya ibn Sa'id and one of Yahya's sons had tied up a chicken and was shooting at it. Ibn 'Umar went and untied it. Then he brought it and the boy and said, "Prevent your boy from tying up these birds to kill them. I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade tying up animals so that they could be shot at and killed."

5196. It is related that Sa'id ibn Jubayr said, "While I was with Ibn 'Umar, we passed by some young men or a group who had set up a chicken at which they were shooting. When they saw Ibn 'Umar, they ran off. Ibn 'Umar said, 'Who did this? The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, cursed those who did this.'"

It is corroborated from al-Minhal from Sa'id that Ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, cursed the one who mutilated a live animal [by cutting off part of it while it was still alive]."

'Adi reported it from Sa'id from Ibn 'Abbas from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

5197. It is related that 'Adi ibn Thabit said, "I heard 'Abdullah ibn Yazid report that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade robbery and mutilation of live animals."

XXVI. The meat of chickens

5198. It is related that Abu Musa al-Ash'ari said, "I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, eating chicken."

5199. It is related that Zahdam said, "We were with Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, and there was friendship between us and this tribe of Jarm. He was brought some food which contains chicken meat. There was a man with a red complexion sitting there who did not go near the food. Abu Musa said, 'Come near! I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, eat it.' He replied, 'I saw it eat something filthy and I have taken an oath not to eat it.' He said, 'Come and I will inform – or tell – you about that. I came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, among the group of the Ash'arites, which happened to be at a time when he was angry. He was dividing up some of the zakat camels. We asked him to give us mounts and he swore that he would not give us mounts. He said, 'I have nothing to let you ride.' Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was brought some camels as booty and asked, 'Where are the Ash'arites? Where are the Ash'arites?' He gave us five camels with white humps. We went a short distance and I said to my companions, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forgot his oath. By Allah, if we take advantage of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forgetting his oath, we will never be successful!' So we went back to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, you gave us mounts when you swore that you would not give us mounts. We think that you have forgotten your oath.' He answered, 'It is Allah who has given you mounts. By Allah, if Allah wills, I will never make an oath and then see something better than it without doing the thing that is better and then doing expiation for it.'"

XXVII. Horse-meat

5200. It is related that Asma' said, "We slaughtered a horse by nahr in the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and ate it."

5201. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "On the Day of the conquest of Khaybar, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the meat of donkeys, but made an allowance for horse-meat."

XXVIII. The meat of domestic donkeys

It is related from Salama from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

5202. It is related from Salim and Nafi' from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the flesh of domestic donkeys on the Day of Khaybar.

It is related  from Nafi' that 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the flesh of domestic donkeys."

Ibn al-Mubarak corroborated it from 'Ubaydullah from Nafi'. Abu Usama mentioned it from 'Ubaydullah from Salim.

5203. It is related that 'Ali said, "In the year of Khaybar, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the mu'ta marriage and the flesh of domestic donkeys."

5204. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "On the Day of the conquest of Khaybar, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the meat of donkeys, but made an allowance for horse-meat."

5205. It is related that al-Bara' and Ibn Abi Awfa said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the flesh of donkeys."

5206. It is related from Abu Idris that Abu Tha'laba said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made the meat of domestic donkeys haram."

Az-Zubaydi and 'Uqayl corroborated it from Ibn Shihab.

5207. It is related from az-Zuhri that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade every beast of prey with fangs.

5208. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that someone came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "The donkeys have been eaten." Then someone else came to him and said, "The donkeys have been eaten." Then someone else came to him and said, "The donkeys have been destroyed." Then he commanded a caller to call out among the people, "Allah and His Messenger have forbidden you the meat of domestic donkeys. It is impure." So the pots were tipped out while the meat were boiling in them.

5209. It is related that 'Amr said, "I said to Jabir ibn Zayd, 'They claim that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade donkey's meat.' He said, 'Al-Hakam ibn 'Amr al-Ghifari used to say that when he was with us in Basra, but the great scholar, Ibn 'Abbas, refused to say that and recited, "Say: 'I do not find, in what has been revealed to me, any food unlawful to be eaten except for carrion, flowing blood, and pork...'" (6:145)'"

XXIX. Eating beasts of prey with fangs

5210. It is related from Abu Idris al-Khawlani from Abu Tha'laba that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade every wild animal with fangs.

Yunus, Ma'mar, Ibn 'Uyayna and al-Majishun corroborated it from az-Zuhri.

XXX. The skins of carrion

5211. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by a dead sheep and asked, "Why don't you use its skin?" They replied, "It is carrion." He said, "It is only forbidden to eat it."

5212. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas was hear to say, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by a dead goat and said, "There is nothing wrong in its people using its skin."

XXXI. Musk

5213. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is no one who is wounded in the Way of Allah but that he will come on the Day of Rising with his wound bleeding. It will be the colour of blood but have the smell of musk."

5214. It is related from Abu Musa that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The metaphor of a good companion and a bad companion is that of someone possessing musk and the bellows of the blacksmith. From someone possessing musk you either buy it or smell its scent while the bellows of the blacksmith either burn your body or your clothes or you smell a foul odour from them."

XXXII. Rabbits

5215. It is related that Anas said, "We made a rabbit bolt from its hole at Marr az-Zahran and the people ran after it but got tired. I caught it and brought it to Abu Talha. He sent its haunch – or its thighs – to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he accepted that."

XXXIII. Lizards

5216. 'Abdullah ibn Dinar said, "I heard Ibn 'Umar say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I neither eat lizards nor prohibit that."

5217. 'Abdullah ibn al-'Abbas reported that Khalid ibn al-Walid went to the house of Maymuna with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. [He said], "A roasted lizard was brought and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stretched his hand to it. One of the women said, 'Tell the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, what he is about to eat.' They said, 'It is lizard, Messenger of Allah.' He removed his hand and I asked, 'Is it haram, Messenger of Allah?' 'No,' he answered, 'but it is not found in the land of my people and I find that I dislike it.'" Khalid said, "I pulled it to me and ate it while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was looking at me."

XXXIV. When a mouse falls into solid or liquid ghee

5218. Ibn 'Abbas reported from Maymuna that a mouse fell into some ghee and died. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about it and he said, "Throw it away along with what is around it, and eat the rest."

It was said to Sufyan, "Ma'mar related it from az-Zuhri from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab from Abu Hurayra." He said, "I only heard az-Zuhri say that it was from 'Ubaydullah from Ibn 'Abbas from Maymuna from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I heard it from him several times."

5219. It is related from az-Zuhri about an animal which died in oil or ghee, solid or not solid, be it a mouse or another animal that he said, "It reached us that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded when a mouse died in ghee that what was close to it be thrown away and the rest eaten."

It is from the hadith of 'Ubaydullah ibn 'Abdullah.

5220. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that Maymuna said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about a mouse which had fallen into ghee and he said, 'Throw it away along with what is around it and eat the rest.'"

XXXV. Branding and marking the faces

5221. It is related from Salim that Ibn 'Umar disliked marking the face.

Ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade striking [the face.]

Qutayba corroborated it from al-'Anqazi from Hanzala, saying, "striking the face."

5222. It is related that Anas said, "I brought a brother of mine to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, so that he could do tahnik (rub his gums with a chewed date). He was in a sheep-pen of his and I saw him branding a sheep." I reckon that he said, "on the ear."

XXXVI. When some people obtain booty and then some of them slaughter some sheep or camels without the permission of their companions, that should not be eaten

This is based on a hadith of Rafi' from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

Tawus and 'Ikrima said about a slaughtered stolen animal, "Throw it away."

5223. It is related that Rafi' ibn Khadij said, "I said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'We will meet the enemy tomorrow and not have any knives.' He said, 'Use whatever makes the blood flow and eat it when the Name of Allah has been mentioned over it as long as it is not a tooth or nail, and I will tell you about that. A tooth is a bone and the nail is the knife of the Abyssinians.' Some hasty people got ahead and took some booty while the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was behind the people. They had set up pots and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered that they be tipped out. He divided the animals between them and made one camel equal to ten sheep. Then a camel belonging to the first group of people ran away and they had no horses with them. A man shot an arrow at it and Allah stopped it. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Some of these animals are wild like wild animals. If one of them does this, then do as this man did.'"

XXXVII. When a camel belonging to some people runs away and one of them shoots an arrow at it and kills it intending their benefit, that is permitted

It is based on a report of Rafi' from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

5224. It is related that Rafi' ibn Khadij said, "We were with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on a journey and one of the camels ran away. A man shot it with an arrow an stopped it. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Some of them are wild like wild beasts. If you loose control over them, then do as this man did.'" He said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, when we are on expeditions or journeys, we want to slaughter but have no knives.' He said, 'Listen, use what males the blood flow and mention the Name of Allah and then eat it, unless it is a tooth or a nail. The tooth is a bone and the nail is the Abyssinian knife.'"

XXXVIII. What someone compelled by necessity can eat

By the words of the Almighty, "You who believe! Eat of the good things We have provided for you and show thanks to Allah if you worship Him alone. He has only forbidden you carrion, blood and pork and what has been consecrated to other than Allah. But anyone who is forced to eat it – without desiring it or going to excess in it – commits no crime." (2:172-173)

He says, "But if anyone is forced by hunger, not intending any wrongdoing..." (5:3)

His words, "Eat that over which the name of Allah has been mentioned, if you believe in His Signs. What is the matter with you that you do not eat that over which the name of Allah has been mentioned, when He has made plain to you what He has forbidden you – except when you are forced to eat it? Many people misguide others by their whims and desires without any knowledge. Your Lord knows best those who overstep the limits." (6:118-119)

"Say: 'I do not find, in what has been revealed to me, any food unlawful to be eaten except for carrion, flowing blood, and pork – for that is unclean – or some deviance consecrated to other than Allah. But if anyone is forced to eat it, without desiring to or going to excess in it, your Lord is Ever-Forgiving, Most Merciful.'" (6:145)

"So eat from what Allah has provided for you, lawful and good, and be thankful for the blessing of Allah if it is truly Him you worship. He has forbidden you carrion, blood and pork and anything consecrated to other than Allah. But if someone is forced to eat it, without desiring to or going to excess in it, your Lord is Ever-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (16:114-115)

Chapter 76. Book of Sacrifices

I. The sunna of sacrifice (adhiyya)*

[*The animals sacrificed on 'Id al-Adha at the end of the hajj.]

Ibn 'Umar said that is a sunna and charity.

5225. It is related that al-Bara' said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The first thing we do on this day of ours is pray and then we go back and slaughter. Whoever does that has followed our Sunna. Whoever sacrifices before the prayer, that is just meat which he has presented to his family and it is not a hajj rite at all.' Abu Burda ibn Dinar, who had slaughtered, stood up and said, 'I have a young she-goat.' He said, 'Slaughter it, but it will not be enough for anyone after you.'"

'Amir reported that al-Bara' said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Anyone who slaughters after the prayer has completed his rite and followed the sunna of the Muslims."

5226. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If someone slaughters before the prayer, he was slaughtered for himself. If someone slaughters after the prayer, he has completed his rite and followed the sunna of the Muslims."

II. The imam distributing the sacrifices among the people

5227. It is related that 'Uqba ibn 'Amir al-Juhani said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, distributed the sacrifices between his Companions and 'Uqba got a young she-goat. I said, 'Messenger of Allah, do I get a young she-goat?' He said, 'Sacrifice it.'"

III. Sacrifices on behalf of travellers and women

5228. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to her since she had menstruated at Sarif before entering Makka. She was weeping and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked, "What is the matter? Have you started your period?" "Yes," she replied. He said, "This is something that Allah has decreed for the daughters of Adam, so do everything that someone on hajj does but do not do tawaf of the House." She said, "When we were at Mina, I was brought some beef and I asked, 'What is this?' They said, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sacrificed a cow on behalf of his wives.'"

IV. Meat which is desired on the Day of Sacrifice

5229. Ibn Sirin related that Anas ibn Malik said, "Anyone who has sacrificed before the prayer should sacrifice again. A man stood up and said, 'This is a day when meat is desired,' and he mentioned some of his neighbours. 'I have a young she-goat which is dearer to me than the meat of two sheep.' So the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave him a dispensation to sacrifice that. I do not know whether the dispensation extended to other than him or not. Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to two rams and slaughtered them and the people went to some sheep and divided them – or distributed – them."

V. The one who says that al-Adha is the Day of Sacrifice

5230. It is related from from Abu Bakra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Time has continued cyclically in the same way since the day Allah created the heavens and the earth. The year is twelve months, four of which are sacred. Three are consecutive: Dhu'l-Qa'da, Dhu'l-Hijja and al-Muharram, and there is Rajab of Mudar which is between Jumada and Sha'ban. What month is this?" We said, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He was silent so that we thought that he might call it something different. He said, "Is this not Dhu'l-Hijja?" We said, "Indeed." He said, "What town is this?" We said, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He was silent so that we thought that he might call it something different. He said, "Is this not the town?" We said, "Indeed." He said, "What day is this?" We said, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He was silent so that we thought that he might call it something different. He said, "Is this not the Day of Sacrifice?" We said, "Indeed." He said, "Your blood and your property [Muhammad said, "And I think that he also said, 'your honour"] are sacred to you, like the sacredness of this day in this month in this place. You will meet your Lord and He will ask you about your actions. So do not revert to misguidance after I have gone, cutting each other's throats. Let those who are present convey to those who are absent. Perhaps the one to whom it is conveyed will retain it better than those who heard it." [When Muhammad mentioned it, he used to say, "The Prophet may Allah bless him and grant him peace, spoke the truth."] Then he said, "Have I not conveyed it? Have I not conveyed it?"

VI. Adha and slaughtering at the prayer place

5231. It is related that Nafi' said, "'Abdullah used to slaughter at the slaughter place." 'Ubaydullah said, "He means the slaughter place of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

5232. It is related from Nafi' that Ibn 'Umar said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to slaughter and sacrifice at the place of the prayer."

VII. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, slaughtered two horned rams, and it is mentioned that they were fat

Abu Umama ibn Sahl said, "We used to fatten sacrifices in Madina, and the Muslims used to fatten them."

5233. It is related that 'Abdu'l-'Aziz ibn Suhayl said that he heard Anas ibn Malik say, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to sacrifice two rams. I used to sacrifice two rams.

5234. Abu Qilaba related that Anas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to two black and white horned rams and slaughtered them with his own hands."

Wuhayb corroborated it from Ayyub. Isma'il and Hatim ibn Wardan said that it from Ayyub from Ibn Sirin.

5235. It is related from 'Uqba ibn 'Amir that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave him some sheep to distribute between his Companions as sacrifices. A yearling kid remained. He mentioned it to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said, 'You yourself sacrifice it.'"

VIII. The words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Sacrifice a young goat, but it will not be enough for anyone after you."

5236. It is related that al-Bara' ibn 'Azib said, "A maternal uncle of mine called Abu Burda sacrificed before the prayer and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, 'Your sheep is just meat.' He said, 'Messenger of Allah, in my house I have a young kid.' He said, 'Slaughter it, but that will not be enough for anyone else.' Then he said, 'If someone slaughters before the prayer, he has slaughtered for himself. If someone slaughters after the prayer, he has completed his rite and followed the sunna of the Muslims."

'Ubayda corroborated it from ash-Sha'bi and Ibrahim. Waki' corroborated it from Hurayth from ash-Sha'bi. 'Asim and Dawud quoted from ash-Sha'bi, "I have a young goat." Zubayd and Firas have from ash-Sha'bi, "I have a yearling kid." Abu'l-Ahwas said that Mansur reported to him, "a young yearling goat." Ibn 'Awn said, "a young goat."

5237. It is related that al-Bara' said, "Abu Burda slaughtered before the prayer and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, told him, 'Do another in its place.' He said, 'I only have a young goat." (Shu'ba said, 'I reckon that he said, 'It is better than an old sheep enough for anyone after you.'"

It is related from Anas from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he said, "a young yearling goat".

IX. The one who slaughters the sacrificial animals with his own hand

5238. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, slaughtered two black and white rams. I saw him place his foot on their sides, say the Name of Allah and the takbir and then slaughter them with his own hand."

X. Someone slaughtering the sacrifice of another person

A man helped Ibn 'Umar with his camel.

Abu Musa ordered his daughters to sacrifice with their own hands.

5239. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to her at Sarif when I was weeping. He asked, 'What is the matter? Have you started your period?' 'Yes,' she replied. He said, "This is something that Allah has decreed for the daughters of Adam, so do everything that someone on hajj does but do not do tawaf of the House." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sacrificed some cows on behalf of his wives."

XI. Slaughtering after the prayer

5240. It is related that al-Bara' said, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, giving a khutba and he said, 'The first thing we do on this day of ours is pray and then we go back and slaughter. Whoever does that has followed our Sunna. If someone sacrifices before the prayer, that is just meat which he has presented to his family and it is not a hajj rite at all.' Abu Burda said, 'Messenger of Allah, I slaughtered before I prayed. I have a young she-goat which is better than an old one.' He said, 'Slaughter it in its place, but it will not be enough - or fulfil it – for anyone after you.'"

XII. Whoever slaughters before the prayer should sacrifice another in its place

5241. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever slaughters before the prayer should repeat it." A man said, "This is a day when meat is desired," and he mentioned some of his neighbours. It seemed that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, excused him. He said, "I have a young she-goat which is dearer to me than the meat of two sheep." So the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave him the dispensation to sacrifice that. I do not know whether the dispensation extended to other than him or not. Then the Prophet* went to two rams and slaughtered them and the people went to some sheep and slaughtered them."

5242. It is related that Jundub ibn Sufyan al-Bajali said, "On the Day of Sacrifice I was present when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Anyone who has sacrificed before the prayer should sacrifice another in its place. Anyone who has not yet sacrificed should sacrifice.'"

5243. It is related that al-Bara' said, "One day the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed and then said, 'Whoever prays our prayer and faces our qibla should not slaughter until he finishes.' Abu Burda ibn Niyar said, 'Messenger of Allah! I have already done it!' He said, 'That is something you have done before its time.' He said, 'I have a young goat which is better than two old sheep. Shall I slaughter it?' 'Yes,' he answered, 'but it will not be enough for anyone after you.'" 'Amir said, "It was the best of the two sacrifices."

XIII. Placing the foot on the side of the animal being slaughtered

5244. Qatada related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to sacrifice two black and white horned rams. He placed his foot on their sides and then slaughtered them with his own hand.

XIV. Saying the takbir when slaughtering

5245. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sacrificed two black and white horned rams. He slaughtered them with his own hand. He said the Name of Allah and the takbir and placed his foot on their sides."

XV. When someone sends his sacrificial camels to be slaughtered, he has no state of ihram

5246. It is related from ash-Sha'bi that Masruq went to 'A'isha and said to her, "Umm al-Mu'minin, there is a man who sends the sacrificial camels to the Ka'ba while he remains in his city and gives instructions that his camels be garlanded and then he remains in ihram from that day people come out of ihram." He said, "I could hear her clap from behind the screen. Then she said, 'I used to plait the garlands of the sacrificial camels of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He would send his camels to the Ka'ba, but nothing was unlawful to him which is lawful for a man to do with his wife until the people returned [i.e. he did not assume a state of ihram].'"

XVI. What is eaten of the meat of sacrificial animals and provision taken from that

5247. It is related that 'Ata' heard Jabir ibn 'Abdullah say, "We used to take provisions from the meat of sacrifices in the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, as far as Madina." He said more than once, "The meat of the hadys."

5248. Al-Qasim related that Ibn Khabbab heard Abu Sa'id recount that he was absent and then, when he arrived, some meat was offered to him. They said, "This is part of the meat of our sacrifices." He said, Take it away! I will not taste it!" He said, "Then I got up and went out and went to my brother Abu Qatada (they were brothers through their mother, and he was one of those who had been at Badr) and mentioned that to him, and he said, 'A command was given while you were away."

5249. Yazid ibn Abi 'Ubayd related from Salama ibn al-Akwa' that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever of you sacrifices should not still have any of it with him in his house after three days." The following year they asked, "Messenger of Allah, should we do what we did last year?" He answered, 'Eat, feed others and store it. That year the people were experiencing hardship and I wanted you to help them."

5250. It is related from 'Amra bint 'Abdu'r-Rahman that 'A'isha said, "We used to salt some of the meat of sacrifices and bring it to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in Madina. He said, 'Do not eat from it for more than three days.' That was not a definitive prohibition, but he wanted the people to be fed from it, and Allah knows best.'"

5251. it is related from Abu 'Ubayd, the mawla of Ibn Azhar, that he was present at the 'Id al-Adha with 'Umar ibn al-Khattab. 'Umar prayed before the khutba and then addressed the people, saying. "O people! The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade you to fast on these two 'Ids. One is the Day of Fitr, when you break your fast. The other is the day when you eat your sacrifices."

Abu 'Ubayd said, "Then I was present with 'Uthman ibn 'Affan. It was on a Friday and he prayed before the khutba and then addressed the people, saying, 'O people! This is a day in which you have two 'ids. Whoever of the people of al-'Awali* who wants to wait for Jumu'a should wait, and I have given permission to whoever wants to return."

Abu 'Ubayd said, "Then I was present with 'Ali ibn Abi Talib and he prayed before the khutba and then addressed the people, saying. 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, has forbidden you to eat from the meat of your sacrifices for more than three days.'"

The like of it is related from Ma'mar from az-Zuhri from Abu 'Ubayd.

[al-'Awali: the towns next to Madina to the east.]

5252. It is related from Salim from 'Abdullah Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Eat from the sacrifices for three days." When 'Abdullah left Mina, he used to eat oil [and bread] to avoid the meat of sacrifices.

Chapter 77. The Book of Drinks

The words of Allah Almighty, "Wine, gambling, stone altars and divining arrows are filth from the handiwork of Shaytan. Avoid them completely so that perhaps you may be successful." (5:90)

5253. It is related from Nafi' from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If anyone drinks wine in this world and then does not repent of it, he will be deprived of it in the Next World."

5254. It is related that Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab heard from Abu Hurayra report that during the Night Journey, at Jerusalem the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was brought two cups, one of wine and one of milk. He looked at them and then took the milk. Jibril said, "Praise be to Allah who has guided you to the natural form! If you had taken the wine, your community would have erred."

Ma'mar, Ibn al-Hadi, 'Uthman ibn 'Umar and az-Zubaydi corroborated it from az-Zuhri.

5255. Qatada related that Anas said, "I heard a hadith from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which none other than me will relate to you. He said, "Among the signs of the Final Hour are the appearance of ignorance, lessening of knowledge, the appearance of fornication, drinking of wine, and men decreasing and women increasing until there will be one man to care for fifty women.'"

5256. It is related from Abu Salama ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman and Ibn Musayyab that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A fornicator is not a believer at the moment he fornicates, someone who drinks wine is not a believer at the moment he drinks, and a thief is not a believer at the moment when steals."

5257. Ibn Shihab said, "'Abdu'l-Malik ibn Abi Bakr ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn al-Harith ibn Hisham reported to me that Abu Bakr had narrated it to him from Abu Bakr. Then he said, 'Abu Bakr used to add to this, "He who robs something of value while people's eyes are looking at him, is not a believer at the moment when he robs."

I. Wine made from grapes

5258. It is related from Nafi' that Ibn 'Umar said, "Wine was forbidden when there was none of it in Madina."

5259. It is related from Thabit al-Bunani that Anas said, "At the time when wine was forbidden to us we only found (i.e. in Madina) a little of wine made from grapes. Most of our wine was made from unripe and ripe dates."

5260. 'Amir related from Ibn 'Umar: "'Umar stood on the minbar and said, "Following on from that, the prohibition of wine has been revealed. It has five categories: grape, dates, honey, wheat, and barley. 'Wine' is that which overpowers the mind."

II. The prohibition of wine was revealed when it was being made from unripe and ripe dates

5261. Ishaq ibn 'Abdullah ibn Abi Talha related that Anas ibn Malik said, "I used to serve drink to Abu 'Ubayda, Abu Talha and Ubayy ibn Ka'b. It was date wine made from red dates and ripe dates. Someone came and said, 'Wine has been forbidden.' Abu Talha said, 'Anas, get up and pour it out.' So I poured it out."

5262. It is related that Anas was heard to say, "I was standing in our clan tribe serving drink to my uncles. I was the youngest of them. It was date wine. It was said, 'Wine has been forbidden.' They said, 'Throw it out.' So I threw it out.'" The narrator said, "I asked Anas, 'What was their drink?' He answered, 'Fresh dates and unripe dates.' Abu Bakr ibn Anas said, 'That was their wine.' Anas did not deny it."

One of my companions related to me that he heard Anas ibn Malik say, "That was their wine at that time."

5263. It is related from Bakr ibn 'Abdullah that Anas ibn Malik told him that wine was forbidden, and that the wine at that time was made from unripe and ripe dates.

III. Wine made from honey, which is called mead (bit')

Ma'n said, "I asked Malik ibn Anas about fuqqa' (beer made from raisin or barley) and he said, "If it does not intoxicate, then there is no harm." Ibn ad-Darawardi said, "We asked about it and they said, 'If it does not intoxicate, there is no harm."

5263. It is reported from Abu Salama ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about mead and said, "Every drink which intoxicates is haram."

5264. Abu Salama ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman reported that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about mead, which is fermented honey which the people of Yemen used to drink, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Every drink which intoxicates is haram.'"

5265. Az-Zuhri related from Anas ibn Malik that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do not make nabidh* in gourds or pitch-coated vessels (muzaffat)." Abu Hurayra used to add to them the hantam (a type of green jar) and the naqir (a vessel made from a hollowed piece of palm trunk).

[Nabidh is a drink made from soaking fruit overnight.]

IV. What has come about "Wine is any drink which overpowers the mind"

5266. Ash-Sha'bi related that Ibn 'Umar said, "'Umar spoke on the minbar of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "The prohibition of wine has been revealed. It is made from five things: grapes, dates, wheat, barley and honey. Wine is that which overpowers the mind. I wish that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had not left us until he had given us instructions about three matters: the [inheritance of a] grandfather, the inheritance of the person without heirs (kalala), and some types of usury.'"

He (Abu Hayyan) said, "I said, 'Abu 'Amr [i.e. ash-Sha'bi], what about something made from rice in Sind?' He said, 'That did not exist in the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace," or he said, 'in the time of 'Umar."

It is reported from Abu Hayyan who has "raisins" in place of "grapes".

5267. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that 'Umar said, "Wine is made from five: raisins, dates, wheat, barley and honey."

V. What has come about someone who considers wine to be lawful and calls it by a different name

5268. It is related that Abu 'Amir or Abu Malik al-Ash'ari said (and by Allah, he did not lie to me) that he heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "There will be people from my community who will consider fornication and silk, wine and musical instruments to be lawful. There will be some people who will camp beside a mountain and a poor man will come to them in the evening with some sheep of theirs and ask them for something and they will say, 'Come back to us tomorrow.' Allah will destroy them in the night and the mountain will fall on them and He will change the rest of them into monkeys and pigs until the Day of Rising."

VI. Making nabidh in jars or small vessels made of brass or stone

5269. Abu Hazim reported that he heard Sahl say, "Abu Usayd as-Sa'idi came and then invited the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to his wedding. His wife, who was the bride, served them." He added, "Do you know what she gave the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to drink? She had soaked some dates in a small vessel overnight for him."

VII. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, allowing the use of jars and containers after forbidding them

5270. It is related from Salim that Jabir said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade certain containers. The Ansar said, "We cannot avoid using them." He said, "Use them then."

This is related from Mansur from Salim ibn Abi'l-Ja'd.

Sufyan related this and in it he said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade certain jars..."

5271. Mujahid related from Abu 'Iyad that 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade certain drink containers [for making nabidh], it was said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'Not all people can find waterskins.' So he allowed the use of jars, but not those covered in pitch."

5272. It is related by al-Harith ibn Suwayd from 'Ali that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the the use of gourds and vessels covered in pitch.

This is related from al-A'mash.

5273. It is related that Ibrahim said, "I said to al-Aswad, 'Did you ask 'A'isha, the Umm al-Mu'minin, about what it is disliked to use for the preparation of nabidh?' 'Yes,' he answered. 'I said, "Umm al-Mu'minin, what did the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbid be used for making nabidh?" She answered, "He forbade us, the people of his house, to make nabidh in gourds and vessels covered in pitch." I said, "Did you mention earthernware and hantam (green oiled jars)?" She said, "I relate to you what I heard. Shall I related to you what I did not hear?"'"

5274. Ash-Shaybani said, "I heard 'Abdullah ibn Abi Awfa say, 'The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the use of green jars.' I asked, 'Can we drink from white vessels?' He said, 'No.'"

VIII. Date infusion as long as it is not intoxicating

5275. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd as-Sa'idi said that Abu Usayd as-Sa'idi invited the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to his wedding. His wife served them, and she was the bride on that day. She said, 'Do you know what infusion I made for the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to drink? I soaked some dates in a jar overnight."

IX. al-Badhiq*, and those who forbade all sorts of drinks which intoxicate

[*A drink made from the boiling of the juice of grapes after they have become slightly fermented. It is also called tila']

'Umar, Abu 'Ubayda and Mu'adh thought that tila' was permissible if it was reduced to a third. Al-Bara' and Abu Juhayfa drank it when it was reduced to a half.

Ibn 'Abbas said, "Drink juice when it is still fresh."

'Umar said, "I smelled drink on 'Ubaydullah. I will ask him about it. If it is an intoxicant, then I will flog him."

5276. Sufyan reported that Abu'l-Juwayriya said, "I asked Ibn 'Abbas about badhiq and he said, 'Before there was badhiq, Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made a prohibition: "Whatever intoxicates is unlawful."' He said, 'The lawful wholesome drinks.' And he said, 'After the lawful wholesome drink, there only remains the foul unlawful.'"

5277. 'Urwa related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, liked sweets and honey."

X. The one who thought that one should not mix unripe dates and ripe dates if it is intoxicating, and that two condiments* should not be put in the same dish

[*idam: like dates and raisins or other things. This is because it shows extravagance.]

5278. Hisham related from Qatada that Anas said, "I served Abu Talha, Abu Dujana and Suhayl ibn al-Bayda' a drink which was a mixture of unripe and ripe dates. Then wine was made unlawful and so I threw it away. I was serving them and was the youngest of them. We used to consider that to be wine."

'Amr ibn al-Harith reported that Qatada heard Anas...

5279. 'Ata' reported that he heard Jabir say, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade [mixing] raisins, dates, unripe dates, and fresh dates [in making nabidh]."

[Note: the speed with the drink becomes intoxicating is thereby increased.]

5280. It is related that Abu Qatada said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade mixing ripe and unripe dates or dates and raisons [for making nabidh], and said the nabidh of each of them should be made separately."

XI. Drinking milk

The words of Allah, "From between the dung and blood, We give you pure milk to drink, easy for drinkers to swallow." (16:66)

5281. Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab related that Abu Hurayra said, "On the Night Journey, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was brought a cup of milk and a cup of wine..."

5282. It is related from 'Umayr, the client of Umm al-Fadl, that Umm al-Fadl said, "The people were unsure about whether the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was fasting on the Day of 'Arafa, so I sent him a vessel containing milk and he drank." Sufyan [one of the transmitters] might have said, "The people were unsure about whether the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was fasting on the Day of 'Arafa, so Umm al-Fadl sent to him..." When he was asked about it [i.e. whether it is mursal or directly connected), he said, "It is from Umm al-Fadl."

5283. Abu Salih and Abu Sufyan related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "Abu Humayd brought a cup of milk from an-Naqi'* and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, 'Will you not cover it, even if you only put a stick over it?'"

[an-Naqi' is a place in wadi of al-'Aqiq.]

Abu Salih related that Jabir said, "Abu Humayd, a man of the Ansar, brought a cup of milk from an-Naqi' to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Will you not cover it, even if you only put a stick over it?'"

Abu Sufyan related this from Jabir from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

5284. Abu Ishaq said that he heard al-Bara' say, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came from Makka with Abu Bakr. Abu Bakr said, 'We passed by a shepherd and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was thirsty.' Abu Bakr said, "I milked a little milk into a cup and he drank so that I was pleased. Suraqa ibn Ju'shum came to us on a horse and the Prophet invoked against him. Then Suraqa asked him not to invoke against him and he would go back. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did that."

5285. 'Abdu'r-Rahman related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The best sadaqa is a camel which has recently given birth and has abundant milk and a sheep with a lot of milk, giving a bowl in the morning and a bowl in the evening."

5286. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, drank milk and rinsed out his mouth and said, "It contains fat."

5287. Qatada related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I was taken up to the Lote Tree and there were four rivers. Two rivers were on the top and two were hidden. The two on top were the Nile and the Euphrates and the two hidden are two rivers in the Garden. I was given three cups: a cup of milk, a cup of honey, and a cup of wine. I took the one containing milk and drank it. I was told, 'You and your community have hit on the natural form.'"

It is related from Qatada from Anas ibn Malik from Malik ibn Sa'sa'a from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, the like of what he said about the rivers, but he did not mention the three cups.

XII. Seeking sweet water

5288. It is related from Ishaq ibn 'Abdullah that he heard Anas ibn Malik say, "Abu Talha had more palm trees than any of the Ansar in Madina. His favourite property was Bayruha' which was opposite the mosque. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to enter it and drink its sweet water. When it was revealed: 'You will not attain true goodness until you give of what you love' (3:93), Abu Talha got up and said, 'Messenger of Allah, Allah says, "You will not attain true goodness until you give of what you love." The property I love the best is Bayruha'. It is sadaqa for Allah whose kindness I hope for, and I hope that it will be stored up for me with Allah. Messenger of Allah, dispose of it in whatever way Allah shows you is best.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Excellent! That is a profitable (rabih or rayih. ('Abdullah was unsure about which word)) property. I have heard what you have said about it and I think that you should give it to your relatives.' Abu Talha said, 'I will do that, Messenger of Allah!' So Abu Talha divided it up among his relatives and cousins."

Isma'il and Yahya ibn Yahya said, "rayih".

XIII. Drinking milk mixed with water

5289. Az-Zuhri related that Anas ibn Malik reported to him that he saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, drink milk when he came to his house. [He said,] "I milked a sheep and then mixed it with water from the well for the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He took the cup and drank. Abu Bakr was at his left and a bedouin at his right. He gave what was left to the bedouin and then said, 'The right first. The right first.'"

5290. Sa'id ibn al-Harith related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, visited a man of the Ansar with a companion of his. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, "Do you have any water which you have kept overnight in a skin? Otherwise we will drink straight from the water." He said, "The man was watering his garden and the man said, 'Messenger of Allah. I have some water which has been kept overnight. Go to the shed.' He took them both there and poured the water into a cup and then milked a sheep of his which he kept at home. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, drank and then the man who had come with him drank,'"

XIV. Drinking sweets and honey

Az-Zuhri said, "It is not lawful to drink the urine of people in case of some need which occurs, since it is impurity. Allah Almighty says, "All good things are lawful for you..." (5:4)

Ibn Mas'ud said about intoxicants, "Allah has not placed your healing in that which He has forbidden you."

5291. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to like sweets and honey."

XV. Drinking while standing

5292. An-Nazzal said, "'Ali came to the door of the courtyard and drank water while standing. He said, 'Some people dislike drinking while standing but I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, do what you saw me doing.'"

5293. An-Nazzal ibn Sabra related from 'Ali prayed Zuhr and then sat in the courtyard of the mosque of Kufa to settle the needs of people until it was time for the 'Asr prayer. Then some water was brought and he drank and washed his face and hands, and his head and feet. Then he stood and drank what was left while he was standing. Then he said, "Some people dislike drinking standing but the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to do the like of what I did."

5294. Ash-Sha'bi related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, drank from Zamzam while standing."

XVI. The one drank while stopped on his camel

5295. It is related from 'Umayr, the client of Ibn 'Abbas that Umm al-Fadl bint al-Harith sent the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a cup of milk while he was stopped in the evening of 'Arafa. He took it in his hand and drank it."

Malik added from Abu'n-Nadir, "On his camel".

XVII. Passing to the person on right in drinking

5296. Ibn Shihab related from Anas ibn Malik that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was given some milk mixed with water when there was a bedouin on his right and Abu Bakr on his left. He drank and then gave it to the bedouin, saying, "The right, the right.'"

XVIII. Can a man ask permission of the one on his right to give the drink to someone who is older?

5297. Abu Hazim ibn Dinar related from Sahl ibn Sa'd that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was brought a drink and drank from it. There was a boy on his right and some old men on his left. He asked the boy, 'Will you give me permission to give it to these people?'" The boy said, "By Allah, Messenger of Allah, I will not give anyone else my portion from you." Sahl said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put it in his hand."

XIX. Drinking water directly from a water basin

5298. Sa'id ibn al-Harith related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, visited a one of the Ansar with a companion. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and his companion greeted him and the man returned the greeting and said, 'Messenger of Allah, may my father and mother be your ransom. This is a hot time.' The man was watering his garden. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Do you have water kept overnight in a skin? Otherwise we will drink directly from the water.' The man was watering his garden and the man said, 'Messenger of Allah, I have some water kept overnight on a skin.' He went to the shed and poured some water in a cup and then milked some milk from a sheep of his he kept at home. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, drank and then returned it, and the man who had come with him drank."

XX. The young serving the old

5299. Anas was heard to say, "I was standing in our clan tribe serving drink to my uncles. I was the youngest of them. I was serving date wine. It was said, 'Wine has been forbidden.' He said, 'Pour it out.' We poured it out." I said to Anas, 'What was their drink?' He said, 'Fresh dates and unripe dates." Abu Bakr ibn Anas said, "That was their wine." Anas did not object. One of my companions relatd to me that he heard Anas say. "That was their wine on that day."

XXI. Covering vessels

5300. 'Ata' related that he heard Jabir ibn 'Abdullah say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'When the night darkens, or it is evening, then keep your children close. The Shaytans spread at that time. When an hour of the night has gone, then let them go, Lock the doors and mention the name of Allah. Shaytan does not open a locked door. Tie up waterskins and mention the Name of Allah. Cover up containers and mention the Name of Allah, even by putting something across it. Put out your lamps.'"

5301. 'Ata' related from Jabir that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Put out the lamps when you go to bed, close the doors, tie up the waterskins, and cover food and drinks," and I think that he said, "even with a stick you put over it."

XXII. Turning the mouths of waterskins inside out

5302. 'Ubaydullah ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Utba related that Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade turning the mouths of waterskins inside out," i.e. breaking their mouths in order to drink from them.

5303. 'Ubaydullah ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Utba related that he heard Abu Sa'id al-Khudri say, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbid turning the mouths of waterskins inside out." Ma'mar or someone else said that it means drinking from their mouths."

XXIII. Drinking from the mouth of a waterskin

5304. Ayyub said, "'Ikrima said to us, 'Shall I tell you a few short things which Abu Hurayra related to us? The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade drinking from the mouth of a waterskin or water bag and he forbade preventing a neighbour from putting a peg into the wall of his house."

5305. 'Ikrima related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade drinking from the mouth of a waterskin."

5306. It is related by 'Ikrima that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade drinking from the mouth of a waterskin."

XXIV. Forbidding blowing into vessels

5307. It is related that Abu Qatada said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of you drinks, he should not breathe into the vessel. When one of you urinates, he should not wash his penis with his right hand. When one of you washes himself [in the lavatory], he should not so so with his right hand."

XXV. Breathing twice or three times while drinking

5308. It is related that Thumama ibn 'Abdullah said, "Anas used to breathe two or three times while drinking from a vessel, and he stated that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to take three breaths."

XXVI. Drinking from gold vessels

5309. It is related that Ibn Abi Layla said, "While Hudhayfa was in Mada'in, he asked for water. The chief brought him a silver cup and he threw it away and said, 'I only threw it away because I forbade him and he did not stop. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade us silk and silk brocade, and to drink from gold or silver vessels. He said, 'They are for them in this world and they are for you in the Next World.'"

XXVII. Silver vessels

5310. It is related that Ibn Abi Layla said, "We went out with Hudhayfa and he mentioned that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had said, "Do not drink from gold or silver vessels and do not wear silk or silk brocade. They are for them in this world and they are for you in the Next World."

5311. 'Abdullah ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr as-Siddiq related from Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Someone who drinks from a silver vessel is gulping the fire of Hellfire into his belly."

5312. Mu'awiya ibn Suwayd reported that al-Bara' ibn 'Azib said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, instructed us to do seven things and forbade us seven. He instructed us to visit the sick, to join funeral processions, to bless people who sneeze, to accept invitations, to return the greeting, to help the wronged and to fulfil oaths. He forbade us gold rings, drinking from silver vessels, silk saddle cloths, qissi (a silk/cotton mixture), and wearing silk, silk brocade and istabraq silk."

XXVIII. Drinking from cups

5313. 'Umayr, the client of Umm al-Fadl, reported from Umm al-Fadl that they were uncertain about whether the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was fasting on the Day of 'Arafa and so a cup of milk was sent to him and he drank.

XXIX. Drinking from the cup and vessel of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace

Abu Burda said, "'Abdullah ibn Salam said to me, 'Shall I let you drink from a cup from which the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, drank?'"

5314. Abu Hazim related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "An Arab woman* was mentioned to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he ordered Abu Usayd as-Sa'idi to send for her. He sent for her and she came and stayed in the fortress of the Banu Sa'ida. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to her and entered where she was. There was a woman with her head bowed. When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, spoke to her, she said, 'I seek refuge with Allah from you.' He said, 'I give you refuge from me.' They said to her, 'Do you know who this is?' 'No,' she replied. They said, 'This is the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who has come to propose marriage to you.' She said, 'I was very unfortunate in that.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, then went and sat in the veranda of the Banu Sa'ida with his Companions. Then he said, 'Sahl, give us some water.' I brought out this cup to them and let them drink from it." [Abu Hazim said,] "Sahl produced that cup for us and we drank from it."

He said, "Then 'Umar ibn 'Abdu'l-'Aziz later asked him to give it to him, and he gave it to him."

[*This was the Jawniyya woman.]

5315. Abu 'Awana related that 'Asim al-Ahwal said, "I saw the cup of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with Anas ibn Malik. It had broken and he had bound it with silver." He said, "It was a excellent wide cup made of tamarisk wood. Anas said, 'I let the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, drink from this cup for more than such-and-such a time.'"

He said that Ibn Sirin said, "There was an iron ring around it. Anas wanted to replace it with a silver or gold ring, but Abu Talha told him, 'Do not change anything that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had done.' So he left it."

XXX. Drinking for the sake of the blessing and blessed water

5316. This hadith is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He said, "I remember when I was with the Prophetm may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and it was time for the 'Asr prayer. We had no water with us except a bit which was left over. It was put into a vessel and brought to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He put his hand in it and opened out his fingers. Then he said, 'Come, those who want to do wudu'. The blessing is from Allah.' I saw the water gushing from between his fingers. The people did wudu' and drank. I tried to drink more than I could put in my stomach of it because I knew that it was a blessing." Salim ibn Abi'l-Ja'd asked Jabir, "How many of you were there on that day?" He answered, "1400."

'Amr corroborated it from Jabir. Husayn and 'Amr ibn Murra said that it is from Salim from Jabir and is "1500." Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab corroborated it from Jabir.

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