Chapter 70.  Book of Marriage

I. Encouragement to marry

By the words of the Almighty, "Then marry other permissible women." (4:3)

4776. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "A group of three men came to the houses of the wives of the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to ask about how the Prophet worshipped. When they were told, it was as if they thought it was little and said, 'Where are we in relation to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who has been forgiven his past and future wrong actions?'" He said, "One of them said, 'I will pray all of every night.' Another said, 'I will fast all the time and not break the fast.' The other said, "I will withdraw from women and never marry.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to them and said, 'Are you the ones who said such-and-such? By Allah, I am the one among you with the most fear and awareness of Allah, but I fast and break the fast, I pray and I sleep, and I marry women. Whoever disdains my sunna is not with me.'"

4777. It is related by 'Urwa that he asked 'A'isha about the words of the Almighty, "If you are afraid of not behaving justly towards orphans, then marry other permissible women, two, three or four. But if you are afraid of not treating them equally, then only one, or those you own as slaves. That makes it more likely that you will not be unfair." (4:3) 'A'isha said, "Nephew, an orphan girl may be in the care of her guardian who is attracted by her wealth and beauty and then he wants to marry her for a bride-price less than what is customary for someone like her. They were forbidden to marry them unless they are fair to them and give them their full bride-price. They were commanded to marry other women instead."

II. The words of the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Any of you who can afford it should marry. It lowers the eyes and preserves the genitals."

Does someone marry who has no desire for marriage?

4778. It is related that 'Alqama said, "While I was walking with 'Abdullah, 'Uthman met him at Mina and said, 'Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman, I need to speak to you.' They went aside and 'Uthman said, 'Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman, shall we marry you to a virgin who will remind of your past youth?' When 'Abdullah saw that he had not need of this, he gestured to me, saying, ''Alqama!' I went to him when he saying, 'Since you have said this, the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to us, "Company of young men! Any of you who can afford to should marry. It restrains the eye and protects the private parts. Anyone who is unable to should fast. It restrains the appetite."'"

III. "Anyone who cannot marry, should fast"

4779. It is related 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Yazid said, "I visited 'Abdullah with 'Alqama and al-Aswad. 'Abdullah said, 'We were with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when we were young men and had nothing at all. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to us, "Company of young men! Any of you who can afford it should marry. It lowers the eyes and preserves the genitals. Anyone who is unable to should fast. It restrains the appetite."'"

IV. Having several wives

4780. it is related that 'Ata' said, "We attended the funeral of Maymuna at Sarif with Ibn 'Abbas. Ibn 'Abbas said, 'This is the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. When you lift her bier, do not rock or shake it. Be gentle. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had nine wives. He divided nights between eight of them, and one of them* had no turn.'"

[* This was Sawda.]

4781. It is related from Anas: "The Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to go around to all his wives in one night. and he had nine wives."

It is related from Qatada from Anas from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace ...

4782. It is related that Sa'id ibn Jubayr said, "Ibn 'Abbas asked me, 'Have you married?' I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Marry. The best of this community had the greatest number of wives.'"

V. Someone who emigrates or does a good action with the aim of marrying a woman has what he intended

4783. It is related from 'Umar ibn al-Khattab that the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Actions only go by intentions. Everyone gets what they intend. Anyone, therefore, who emigrates to Allah and His Messenger, his emigration is indeed to Allah and His Messenger. But anyone who emigrates to gain something of this world or to marry a woman, his emigration is to that to which he emigrated."

VI. Someone who is poor marrying a woman for what he knows of the Qur'an and being Muslim

Sahl ibn Sa'd mentioned it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

4784. It is related that Ibn Mas'ud said, "We used to go on expeditions with the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, without our wives. We said, 'Messenger of Allah, should we get castrated?' He forbade us to do that."

VII. A man saying to his brother, "See which of my wives you want and I will give her up in your favour."

'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf related it.

4785. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf arrived in Madina and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, established brotherhood between me and Sa'd ibn ar-Rabi' al-Ansari. The Ansari had two wives and he offered to split his wives and property with him. 'Abdu'r-Rahman said, 'May Allah bless you in your family and property. Just show me the market.' He went to the market and made a profit selling dried yoghurt and ghee. The Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw him some days later with a smear of yellow scent on him. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, 'What is this, 'Abdu'r-Rahman?' He replied, 'I have married a woman of the Ansar.' He asked, 'What did you give her?' He answered, 'The weight of a date-stone of gold.' The Prophet said, 'Hold a wedding-feast, even if only with a sheep.'"

VIII. What is disliked of celibacy and castration

4786. Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab said, "I heard Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas say, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade celibacy to 'Uthman ibn Maz'un. If he had allowed that him to do that, we would have had ourselves castrated.'"

Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab reported that he heard Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas say "He (i.e. the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace) forbade 'Uthman ibn Maz'un to do that. If he had allowed him celibacy, we would have had ourselves castrated."

4787. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "We used to go on expeditions with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when we had nothing. We asked, 'Should we get castrated?' He forbade us to do that. Then he made an allowance for us to marry a woman for a price. Then he recited to us: 'O you who believe, do not make unlawful the good things Allah has made lawful for you, and do not overstep the limits. Allah does not love people who overstep the limits.' (5:87)"

4788. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, I am a young man and I fear fornication for myself. I cannot afford to marry women.' He was silent. Then I repeated the like of that and he remained silent. Then I repeated the like of that yet again and he was silent. Then I said the like of that and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Abu Hurayra, The pen is dry, having written what you will encounter, whether you are castrated or not.'"

IX. Marrying virgins

Ibn Abi Mulayka said that Ibn 'Abbas said to 'A'isha, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not marry any virgin besides me."

4789. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, if you were to alight in a valley which had a tree which had been eaten from and a trees which had not been eaten from, on which of them would you graze your camel?' He replied, 'On the one which had not been grazed on before.' By that she meant meant that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had not married a virgin besides her."

4790. It is related that 'A'isha said that the Messenger of Alla, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I saw shown you twice in a dream. A man was carrying you in a silk cloth and said, 'This is your wife.' He uncovered it and it was you. I said, 'If this is from Allah He will bring it about.'"

X. Marrying women who were married previously

Umm Habiba said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, 'Do not offer me your daughters or your sisters.'"

4791. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "While we were returning from an expedition with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, I started to urge on my camel which was slow. A rider caught up to me from behind and poked my camel with a speak he had. My camel started to move like the best camel you could see. It was the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who then asked, 'What makes you hurry?' I said, 'I am newly married.' He asked, 'A virgin or a woman who was married previously?' I replied, 'A woman who was married previously.' He asked, 'Why not a virgin whom you could play with and who could play with you?' When we were about to enter Madina, he said, 'Wait so that you enter at night (i.e. the evening) so that a woman with untidy hair can comb her hair and one whose husband has been absent can shave her pubic hair.'"

4792. Muharib said, "I heard Jabir ibn 'Abdullah say, 'I married and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked me, "What [sort of woman] have you married?" I replied, "A woman previously married. He said, "Don't you like virgins and dallying with them?"' I mentioned that to 'Amr who said, 'I heard Jabir ibn 'Abdullah say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, 'Why not a virgin whom you could play with and who could play with you?'"'"

XI. Marrying young people to old people

4793. It is related from 'Urwa that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked Abu Bakr for 'A'isha's hand in marriage. Abu Bakr said to him, "I am your bother." He said, "You are my brother in the deen of Allah and His Book. She is lawful for me."

XII. Who should one marry? Which sort of woman is best? What sort women it is recommended to choose for the sake of progeny without that being compulsory

4794. It is related by Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The best of women are the riders of camels, the righteous women of Quraysh. They are the most compassionate to their children when they are young and most prudent with the property of their husbands."

XIII. Taking female captives. Someone freeing his slavegirl and then marrying her

4795. The father of Abu Burda said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Any man who has a slavegirl whom he teaches and teaches well, and teaches adab (i.e. good manners) so that she has good adab and then frees her and marries her will have two rewards. If any man of the People of the Book believes in his own Prophet and believes in me, he will have two rewards. Any slave who fulfils his duty to both his masters and his Lord will have two rewards."

Ash-Sha'bi said, "Take it for nothing. A man used to travel to Madina for less than it."

It is related from Abu Burda's father that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Free her and then give her a dower."

4796. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said...

It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "Ibrahim only told three lies. While he was with Sara, he went by one of the tyrants who was told ... (and he mentioned the hadith). He gave her Hajar and she said, 'Allah restrained the hand of the unbeliever and gave me Hajar.'" Abu Hurayra said, "That is your mother, Banu ma's as-sama'." (see hadith 2104)

(Banu ma's as-sama' means: sons of the the water of the sky, i.e. the Arabs.)

4797. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, remained between Khaybar and Madina for three nights when he married Safiyya. I invited the Muslims to his wedding feast. There was no bread or meat in it, but he only commanded that a leather mat be spread out on which were placed some dates, dried yoghurt and ghee. That was his wedding feast. The Muslims said, 'Is she one of the Mothers of the Believers or his slave [lit. what his right hand owns]?' They said, 'If he veils her, then she is one of the Mothers of the Believers. If he does not veil her, then she is part of his property.' When he travelled, he made a place for her behind him and extended the covering between her and the people."

XIV. The one who made the emancipation of a slavegirl her dower

4798. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, set Safiyya free and made her emancipation her dower."

XV. Marrying someone who is poor

The words of the Almighty, "If they are poor Allah will enrich them from His bounty." (24:32)

4799. It is related from Sahl ibn Sa'd that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "Messenger of Allah, I have come to give myself to you (to dispose of in marriage)." He raised his eyes to her and then looked and then lowered his head. When the woman saw that he had not made any decision about her, she sat down. One of his Companions stood up and said, "Messenger of Allah, if you have no need of her, then marry her to me." He asked, "Do you have anything [to give her]?" He said, "By Allah, no, Messenger of Allah." He said, "Go to your family and see if you can find something." The man went and returned and said, "No, Messenger of Allah, I did not find anything." He said, "Look, even if it is an iron ring." He went and then came back and said, "By Allah, Messenger of Allah, no. I did not even find an iron ring, but I have this waist-wrapper." Sahl said, "He did not have a cloak and so she could have half do it." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "What will see do with your waist-wrapper? If you wear it, she will have none of it, and if she wears it, you will have none of it." The man sat down for a long time and then got up. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw him going away and commanded someone to call him. When he came back, he asked, "What do you know of the Qur'an?" He replied, "I know this sura, that sura, and that sura," and he named them. He asked, "Do you recite that by heart?" "Yes," he replied. He said, "Go, I have married you to her for what you know of the Qur'an."

XVI. Equivalence in the deen

The words of the Almighty, "And it is He who created the human being from water and then gave him relations by blood and marriage. Your Lord is All-Powerful." (25:54)

4800. It is related from 'A'isha that Abu Hudhayfa ibn 'Utba ibn Rabi'a, who was one of those who was present at Badr with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, adopted Salim and married him to his niece, Hind bint al-Walid ibn 'Utba ibn Rabi'a. Salim was the client (mawla) of a woman of the Ansar. It was as the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had adopted Zayd. In the Jahiliyya, when someone adopted a man, people called him by his name and he inherited from him. That lasted until Allah revealed, "Call them after their fathers. That is juster in Allah's sight. And if you do not know who their fathers were then they are your brothers in the deen and people under your patronage." (33:5) Therefore they attributed them to their real fathers. If the father of someone was not known, he was a client and brother in the deen. Sahla bint Suhayl ibn 'Amr al-Qurashi al-'Amiri, the wife of Abu Hudhayfa, came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "Messenger of Allah, we used to consider Salim to be a son and Allah has revealed what you know." And he mentioned the hadith. (See 3778).

4801. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, visited Duba'a bint az-Zubayr and said to her, 'Perhaps you want to go on hajj.' She replied, "By Allah, I feel ill.' He said to her, 'Go on hajj and make a stipulation, "O Allah I will come out of ihram wherever I am prevented from continuing."' She was married to al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad.*]

[* Duba'a bint az-Zubayr was the niece of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Al-Miqdad was an ally who had been adopted, thus indicating that equivalence in lineage was not a requirement in marriage.]

4802. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman can be married for four reasons: her wealth, her lineage, her beauty, and her religion. Seek the one with religion. May your hands be in the dust!"

4803. It is related that Sahl said, "A man passed by the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said, 'What do you say about this one?' They answered, 'He is such that if he proposes marriage, his proposal is accepted, and if he intercedes his intercession would be granted. If he speaks, he is listened to.' Then he was silent and one of the poor Muslim men passed by and he asked, 'What do you say about this one?' They answered, "He is such that if he were to propose marriage, his proposal would not be worth accepting, and if he were to intercede, his intercession would not be granted, and if he were to speak, his words would not be listened to.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'This one is better than the whole earth full of the first one.'"

XVII. Equality in wealth, and a poor man marrying a wealthy woman

4804. It is related that 'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr asked 'A'isha about the words of Allah Almighty, "If you are afraid of not behaving justly towards orphans." (4:3) She said, "O nephew! That is the orphan girl who is in the care of her guardian and shares his property. Her guardian admires her wealth and beauty, and so he may want to marry her without being fair about her dower. They are forbidden to marry them unless they are fair to them and give them the full dower and are commanded to marry other women."

She said, "Then the people asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for a pronouncement after this and Allah revealed, 'They will ask you for a definitive ruling about women. Say, "Allah gives you a definitive ruling about them; and also what is recited to you in the Book about orphan girls to whom you do not give the inheritance they are owed, while at the same time desiring to marry them."' (4:127) Allah revealed to them that if an orphan has beauty and wealth, and they wanted to marry to marry her [for that] and her lineage, they must give them the full dower. If they did not want to marry them because of their lack of wealth and beauty, they should leave them and marry other women.' She added, 'As they used to leave them when they did not desire them, they cannot marry them when they desire them unless they were fair to them and gave them their full right in the dower.'"

XVIII. What one is cautious about in bad luck in a woman

The words of the Almighty, "Some of your wives and children are an enemy to you." (64:14)

4805. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is bad luck in women, houses and horses."

4806. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "They mentioned bad luck in the presence of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If there is bad luck in anything, it is in houses, women and horses."

4807. It is related from Sahl ibn Sa'd that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If it is in anything, it is in horses, women and houses."

4808. It is related from Usama ibn Zayd that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I have not left after me a trial more harmful to men than women."

XIX. A free woman marrying a slave

4809. It is related that 'A'isha said, "There were three sunnas as a result of Barira. She was set free and was given a choice (of remaining married or not). The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The wala' is for the one who set free. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came in when there was a pot on the fire, but he was given bread and condiments from the house. He said, 'Do I not see the pot?' He was told, 'That is meat given as sadaqa to Barira. You do not eat sadaqa.' He said, 'It is sadaqa for her and a gift for us.'"

XX. Not marrying more than four women

This is based on the words of Allah, "Then marry other permissible women, two, three or four." (4:3)

'Ali ibn al-Husayn, peace be upon them, said, "It means two, three or four."

The words of Allah, "Angels having two or three or four wings," (35:1), meaning two, three or four."

4810. It is related from 'A'isha about "If you are afraid of not behaving justly..." (4:3) that she said, "That is the orphan girl who is in the care of her guardian. He wants to marry her for her wealth but treats her badly and is not equitable with her property. Therefore he should marry other women that please him: two, three or four.'"

XXI. "Unlawful to you are ... your foster mothers who have suckled you." (4:23)

Suckling makes unlawful what lineage makes unlawful.

4811. It is related from 'Amra bint 'Abdu'r-Rahman that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, informed her that while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was with her she heard the sound of a man asking permission to enter the house of Hafsa. 'A'isha said, "Messenger of Allah, this man is asking permission to enter your house." She said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I think it is so-and-so,' the uncle of Hafsa by suckling." 'A'isha said, "If so-and-and (her uncle by suckling) has been alive, could he have visited me?" The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Yes, suckling make unlawful what birth makes unlawful."

4812. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said that it was said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Will you not marry the daughter of Hamza?" He replied, "She is my brother's daughter by suckling."

The like of it is related from Jabir ibn Zayd.

4813. It is related that Umm Habiba bint Abi Sufyan said, "'Messenger of Allah, marry my sister, the daughter of Abu Sufyan.' He asked, 'Do you like that?' 'Yes,' she answered, 'I am not your only wife and I want to share with my sister in good.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'That is not lawful for me.' I said, 'We have heard that you want to marry the daughter of Abu Salama.' He said, 'The daughter of Umm Salama?' 'Yes,' I replied. He said, 'Even if she were not my foster-daughter in my care, she still would not be lawful for me. She is the daughter of my brother by suckling. Thuwayba nursed both me and Abu Salama. Do not offer your daughters or sisters to me.'"

'Urwa said, "Thuwayba was the freed slave of Abu Lahab. Abu Lahab set her free and she suckled the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace . When Abu Lahab died, one of his relatives saw Abu Lahab in a dream in a very bad state and asked him, 'What have you encountered?' Abu Lahab said, 'I did not find any rest after you except that I am given this amount to drink on account of my setting Thuwayba free."

XXII. The one who said that there is no suckling after two years by the words of Allah Almighty, "Two full years those who wish to complete the full term of nursing" (2:333)

What is made unlawful by a little and a lot of suckling

4814. It is related that 'A'isha said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to her while a man was with her. It seemed that his facial expression changed as if he disliked that. She said, "He is my brother." He said, "Look into your brothers. Suckling is from hunger [i.e. for children]."

XXIII. Male milk relations

4815. It is related that 'A'isha said, "Aflah, the brother of Abu'l-Qu'ays, asked permission to visit me after the Veil was revealed. He was my uncle by suckling. I refused to give him permission. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came, I told him what I had done and he ordered me to give him permission."

XXIV. The testimony of the nurse

4816. It is related that 'Uqba ibn al-Harith said, "I married a woman and then a black woman came to us and stated, 'I nursed both of you.' I went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'I married so-and-so and then a black woman came to us and said to me, "I nursed both of you." She is lying.' He turned away from me, and I moved to face him and repeated, 'She is lying.' He said, 'How can you keep her when she claims that she nursed both of you? Leave her.'" (Isma'il [ibn Ibrahim, who narrated it to al-Bukhari] made a gesture with his forefinger and middle finger.)

XXV. Those women it is lawful to marry and those women it is unlawful to marry

The words of Allah, "Unlawful for you are: your mothers and your daughters and your sisters, your maternal aunts and your paternal aunts, your brothers' daughters and your sisters' daughters, your foster mothers who have suckled you, your foster sisters by suckling, your wives' mothers, your stepdaughters who are under your protection: the daughters of your wives whom you have had sexual relations with, (though if you have not had sexual relations with them there is nothing blameworthy for you in it then ) the wives of your sons whom you have fathered, and marrying two sisters at the same time – except for what took place in the past. Allah is Ever-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

And also married women – except those you have taken in war as slaves. This is what Allah has prescribed for you. Apart from that He has made all other women lawful for you provided you seek them with your wealth in marriage and not in fornication. When you consumate your marriage with them give them their prescribed dowry. There is nothing wrong in any further agreement you might come to after the dowry has been given. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.." (4:23-24)

Anas said, "' And also married women' means  that free women who have husbands are unlawful, 'except those you have taken in war as slaves" means that he does not see any harm in a man removing his slavegirl from his slave. He says, 'Do not marry idolatrous women until they believe.' (2:221)"

Ibn 'Abbas said, "It is forbidden to marry more than four wives, as it is forbidden to marry one's mother, daughter or sister."

'Abdullah ibn Ja'far was married to the daughter and wife of 'Ali at the same time.* Ibn Sirin said, "There is no harm in it," while al-Hasan disliked that at first, but later said that there was no harm in it.

[*This was Zaynab bint 'Ali and Layla bint Mas'ud who had been married to her father. When Zaynab died, then he married her sister, Umm Kulthim bint 'Ali.]

Al-Hasan ibn 'Ali married two of his cousins on the same night.* Jabir ibn Zayd disliked that because it was bring about severance (of kin) but that it was not unlawful since Allah says, "He has made all other women lawful for you." (4:24)

[*This was the daughter of Muhammad ibn 'Ali and the daughter of 'Umar ibn 'Ali.]

'Ikrima reported that Ibn 'Abbas said, "When someone commits fornication with his wife's sister, his wife does not become unlawful for him."

It is related that Abu Ja'far said regarding someone who dallies with a boy that if there is penetration, then he cannot marry his mother. This Yahya [al-Kindi who transmits this] is not known and is not sound.

'Ikrima reported that Ibn 'Abbas said, "When someone commits fornication with his mother-in-law, his wife does not become unlawful for him." Abu Nasr is reported to have said that Ibn 'Abbas considered her to be unlawful, but this Abu Nasr is not known from having heard it from Ibn 'Abbas.

It is related from 'Imran ibn Husayn, Jabir ibn Zayd, al-Hasan and some of the people of Iraq that she becomes unlawful for him.

Abu Hurayra said, "She does not become unlawful unless he has intercourse (with her mother)." Ibn al-Musayyab, 'Urwa and az-Zuhri permit him to keep his wife. Az-Zuhri reported that 'Ali said, "She does not become unlawful." This is mursal.

XXVI. "Unlawful for you are... your stepdaughters who are under your protection: the daughters of your wives whom you have had sexual relations with." (4:23)

Ibn 'Abbas said that dukhul, masis and lamas all mean intercourse.

Those who say that the granddaughters of the wife are unlawful like his own daughters.

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to Umm Habiba, "Do not offer me your daughters." The same is true for the wives of grandsons and wives of sons.

Is someone called a step-daughter (rabiba) if she is not in his care?

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave a step-daughter of his to someone to care for and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called his son's son "son".

4817. It is related that Umm Habiba said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, do you like the daughter of Abu Sufyan.' He asked, 'What should I do?' I said, 'Marry her.' He asked, 'Do you like that?' 'Yes,' I answered, 'I am not your only wife and I want to share you with my sister.' He said, 'She is not lawful for me.' I said, 'We have heard that you have proposed marriage.' He said, 'The daughter of Umm Salama?' 'Yes,' I replied. He said, 'Even if she were not my foster-daughter (rabiba) in my care, she still would not be lawful for me. Thuwayba nursed both me and her father. Do not offer your daughters or sisters to me.'"

Hisham said that it was Durra bint Abi Salama.

XXVII. "Unlawful for you are ... marrying two sisters at the same time – except for what took place in the past." (4:23)

4818. It is related from Zaynab bint Abi Salama that Umm Habiba bint Abi Sufyan said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, marry my sister, the daughter of Abu Sufyan.' He asked, 'Do you like that?' 'Yes,' she answered, 'I am not your only wife and I want to share with my sister in good.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'That is not lawful for me.' I said, 'Messenger of Allah, we have been told that you want to marry Durra bint Abi Salama.' He said, 'The daughter of Umm Salama?' 'Yes,' I replied. He said, 'Even if she were not my foster-daughter in my care, she still would not be lawful for me. She is the daughter of my brother by suckling. Thuwayba nursed both me and Abu Salama. Do not offer your daughters or sisters to me.'"

XXVIII. A woman should not marry someone who is married to her paternal aunt

4819. It is related that Jabir was heard to say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade that a woman marry a man who is married to her paternal aunt or maternal aunt.

It is related from Abu Hurayra.

4820. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman and her paternal aunt should not be married to the same man, nor a woman and her maternal aunt."

4821. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade that a woman marry a man who is married to her paternal aunt or maternal aunt." [Az-Zuhri said.] We think that the maternal aunt of the father has the same position because 'Urwa reported to me that 'A'isha said, 'They considered that what is unlawful by lineage is also unlawful by suckling."

XXIX. Shighar Marriage

4822. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the shighar. The shighar is when a man marries his daughter to someone provided that the other give him his daughter in marriage with no dowry exchanged between them.

XXX. Can a woman offer herself to someone?

4823. It is related that the father of Hisham said, "Khawla bint Hakim was one of those women who gave herself to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. 'A'isha said, "Does the woman not feel embarrassed to offer herself to a man?' When it was revealed, '(O Muhammad) you may refrain from any of them you will' (33:51), she said, 'Messenger of Allah, I only see that your Lord hastens with what you want.'"

Another transmission in which the sub-narrators add to one another.

XXXI. Someone in ihram marrying

4824. It is reported from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married while he was in ihram.

XXXII. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the mu'ta (temporary) marriage* later

4825. It is related that 'Ali said to Ibn 'Abbas, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the mut'a and the meat of domestic donkeys at the time of Khaybar."

4826. It is related that Abu Jamra said, "I heard Ibn 'Abbas being asked about the mut'a and he made an allowance for it. A client of his said to him, 'That is only when the situation is severe and women are few,' or something like that. Ibn 'Abbas said, 'Yes.'"

4827. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah and Salama ibn al-Akwa' said, "We were in an army when the messenger of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to us and said, 'You have been given permission to practise the mut'a, so do so."

Salama ibn al-Akwa' reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If a man and a woman agree [to a temporary marriage] then the association between them lasts for three nights. If they like, they can make it longer, or if they part to separate, they do so." I do not know whether it was particular to us or for people in general.

Abu 'Abdullah said, "'Ali made it clear from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that it is abrogated."

[*The mu'ta is marriage with a woman for a specific length of time.]

XXXIII. A woman offering herself to a righteous man

4828. It is related that Thabit al-Bunani said, "I was with Anas while his daughter was with him. Anas said, 'A woman came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and offered herself to him and said, "Messenger of Allah, do you have any need of me?"' Anas' daughter said, 'How immodest she was! Shame! Shame!' He said, 'She was better than you. She liked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and offered herself to him.'"

4829. It is related that Sahl said, "A woman offered herself to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,and a man said, 'Messenger of Allah, marry her to me.' He asked, 'What do you have?' He answered, 'I have nothing.' He said, 'Look for something, even if it is an iron ring.' He went and then came back and said, 'No, by Allah, I did not even find an iron ring, but I have this waist-wrapper and she can have half of it.'" Sahl said, "He did not have a cloak. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'What will she do with your waist-wrapper? If you wear it, she will have none of it, and if she wears it, you will have none of it.' The man sat down for a long time and then got up. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw him and called him or commanded someone to call him. He asked him, 'What do you know of the Qur'an?' He replied, "I know this sura, that sura, and that sura," and he named a number of suras. The Prophet said, 'I have married you to her for what you know of the Qur'an.'"

XXXIV. A person offering his daughter or sister to the people of good

4830. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar reported that he heard 'Umar ibn al-Khattab say that when Hafsa bint 'Umar became a widow at the death of Khunays ibn Hudhafa as-Sahmi, who was one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who died in Madina, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "I went to 'Uthman ibn 'Affan [to offer to marry her to him] and he said, 'Let me reflect on it.' A few days later he met me and said, 'It seems to me that I should not marry at this time.'" 'Umar said, "Then I met Abu Bakr as-Siddiq and said, 'If you wish, I will marry you to Hafsa bint 'Umar.' Abu Bakr was silent and did not give me any reply at all, and that was more painful to me than 'Uthman. Some days later the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, proposed to her and I married her to him. Abu Bakr met me and said, 'Perhaps you were pained by me when you offered me Hafsa and I did not reply to you?' I said, 'Yes.' He said, 'I was only prevented from replying to you in your offer by the fact that I knew that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had mentioned her and I would not divulge the secret of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. If he had left her, I would have accepted her.'"

4831. Zaynab bint Salama reported that Umm Habiba said to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "We are saying that you are going to marry Durra bint Abi Salama. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Along with Umm Salama? Even if I were not married to Umm Salama, she would not be lawful for me. Her father is my brother by nursing."

XXXV. The words of Allah Almighty, "Nor is there anything wrong in any allusion to marriage you make to a woman, nor for any you keep to yourself. Allah knows that you will say things to them. But do not make secret arrangements with them, rather only speak with correctness and courtesy. Do not finally decide on the marriage contract until the prescribed period has come to its end. Know that Allah knows what is in your selves, so beware of Him! And know that Allah is Ever-Forgiving, All-Forbearing." (2:235)

"Aknantum" means "to conceal. That which you hide or conceal is "maknun".

It is reported from Ibn 'Abbas that "allusion to marriage" is to say things like, "I want to marry" and "I wish that a righteous woman would be made available for me."

Al-Qasim said, "It is that he says, 'I think you are not noble' and 'I desire you', 'Allah will bring you good,' and the like of that.

'Ata' said, "One alludes and does not state openly. He says, 'I have a need,' 'Give good news', 'You are free by the praise of Allah.' She says, 'I hear what you say,' but she does not promise anything nor does her guardian promise without her knowledge. If she makes a promise to a man while in her 'idda and then marries him later, they are not separated.'

Al-Hasan said, "'Do not make a secret contract with them' means fornication."

It is mentioned from from Ibn 'Abbas that "until the prescribed term has come to an end" is the 'idda.

XXXVI. Looking at a woman before marrying her

4832. It is reported that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, 'I was shown you in a dream. An angel brought you to me on a piece of silk and I was told, "This is your wife." I removed the cloth from your face and it was you. I said, "If this is from Allah, it will be done."'"

4833. It is related from Sahl ibn Sa'd that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "Messenger of Allah, I have come to give myself to you (to dispose of in marriage)." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, looked at her and raised his glance to her carefully and then lowered his head. When the woman saw that he had not made any decision about her, she sat down. One of his Companions stood up and said, "Messenger of Allah, if you have no need of her, then marry her to me." He asked, "Do you have anything [to give her]?" He said, "By Allah, no, Messenger of Allah." He said, "Go to your family and see if you can find something." The man went and returned and said, "No, Messenger of Allah, I did not find anything." He said, "Look, even if it is an iron ring." He went and then came back and said, "By Allah, Messenger of Allah, no. I did not even find an iron ring, but I have this waist-wrapper." Sahl said, "He did not have a cloak and so she could have half do it." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "What will see do with your waist-wrapper? If you wear it, she will have none of it, and if she wears it, you will have none of it." The man sat down for a long time and then got up. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw him going away and commanded someone to call him. When he came back, he asked, "What do you know of the Qur'an?" He replied, "I know this sura, that sura, and that sura," and he named them. He asked, "Do you recite that by heart?" "Yes," he replied. He said, "Go, I have married you to her for what you know of the Qur'an."

XXXVII. The one who said that there is no marriage without a wali

Allah Almighty says, "Do not prevent them from marrying their first husbands." (2:232)

This includes the previously married woman as well as the virgin. He says, "And do not marry idolatrous men until they believe" (2:221) and He says, "Marry off those among you who are unmarried." (24:32)

4834. It is related from 'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet,  may Allah bless him and grant him peace, informed him that there four types of marriage in the Jahiliyya. There was the marriage which is that still practised by people today in which a man asked another man for his ward or daughter, paid her her dower and then married her. Another type was that a man would say to his wife after she was pure from menstruation, "Send for so-and-so and have intercourse with him." Her husband would stay away from her and not have sex with her until she became pregnant by that man with whom she was sleeping. When it was clear that she was pregnant, then her husband would sleep with her if he wished. He did that out of the desire for a child of noble descent. This marriage was called al-Istibda'. Another type of marriage was that a group of less than ten men would go to the same woman and all have intercourse with her. If she became pregant and gave birth, some days after the birth she would send for them, and none of them could refuse to come. When they were gathered together before her, she would say to them, "You know what you did. I have given birth. It is your son, so-and-so!" She would name whichever of them she wanted to name, and her child would be attributed to him and the man could not deny that. The fourth type of marriage was that many men would go to a woman who would not refuse whoever came to her. They were prostitutes and they used to set up flags at the doors as signs. Whoever wanted could go to them. If one of them became pregnant, when she gave birth, they would be brought together and they would call the physiognomists who would then attach the child to the one they thought was the father. He would be ascribed to him and called his son. None of them could reject that. When Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was sent with the truth, he abolished all of the marriages of the Jahiliyya except the marriage practised by people today.

4835. It is related from 'A'isha about, "And also what is recited to you in the Book about orphan girls to whom you do not give the inheritance they are owed, while at the same time desiring to marry them" (4:127), "It is about the orphan girl in the care of a man. She might share in his property and he has more right to her, but does not desire to marry her but  prevents her, because of her property, from marrying someone else, disliking for anyone else to share her property with him."

4836. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that when Hafsa bint 'Umar became a widow at the death of Ibn Hudhafa as-Sahmi, who was one of the Companions of the Prophet, Messenger of Allah and one of those present at Badr. He died in Madina. 'Umar said, "I met 'Uthman ibn 'Affan and made him an offer, saying, 'If you wish, I will marry you to Hafsa.' He said 'I will think about it.' I waited some days and then he met me and said, 'It seems to me that I should not marry at this time.'" 'Umar said, 'I met Abu Bakr and said, 'If you wish, I will marry you to Hafsa.'"

4837. It is related from al-Hasan about "Do not prevent them" (2:232): "Ma'qil ibn Yasar told me that it was revealed about him. He said, 'I married a sister of mine to a man who then divorced her. When her 'idda was over, he came and asked to marry her. I told him, "I married her to you and made her your bed and honoured you with her, and then you divorced her. Now you come asking to marry her? No, by Allah, she will never go back to you!" There was nothing bad about the man and the woman wanted to go back to him. So Allah revealed this ayat: "Do not prevent them." (2:232) I said, "Now I will do it, Messenger of Allah."' He married her to him."

XXXVIII. When the guardian is the suitor

Al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba proposed to a woman when he was her closest guardian, and he ordered another man to give her in marriage to him.

'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf said to Umm Hakim bint Qariz, "Will you assign your business to me?" "Yes," she replied. He said, "Then I have married you."

'Ata' said, "He should testify, 'I have married you,' or command that one of his tribe (do it)."

Sahl said, "A woman said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'I have given myself to you,' and a man said, 'Messenger of Allah, if you have no need of her, then marry her to me.'"

4838. It is related from 'A'isha about the ayat, "They will ask you for a definitive ruling about women. Say, 'Allah gives you a definitive ruling about them...'" (4:127), ""It is about the orphan girl in the care of a man. She might share in his property and he has more right to her, but does not desire to marry her but  prevents her, because of her property, from marrying someone else, disliking for anyone else to share her property with him. Allah forbade them to do that."

4839. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "While we were sitting with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a woman came and offered herself. He looked at her, lowering and raising his look, but did not answer her. One of his Companions said, ''Marry her to me, Messenger of Allah.' He asked, 'Do you have anything?' 'I do not have anything, ' he replied. He said, 'Not even an iron ring?' 'Not even an iron ring,' he answered. 'But I can tear this robe of mine in half and give her half while I keep half.' He said, 'No. Do you know any of the Qur'an?' 'Yes,' he replied. He said, 'Go. I have married you to her for what you have of the Qur'an.'"

XXXIX. A man giving his young children in marriage

By the words of Allah, "that also applies to those who have not yet menstruated" (65:4) and He made the 'idda of a girl before puberty three months.

4840. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married her when she was six years old and consummated it when she was nine, and she was his wife for nine years.

XL. A man giving his daughter in marriage to the ruler

'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked to marry Hafsa and I married her to him.

4841. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married her when she was six years old and consummated it when she was nine, and she was his wife for nine years.

XLI. The ruler acts as the guardian

This is because the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "We have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an."

4842. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "A woman came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'I have given myself to you.' She stood for a long time. A man said, 'If you are not in need of her, marry her to me.' He asked, 'Do you have anything to give us as a dowry?' 'He answered, 'I only have my wasist wrapper.' He said, 'If you give it to her, you will sit without no waist wrapper. Look for something.' He said, 'I did not find anything.' He said, 'Look for something, even an iron ring.' He did not find it. He asked, 'Do you know any of the Qur'an?' He said, 'Yes, this sura and that sura,' naming the suras. He said, We have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an.'"

XLII. Neither a father nor anyone else can give a virgin or previous married woman in marriage without her consent

4843. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A previously married woman should not be married untl she has been consulted. A virgin is not married until she is asked for her permission." They said, "Messenger of Allah, how does she give permission?" He replied, "It is when she is silent."

4844. It is related that 'A'isha said, "Messenger of Allah, a virgin is shy!" He said, "Her consent is her silence."

XLIII. When a man gives his daughter in marriage against her will, the marriage is invalid

4845. It is related from Khansa' bint Khidham al-Ansariyya that her father gave her in marriage when she had been married before and she disliked that. She went to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who cancelled the marriage.

It is related from 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Yazid and Mujammi' ibn Yazid that a man called Khidham gave a daughter of her in marriage...

XLIV. Giving an orphan girl in marriage

by the words of Allah, "If you are afraid of not behaving justly towards orphans, then marry other permissible women." (4:3)

When someone says to a guardian, "Marry so-and-so to me," and the guardian remains silent for a time or asks, "What have you got?" And the suitor says, "I have such-and-such," or keeps quiet and then the guardian says, "I have married her to you," then the marriage is allowed. In the isnad, Sahl reported from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

4846. It is related from 'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that he asked 'A'isha, "Mother, what about 'If you are afraid of not behaving justly towards orphans.' (4:3)?" 'A'isha said, "Nephew, this is the orphan girl who is in the care of her guardian who desires her beauty and wealth and wanted to diminish her dower. They were forbidden to marry them unless they were fair to them and gave them the full dower. They were commanded to marry women other than them who pleased them."

'A'isha said, "After this ayat people asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for a decision, and Allah sent down, 'They will ask you for a definitive ruling about women. Say, "Allah gives you a definitive ruling about them; and also what is recited to you in the Book about orphan girls to whom you do not give the inheritance they are owed, while at the same time desiring to marry them..."' (4:127) Allah Almighty revealed to them in this ayat that if an orphan girl had wealthy and beauty, they desired to marry her for her lineage and dower. If she was not desired because of lack of wealth and beauty, they left her and took other women." She said, "As they used to leave her when they did not desire her, they should not marry her when they desired her unless they were fair to him and gave her her full right to dower."

XLV. When the suitor says to the guardian, "Marry so-and-so to me," and he says, "I have married her to you for such-and-such," the marriage is allowed, even if he does not say to the husband, "Have you agreed or accepted?"

4847. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "A woman came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and offered herself to him. He said, "I do not have any need for women right now." A man said, "Messenger of Allah, marry her to me!" He asked, "Do you have anything?" He replied, "I do not have anything." He said, "Give something to her, even if only an iron ring." He said, "I do not have anything." He asked, "Do you know any of the Qur'an?" He said, "Such-and-such." He said, "I have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an."

XLVI. No one should propose marriage when someone else has proposed until the first suitor marries or leaves her

4848. Ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade for anyone to sell against the sale of another or for a man to propose marriage when his brother has already proposed until the earlier suitor abandons his proposal or gives him permission."

4849. It is related that Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Beware of suspicion. Suspicion is the falsest kind of speech. Do not spy or pry. Do not hate one another. Be brothers. No one should propose marriage when his brother has already proposed until he marries or abandons the proposal."

XLVII. The explanation of abandoning a marriage proposal

4850. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar reported that when Hafsa bint 'Umar was widowed, 'Umar said, "I met Abu Bakr as-Siddiq and said, 'If you wish, I will marry you to Hafsa bint 'Umar.' I waited for a few days and then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, proposed to her. Abu Bakr met me and said, 'I was only prevented from replying to you in your offer by the fact that I knew that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had mentioned her and I would not divulge the secret of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. If he had left her, I would have accepted her.'"

It is corroborated from az-Zuhri.

XLVIII. The proposal

4851. Ibn 'Umar was heard to say, "Two men* came from the east and spoke and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Most eloquence is magic!"

[*They were az-Zibriqan ibn Badr at-Tamimi and 'Amr ibn al-Ahtam at-Tamimi.]

XLIX. Playing the tambourine during the marriage and wedding feast

4852. It is related that ar-Rubayyi' bint Mu'adh ibn 'Afra' said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came and entered after the consummation of my marriage. He sat on my bed as you are sitting now in relation to me and some slavegirls of ours began to play the tambourine and recite elegies of those of our fathers who were killed at the Battle of Badr. When one of them said, 'Among us is a Prophet who knows what will happen tomorrow,' he said, 'Leave this. Say what you were saying before.'"

L. The words of Allah Almighty, "Give women their dowry as an outright gift." (4:4) and the maximun and miminum permitted in the dowry

The words of Allah Almighty, "If you have given your original wife a large amount, do not take any of it...." (4:20)

The words of Allah, "But have already allotted them a dowry." (2:236)

Sahl said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Even an iron ring."

4853. It is related from Anas that 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf married a woman for gold the weight of a date stone. The Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw the marks of the joy of marriage on him and asked him about it. He said, 'I have married a woman for gold the weight of a date stone."

Qatada reported from Anas that 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf married a woman for gold the weight of a date stone.

LI. Marrying for what one knows of the Qur'an and without a dower

4854. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd as-Sa'idi said, "I was with the people with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when a woman stood up and said, 'Messenger of Allah, she has given myself to you. See what your opinion is of her.' He did not answer her at all. Then she stood up again and said, 'Messenger of Allah, she has given myself to you. See what your opinion is of her.' He did not answer her at all. Then she stood up a third time and said, Messenger of Allah, she has given myself to you. See what your opinion is of her.' He did not answer her at all. A man stood up and said, 'Messenger of Allah, marry her to me.' He asked, 'Do you have anything?' He said, 'No.' He said, 'Go and look for soemthing, even an iron ring.' He went and looked and then came back and said, 'I did not find anything, even an iron ring.' He asked, 'Do you know any of the Qur'an?' He replied, 'I know such-and-such a sura and such-and-such a sura.' He said, 'Go. I have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an.'"

LII. Dower in the form of goods and an iron ring

4855. It is related from Sahl ibn Sa'd that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to the man, "Marry, even with only an iron ring."

LIII. Preconditions in Marriage

'Umar said, "Rights are in accord with preconditions, and you have what you stipulate."

Al-Miswar ibn Makhrama said, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mention an in-law of his and praised him as an in-law and said he was good. He said, 'When he spoke to me, he spoke the truth to me. When he made me a promise, he kept it to me."

4856. It is related from 'Uqba that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The most binding of the preconditions which you should fulfil are those which make private parts lawful."

LIV. Preconditions which are not lawful in marriage

Ibn Mas'ud said, "A woman cannot stipulate the divorce of her sister."

4857. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "It is not lawful for a woman to ask for the divorce of her sister in order to have it all for himself. She will have what is decreed for her."

LV. Sufra (yellow perfume) for the bride-groom

'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf related it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace .

4858. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wearing the traces of sufra. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked him and he told him that he had married a woman of the Ansar. He asked, "How much did you pay her? He replied, "A date stone's weight in gold." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Hold a wedding-feast, even if only with a sheep."

4859. It is reported that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, held a wedding feast when he married Zaynab, and fed the Muslims well. He went out as normally did when he married and went to the rooms of the Mothers of the Believers, made supplication and they made supplication for him. Then he ent back and saw two men and so he went away again. I do not know whether I told and he was informed that they had left."

LVI. How to mad supplication for someone who has married

4860. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw the traces of yellow perfume on 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf. He asked, "What is this?" He replied, "I have married a woman for a date stone's weight in gold." He said, "May Allah bless you. Hold a wedding-feast, even if only with a sheep."

LVII. Supplication by the women who prepare the bride and groom

4861. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married me, my mother came to me and brought me into the house where there some women of the Ansar in the room. They said, 'May it be with good and blessing and with the best luck.'"

LVIII. The one who preferred to consummate his marriage before going on a military expedition

4862. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "One of the Prophets went on an expedition and said to his people. 'A man who has married a woman and wants to consummate his marriage but has not done so should not follow me."

LIX. The one who consummated his marriage with a woman of nine years of age

4863. It is reported from 'Urwa that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married 'A'isha when she was six and consummated it when she was nine and she was married to him for nine years.

LX. Consummation during a journey

4864. It is reported that Anas said, "The Prophet stopped for three days between Khaybar and Madina, and consummated his marriage with Safiyya bint Huyayy. I invited the Muslims to his wedding feast which included neither bread nor meat. He commanded that leather sheets be spread out on which dates, dried yoghurt and ghee were placed and that was the wedding-feast. The Muslims said, 'Is she one of the Mothers of the Believers or a slave?' They said, 'If he screens her, she is one of the Mothers of the Believers. If he does not screen her,  then she is his slavegirl.' When he travelled, he made a place for her behind him and put a screen between her and the people."

LXI. Consummation in the daytime without a procession or lighting fires

4865. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married me, my mother came to me and brought me into the house and I was not surprised by anything except the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the mid-morning."

LXII. Carpets and similar things for women

4866. It is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Have you got carpets?" I answered, "Messenger of Allah, where will we get carpets?" He said, "You will have them."

LXIII. The women who present a woman to her husband

4867. It is related from 'A'isha that she took a woman to a man of the Ansar. The Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "'A'isha, do you have any entertainment? The Ansar like entertainment."

LXIV. Presents to the groom

4868. Abu 'Uthman al-Ja'd heard Anas ibn Malik say in the mosque of the Banu Rifa'a: "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by the area where Umm Sulaym was, he came inside and greeted her." Then he said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married Zaynab, Umm Sulaym said to me, 'We should give a gift to the Messenger of Allah.' I said to her, 'Do so.' She took some dates, ghee and dried curd and made haysa* in a pot and sent it with me to him. I took it to him and he told me, 'Put it down. Then he ordered me, 'Invite some men for me,' whom he named, 'and invite whomever you meet for me.' I did what he had ordered me. When I returned, the house was full of people. I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, place his hands on that haysa and say whatever Allah wished over it. Then he began to invite them in groups of ten to eat from it. He told them, 'Mention the Name of Allah. Each man should ear from what is near him.' When they all had finished, some of them went out and a group remained conversing and I was unhappy about it. Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out towards the rooms (of his wives) and I went out after him and said, 'They have gone.' He returned and entered the room and let the curtain down while I was in the room. He was reciting, 'O you who believe! Do not go into the Prophet's rooms except when you are invited to come and eat. Do not wait there while the food is being cooked. However, when you are called go in and when you have eaten disperse, not remaining there to chat with one another. Doing that causes annoyance to the Prophet though he is too reticent to tell you so. But Allah is not reticent with the truth.' (33:53)."

Abu 'Uthman mentioned that Anas said that he served the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for ten years.

[*haysa: a dish in which dates are mixed with ghee and dried curd and kneaded together.]

LXV. Borrowing clothes and other things for the bride

4869. It is related that 'A'isha said that she borrowed a necklace from Asma' and it was lost. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent some of his Companions to look for it. The time of the pray came and so they prayed without wudu'. When they went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, they complained to him about that and the Ayat of Tayammum was revealed. Usayd ibn Hudayr said, "May Allah reward you! By Allah, nothing unpleasant ever happens to you, without Allah making a way out of it for you and gives the Muslims blessing in it."

LXVI. What a man should say when he goes to his wife

4870. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If one of you comes to his wife and says, 'In the Name of Allah. O Allah, protect us from Shaytan and protect any child You grant us from Shaytan,' and a child is decreed for them, Shaytan will not ever harm him."

LXVII. The wedding-feast (walima) is a duty

'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf said, "The Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, 'Hold a wedding-feast, even if only with a sheep.'"

4871. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that he was ten years old whet he Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to Madina. He said, "My mother and my aunts kept asking me to serve the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I served him for ten years. I was twenty when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, died. I am the one who knows best about the business of the screen and when it was revealed. The first of what was revealed was on the wedding night of the Messenger of Allah , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with Zaynab bint Jahsh. In the morning, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was a groom and he invited people who had some food and then went out. A group of them remained with the Prophett, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for a long time. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up and went out and I went out with him so that they would go out. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, walked and so did I, and he went to the threshold of 'A'isha's room. Thinking that they had left, he went back and I went with him. He entered where Zaynab was and they were still sitting there and had not left. So the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went back and I went with him as far as the threshold of 'A'isha's room. Thinking that they had left, he went back and I went with him, and they had left. The Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put a curtain between me and him and the Screen (Hijab) was revealed."

LXVIII. A wedding-feast (walima), even with a sheep

4872. It is related that Humayd heard Anas say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf when he had married a woman of the Ansar, "How much of a dower did you give her?' 'The weight of a date-stone of gold,' he answered."

He said that he heard Anas say, "When they came to Madina, the Muhajirun stayed with the Ansar. 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf stayed with Sa'id ibn ar-Rabi' who said, "I will split my property with you and I will leave one of my wives for you.' He said, 'May Allah bless you in your wives and property.' He went to the market and bought and sold as he had some dried curd and ghee. He got married and the Prophet said, 'Hold a wedding-feast, even if only with a sheep.'"

4873. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not give any of his wives a wedding feast such as that he gave for Zaynab. The feast consisted of a sheep."

4874. It is related from Anas that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, freed Safiyya and married her and her dowry was her being set free. He had a wedding feast with haysa.

4875. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, consummated his marriage with a woman and sent me to invite men to eat."

LXIX. The one who had a better wedding feast for some on his wives than others

4876. It is related that from Thabit that the marriage of Zaynab bint Jahsh was mentioned in the presence of Anas and he said, "I did not see the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, have a greater wedding feast for as of his wives as he had for her. The feast consisted of a sheep."

LXX. The one who gave a wedding feast with less than a sheep

4877. It is related that Safiyya bint Shayba said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave a wedding feast for one of his wives with two mudds of barley."

LXXI. Chapter. It is a duty to accept an invitation to a wedding feast and other invitations. The one who had wedding feast which lasted for seven days and the like.

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not set a time of one or two days.

4878. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you are invited to a wedding feast, you must go to it."

4879. It is related from Abu Musa that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Free captives, respond to invitations, and visit those who are ill."

4880. It is related that al-Bara' ibn 'Azib said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, instructed us to do seven things and forbade us seven. He instructed us to visit the sick, to join funeral processions, to bless people who sneeze, to fulfil our oaths, to help the wronged, to give the greeting, and to accept invitations. He forbade us gold rings, silver vessels, silk saddles cushions filled with cotton, qassi and istibraq (silk and brocade) and fine silk."

It is corroborated from Ash'ath about giving the greeting.

4881. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "Abu Sa'id as-Sa'idi invited the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to his wedding. His wife,* who was the bride, served them that day." Sahl said, "Do you know what she gave the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to drink? She had soaked some dates in the night. When he had eaten, she gave it to him to drink."

[* She was Salama bint Wahb.]

LXXII. If someone does not accept the invitation, he has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger

4882. It is related that Abu Hurayra used to say, "The worst food is that of a wedding feast to which the rich are invited while the poor are left out. If anyone rejects an invitation, he has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."

LXXIII. The one who accepted trotters

4883. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If I were invited to trotters, I would accept. If trotters were given to me, I would accept."

LXXIV. Accepting an invitation to a wedding and other things

4884. It is that Nafi' heard 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar say that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Accept to the invitation when you are invited."

He said, "Ibn 'Umar used to accept invitations to weddings and other occasions while he was fasting."

LXXV. Women and children going to a wedding

4885. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw some women and children coming from a wedding and he stood up quickly from joy and said, 'O Allah! You are the most beloved of people to me!"

[This is in reference to the Ansar.]

LXXVI. Should someone go back if he sees something objectionable in that to which he is invited?

Ibn Mas'ud* saw a picture in a house and went away. Ibn 'Umar invited Abu Ayyub and he saw a curtain on the wall in the house. Ibn 'Umar said, "The women have overpowered us." Abu Ayyub said, "I feared this would happen, but I did not fear that you would do it. By Allah, I will not eat your food." He left.

4886. Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad reported that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, told him that she bought a cushion with pictures on it. She said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw it, he stopped at the door and did not come in. I saw dislike in his face and I said, 'Messenger of Allah, I turn in repentance to Allah and His Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,. What sin have I committed?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said. 'What is this cushion?' I said, 'I bought it for you to sit on and recline on.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'On the Day of Rising, those who made these pictures will be punished and will be told, "Bring what you created to life."' He said, 'Angels do not enter a house which contains images.'"

[* One text has Abu Mas'ud.]

LXXVII. A woman going to the men and serving them herself in a wedding

4887. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "When Abu Sa'id as-Sa'idi got married, he invited the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and his Companions. It was only his wife, Umm Usayd, who prepared the food for them and brought it to them. She had soaked some dates in a stone pot in overnight. When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished eating, she mixed it for him and gave it to him to drink, and her gift pleased him."

LXXVIII. Infusions and drinks which are not intoxicating at weddings

4888. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd was heard to say, Abu Sa'id as-Sa'idi invited the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to his wedding. His wife, who was the bride, served them that day." Sahl said, "Do you know what she gave the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to drink? She had soaked some dates in the night in a bowl."

LXXIX. Being gentle with women, and the words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "A woman is like a rib."

4889. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman is like a rib. If you try and straighten, you will break it. If you want to enjoy it, enjoy it with the crookedness."

LXXX. Instruction about women

4890. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should not harm his neighbour. I instruct you to treat women well. They were created from a rib. The most crooked part of a rib is its upper part. If you try to straighten it, you will break it. If you leave it, it remains crooked. I instruct you to treat women well."

4891. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "In the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, we used to avoid talking and being open and unreserved with our wives out of the fear that something would be revealed about us When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, died, we spoke and were more open."

LXXXI. "Safeguard yourselves and your families from a Fire." (66:6)

4892. It is related from 'Abdullah (ibn 'Umar) that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "All of you are shepherds and each of you is responsible (for his flock). An Imam is a shepherd and he is responsible for those in his care. A man is a shepherd in respect of his family and is responsible for those in his care. The woman is a shepherd in respect of her husband's house and is responsible. A slave is a shepherd in respect of his master's property and is responsible for what is in his care. All of you are shepherds and each of you is responsible for his flock."

LXXXII. Good behaviour with one's family

4893. It is related that 'A'isha said, "Eleven women sat and promised and agreed that they would not conceal anything about their husbands. The first said, 'My husband resembles the meat of an emaciated camel which is on the top of a mountain, where the way up is neither easy so that it can be climbed nor is the meat fat so that people would bother to transport it.' The second said, 'I do not have enough time to recount everything about my husband. I fear that I would not leave anything out if I mention him, but will mention all his faults, outward and hidden.' The third said, 'My husband is tall and of bad character. If I speak, he will divorce me. If I am silent, am left hanging.' The fourth said, 'My husband is like the night of Tihama, neither hot nor cold. I do not fear him nor am I annoyed with him." The fifth said, 'My husband is like a leopard when he comes in and a lion when he goes out. He does not ask about the state of things.' The sixth said, 'If my husband eats, he eats too much and leaves nothing. If he drinks, he leaves nothing. If he goes to sleep, he wraps himself in his garment apart from me and does not stretch his hands out to see how I am.' The seventh said, 'My husband is heavy in spirit or impotent and utterly stupid. He has every possible fault. He may injure you head or your body or both.' The eighth said, 'My husband has a high position, with a long sword strap (because of his height). He leaves abundant ashes and his house is close to the central gathering.' The tenth said, 'My husband is Malik. What can be said Malik? Malik is better than that. He has camels, most of which are kept in pens while only a few are sent to graze. When they hear the sound of the lute, they are certain that they will be slaughtered.'

"The eleventh said, 'My husband is Abu Zar'. What can be said about Abu Zar'? He has made my ears dangle with jewellery and filled out the flesh of my arms. He has delighted me and made me feel superior. He found me with a people of a few sheep in hardship and placed me in a family of horses and camels, oxen for ploughing and crops. When I speak, he does rebuke me. When I sleep, I sleep until morning. When I drink, I drink my fill.

"'The mother of Abu Zar'. What can be said about Abu Zar'? Her containers are huge and her house is spacious. The son of Abu Zar' What can be said about the son of Abu Zar'? His bed is like a narrow unsheathed sword and the shoulder of a lamb satisfies him. The daughter of Abu Zar'. What can be said about the daughter of Abu Zar'? She obeys her daughter and obeys her mother. She fills out her garment and infuriates her co-wife. The slavegirl of Abu Zar'. She does not gossip about what we say and does not waste our provisions. She does not fill our house with dishonesty."

"She said, 'Abu Zar' went out when butter was being churned and he came across a woman who had two sons like leopards who were below her waist, playing with her breasts. He divorced me and married her. After him I married a noble man who rode a fast, tireless horse and a spear of al-Khatt. He gave me a lot of livestock and gave me a pair of every kind. He said, 'Eat, Umm Zar', and feed your family.' She said, 'If all that he gave were collected, it would not reach the smallest vessel of Abu Zar'.'"

'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I am to you as Abu Zar' was to Umm Zar]."

It is related from Hisham, "She does not betray our house with dishonesty."

It is reported by one of them that atqannaha is read with mim as atqammaha. Abu 'Abdullah said that this is sounder.

4894. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Abyssinians were playing with their spears and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, acted as a screen for me while I was looking. I continued to look until I was the one to leave. So estimate how long a young girl is eager for amusement."

LXXXIII. A man admonishing his daughter about the state of her husband

4895. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said, "I was eager to ask 'Umar about the two women among the wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about whom Allah Almighty says, 'If the two of you would turn to Allah, for your hearts clearly deviated.' (66:4) I went on hajj with him and he went aside, and I went aside with him with a water vessel. He went out for a call of nature and when he came back, I poured some of the water from the vessel on his hands and he did wudu'. I said, 'Amir al-Mu'minin, who are the two wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about whom Allah says, "If the two of you would turn to Allah, for your hearts clearly deviated"?' He said, 'I am surprised at your question, Ibn 'Abbas. That was 'A'isha and Hafsa.' Then 'Umar proceded to relate the hadith.

He said, 'I and a neighbour of mine from the Ansar were among the Banu Umayya ibn Zayd, which is part of the 'Awali area of Madina. We used to take it in turns to visit the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He would go one day and I would go the next. When I went, I would bring him the news of that day of the revelation and other things. When he went, he did the same. We, the company of Quraysh, used to dominate women, and when we came to the Ansar, they were a people who were dominated by their women. So our women began to adopt the manner of the women of the Ansar. Once I shouted at my wife and she answered me back. I disliked that she should answer me back. She said, "Do you dislike that I should answer you back? By Allah, the wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, answer him back! Some of them might not have anything to do with him for the entire day until night!" That alarmed me, so I said, "The one among them who has done this will incur a terrible loss!" Does one of you anger the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for the entire day until night?" She said, "Yes." I said, "She is ruined and lost! Does she feel secure that Allah will not become angry by the anger of His Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, so that she will be destroyed? Do not ask from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, too much and do not answer him back in anything and do not refuse to speak to him. Ask me what you like. Do not be tempted into being like your neighbour since she is more beautiful than you and more beloved to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace," meaning 'A'isha.

"'We were saying that Ghassan were getting ready their mounts to attack us. Once, on a day when it was his turn, my friend went down. He returned in the evening and banged loudly on my door and said, "Is he here?" I was alarmed and came out to him. He said, "Something terrible has happened." I said, "Has Ghassan come?" He said, "No, something worse still and even more serious. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, has divorced his wives." I said, "Hafsa is ruined and lost!" I used to think that this was about to happen. I got dressed and prayed the Fajr prayer with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He entered a small upper room of him and withdrew into it. I went to Hafsa and found her weeping. I asked, "Why are you weeping? Didn't I warn you? Has the Messenger of Allah divorced you all?" She said, "I do not know. He is in his small upper room."

"'I went out and went to the minbar, A group of people were around it and some of them were weeping. I sat with them a short while and then what I felt overcame me. I went to the small room where he was and I said to a black slave of him, "Ask permission for 'Umar." He went in and spoke to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and then came out and said, "I mentioned you to him but he was silent." So I went away and sat with the group who were at the minbar. Then what I felt overcame me and I went - and he mentioned the like of it. Then I sat with the group who were at the minbar. Then what I felt overpowered me and I went to the slave and said, "Ask permission for 'Umar," - and he mentioned the like. When I turned to go, suddenly the slave called me, saying, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gives you permission."

"'So I went into him, He was lying down on a woven mat. There was no bedding between him and it and I could see the mark of the mat on his side. He was reclining on a leather cushion stuffed with palm fibre. I greeted him and then I asked while I was standing, "Have you divorced your wives?" He looked up at me and said, "No." Then I said, sociably while I was standing, "Messenger of Allah, will you listen to me? We, the company of Quraysh, used to dominate our women. Then we came to a people whose women dominate them..." (and he mentioned it.) The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, smiled. Then I said, "Will you listen to me? I visited Hafsa and I said, 'Do not be tempted into being like your neighbour since she is more beautiful than you and more beloved to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,'" meaning 'A'isha. He smiled again. I sat down when I saw him smile. I raised my eyes to look about the room and, by Allah, I did not see anything of note in it except for three hides. I said, "Ask Allah to enrich your community. Persia and Byzantium were made rich and were given this world but they did not worship Allah." He was reclining and then he said, "Do you have any doubts, Ibn al-Khattab? Those people were repaid for their good actions in the life of this world." I said, "Messenger of Allah, ask forgiveness for me."

"'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had withdrawn for 29 nights because of the story which Hafsa divulged to 'A'isha. He had said, "I will not go to them for a month," because of the intensity of his anger towards them when Allah rebuked him."

"'When twenty-nine days had passed, he went to 'A'isha and began with her. 'A'isha said to him, "You swore that you would not come to us for a month. Twenty-nine days have passed. I have counted them." The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The month is twenty-nine days." That month was twenty-nine days.'"

'A'isha said, "The ayat of choice was sent down and the Prophet began first with me and I chose him. Then he gave all his wives a choice and they said the like of what I had said to him." [cf 4027]

LXXXIV. A woman fasting a voluntary fast with the permission of her husband

4896. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman should should not fast when her husband is present except with his permission."

LXXXV. When a woman shuns her husband's bed at night

4897. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophe, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When a man calls his wife to his bed and she refuses to come, the angels curse her until morning."

4898. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When a woman spends the night spurning her husband's bed, the angels curse her until morning."

LXXXVI. A woman not give anyone permission to enter her husband's house except with his permission

4899. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "It is not lawful for a woman to fast while her husband is present, except with his permission, nor to give someone permission to enter his house without his permission."

4900. It is related from Usama that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I stood at the poor of the Garden and most of those who entered it were the poor while the people of wealth were stopped, but the people of the Fire were commanded to be taken to the Fire. I stood at the door of the Fire and saw that most of those who entered it were women."

LXXXVII. Ingratitude to the husband, al-'ashir, which also means the companion, from mu'ashara

It is related from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, by Abu Sa'id.

4901. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said, "There was an eclipse of the sun in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed and the people prayed with him. He stood for a long time, about the time it takes to recite Surat al-Baqara. Then he did a long ruku'. Then he stood for a long time, but less than the first standing. Then he did a long ruku' which was less than the first ruku'. Then he did prostration. Then he came up and stood for a long time, but less than the first standing. Then he did a long ruku' which was less than the first ruku'. Then he stood for a long time, but less than the first standing. Then he did a long ruku' which was less than the first ruku'. Then he prostrated The sun cleared before he had finished. Then he said, 'The sun and the moon are two of the signs of Allah. They do not eclipse for the life or death of anyone. When you see them, then remember Allah.'

"They said, 'Messenger of Allah, we saw you reach out for something while you were standing here and then we saw you withdraw.' He said, 'I saw the Garden (or I saw shown the Garden) and I reached out for a bunch of grapes from it, and if I had taken it, you would have been able to eat from it for as long as this world lasted. Then I saw the Fire - and I have never seen anything more hideous than what I saw today - and I saw that most of its people were women.' They said, 'Why, Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'Because of their ingratitude.' It was asked, 'Are they ungrateful to Allah?' He said, 'They are ungrateful to their husbands, and they are ungrateful for good behaviour (towards them). Even if you were to behave well to one of them for a whole lifetime and she were to see you do something (that she did not like) she would say that she had never seen anything good from you.'"

4902. It is related from 'Imran that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I looked at the Garden and I saw that most of its people were the poor. I looked at the Fire and saw that most of its people were women."

Ayyub and Salm ibn Wazir corroborated it.

LXXXVIII. Your wife has a right over you

Abu Juhayfa quoted it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

4903. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, 'Have I not been told that you pray at night and fast in the day?' I answered, 'Yes, Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'Do not do it. Fast and break the fast. Pray and sleep. Your body has rights over you. Your eyes have rights over you. Your wife has rights over you.'"

LXXXIX. A woman is a shepherd in her husband's house

4904. It is related from Ibn 'Umar) that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "All of you are shepherds and each of you is responsible (for his flock). The amir is a shepherd. A man is a shepherd in respect of his people of his household. A woman is a shepherd in respect of her husband's house and children. All of you are shepherds and each of you is responsible for his flock."

XC. The words of Allah Almighty, "Men have charge of women because Allah has preferred the one above the other and because they spend their wealth on them. Right-acting women are obedient, safeguarding their husbandÕs interests in his absence as Allah has guarded them. If there are women whose disobedience you fear, you may admonish them, refuse to sleep with them, and then beat them. But if they obey you do not look for a way to punish them. Allah is All-High, Most Great." (4:34)

4905. It is related that Anas said, "The Messenger of Allah , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, took an oath to stay away from his wives for a month and he stayed in an upper room of his. He came down on the 29th day. It was said, 'Messenger of Allah, you swore to stay away for a month.' He said, 'The month is 29 days.'"

XCI. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, staying away from his wives outside of their rooms

It is mentioned in a marfu' form from Mu'awiya ibn Hayda, "You should not shun (your wife) except in the room." The first is sounder.

4906. It is related from Umm Salama that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, swore not to go to some of his wives for a month. After 29 days, he went to them in the morning or evening. It was said to him, "Prophet of Allah, you swore that you could not go to them for a month." He replied, "The month can be 29 days."

4907. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "One morning we found the wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, weeping and each of them had her family with her. I went to the mosque and it was full of people. 'Umar ibn al-Khattab came and went up to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who was in his upper room. He gave the greeting, but no one answered him. Then he gave the greeting, but no one answered him. Then he gave the greeting, but no one answered him. Then he was called and went in to the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and asked, 'Have you divorced your wives?' 'No,' he answered, 'but I have taken an oath not to go to them for a month.' He remained for 29 days and then went to his wives."

XCII. What is disliked of hitting women

The words of Allah, "then beat them," (4:34) meaning without doing it severely.

4908. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Abi Zam'a that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "None of you should flog his wife as he flogs a slave and then have intercourse with her at the end of the day."

XCIII. A woman should not obey her husband in disobedience to Allah

4909. It is related from 'A'isha that a woman of the Ansar gave her daughter in marriage and her daughter's hair started to fall out. She went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and mentioned that to him and said, "Her husband has ordered me to add false hair to hers." He said, "No, Allah has cursed those who add false hair to theirs."

XCIV. "If a woman fears cruelty or aversion on her husband's part." (4:128)

4910. It is related that 'A'isha said about, "If a woman fears cruelty or aversion on her husband's part" (4:128), "This is the woman whose husband does not want to have much to do with her and wants to divorce her and marry another. She tells him, 'Keep me and do not divorce me. Marry another woman and you do not have to maintain me or give me a night.' That is the words of Allah, 'There is nothing wrong in the couple becoming reconciled. Reconciliation is better." (4:128)

XCV. Coitus interruptus

4911. It is related that Jabir said, "We used to practise coitus interruptus in the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."

It is related that Jabir was heard to say, "We were practising coitus interruptus while the Qur'an was being revealed."

It is reported that Jabir said, "We used to practise coitus interruptus in the time of the Prophe, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while the Qur'an was being revealed."

4912. It is related that Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said, "We got some female captives and we used to practise coitus interruptus. We asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he said, 'Do you do that?' and he asked it three times. 'There is no soul who will exist up until the Day of Rising but that it will come to exist.'"

XCVI. Drawing lots between wives when someone wants to travel

4913. It is related from 'A'isha that when the Prophet, Messenger of Allah set out on a journey, he drew lots between his wives. Once the lot fell to 'A'isha and Hafsa. In the night the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would travel beside 'A'isha and talk. Hafsa said, "Why don't you ride my camel tonight while I ride yours, and you and I can see?" She said, "Yes," and rode it. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to 'A'isha's camel which Hafsa was riding and greeted her and travelled until they camped. 'A'isha missed him. When they camped, she put her feet in the idhkhir herb and said, "O Lord! Send to a scorpion or snake to bite me for I cannot say anything about him!"

XCVII. A woman who gives her day with her husband to her co-wives and how to divide days

4914. It is related from 'A'isha that Sawda bint Zam'a gave her day to 'A'isha and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to give 'A'isha her day as well as the day of Sawda.

XCVIII. Fair division between women

"You will not be able to be completely fair between your wives, however hard you try. But do not be completely partial so as to leave a wife, as it were, suspended in mid air. And if you make amends and are godfearing, Allah is Ever-Forgiving, Most Merciful. If a couple do separate, Allah will enrich each of them from His boundless wealth. Allah is All-Encompassing, All-Wise." (4:129-130)

XCIX. When someone marries a virgin when already married to a woman previously married

4915. It is related from Anas. (Khalid said "If I wished, I could say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said [this].] The sunna is that when he married a virgin, he stayed with her for seven nights. When he married a previously married woman, he stayed with her for three nights."

C. When someone a previously married woman when already married to a virgin

4916. It is related that Anas said, "The sunna is that when a man marries a virgin when he is already married to a a previously married woman, he stays with her for seven nights and then the division [of nights] starts. If he marries a previously married woman when he already married to a virgin, he stays with her for three nights and then  the division starts."

Abu Qilaba said, "If I wished, I could say that it was marfu' from Anas to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."

CI. The one who went to all of his wives and then had one ghusl

4917. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to go around to his wives in the same night He had nine wives at that time.

CII. A man going around to all his wives in the same day

4918. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished 'Asr, he would go in and visit his wives and be close with one of them. Once he went to Hafsa and stayed longer than usual."

CIII. When a man asks his wives for permission to remain in the room of one of them while he is ill and being given their permission

4919. It is related from 'A'isha that in his fatal illness, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to ask, "Where will I be tomorrow? Where will I be tomorrow?" wanting the day of 'A'isha. His wives gave him permission to be where he wished, so he was in the room of 'A'isha until he died with her. 'A'isha said, "He died in the day which was my turn in my room. Allah took him while his head was between my throat and lungs, and his saliva was mixed with my saliva."

CIV. A man loving one of his wives more than others

4920. Ibn 'Abbas related that 'Umar said that he went to Hafsa and said, "O my daughter, do not be tempted by this woman who is pleased by her beauty and the love of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for her," meaning 'A'isha. He said, "I told that to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he smiled.

CV. Boasting about what one does not have. What is forbidden of the boasting of a co-wife

4921. It is related from Asma' from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace ...

It is related that Asma' said that a woman said, "Messenger of Allah, I have a co-wife. Would it be a sin if I were to pretend to have received something from my husband which he has not given me?" The Prophet said, "Anyone who pretends to have received something he has not been given is like someone who wears two spurious garments [i.e. someone who dresses up to give a false impression]."

CVI. Ghira (jealousy, indignation)

Sa'd ibn 'Ubada said, "If I were to see a man with my wife, I would strike him with the sharp edge of a sword!" The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Are you amazed at the jealousy of Sa'd? We are more jealous than him, and Allah is more jealous than me."

4922. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is no one more jealous than Allah. That is why He has forbidden lewd actions. There is no one who likes to be praised more than Allah."

4923. It is related from 'A'isha that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "O Community of Muhammad! There is no one more jealous than Allah when He sees His male or female slave commit fornication. O Community of Muhammad! If you knew what I knew, you would laugh little and weep much."

4924. It is related that Asma' heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "There is nothing more jealous than Allah."

It is related from Abu Hurayra that he heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say..."

4925. It is related that Abu Hurayra heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "Allah Almighty is jealous, and the jealousy of Allah expresses itself in respect of a man coming to something Allah has forbidden him."

4926. It is related that Asma' bint Abu Bakr said, "When az-Zubayr married me, he had no land as property and no slave. He had nothing but a camel for drawing water and his horse. I used to fodder his horse and fetch water and sew his bucket and prepare dough, but I was not good at making bread and so some of our Ansari neighbour women used to make the bread for me. They were women of truthfulness. I used to carry the date stones on my head from the land of az-Zubayr which was granted to him by the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. It was about two-thirds of a faraskh away. One day while I was coming with my the date stones on my head while I met the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who was with a group of the Ansar. He called me over and then said, 'Ikh! Ikh!' so that he could carry me behind him. I was too shy to travel with the men and I remembered az-Zubayr and his jealousy. He was the most jealous of people. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw that I was shy and so he went on. I went to az-Zubayr and told him, 'I met the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while I had the date stones on my head. He had some of his Companions with him. He made his camel kneel so that I could ride, but I was too shy of him and I know your jealousy.' He said, 'By Allah, your carrying the date stones is harder for me than your riding with him!'" She said, "[This continued] until Abu Bakr later sent me a servant to tend to the horse and it was as if he had set me free.'"

4927. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was with one of his wives when one of the Mothers of the Believers sent a servant with a bowl containing some food. The wife he was with struck the hand of the servant and the bowl fell and broke. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, collected the pieces of the bowl and then collected on them the food which had been in the bowl and said, 'Your mother was jealous.' Then he kept the servant until a bowl was brought the wife whose house he was in. He gave the sound bowl to the woman whose bowl had been broken and kept the broken one in the house of the one who broke it."

4928. It is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I entered the Garden (or I came to the Garden) and I saw a palace and asked, 'Who does this belong to?' They said, ''Umar ibn al-Khattab.' I wanted to entered it and nothing stopped me except my knowledge of your jealousy.' 'Umar ibn al-Khattab said, 'By my mother and father, Messenger of Allah, would I be jealous on account of you?'"

4929. it is related that Abu Hurayra said, "While we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'While I was sleeping, I was shown the Garden and there was a woman doing wudu' beside a palace. I said, 'Who does this belong to?' They said, 'It belongs to 'Umar.' I remembered my jealousy and so I turned away.' 'Umar, who was in the gathering, wept and then said, 'Would I be jealous of you, Messenger of Allah?'"

CVII. The jealousy and anger of women

4930. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, 'I know when you are pleased with me and when you are angry with me.' I asked, 'How do you recognise that?' He said, 'When you are pleased with me, you say, "No, by the Lord of Muhammad." When you are angry with me, you say, "No, by the Lord of Ibrahim."' I said, 'Yes, by Allah, Messenger of Allah. I only leave your name.'"

4931. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I was not jealous about any of the wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, as I was jealous about Khadija because of the frequency with which the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mentioned her and praised her, and it was revealed to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to give her the good news of a house of pearls in the Garden."

CVIII. A man defending his daughter from jealousy and ensuring fairness towards her

4932. It is related that al-Miswar ibn Makhrama said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say on the minbar, "The Banu Hisham ibn al-Mughira have asked permission for them to give their daughter in marriage to 'Ali ibn Abi Talib. I do not give permission and will not give permission unless Ibn Abi Talib wants to divorce my daughter and marry their daughter. Fatima is a part of me. Whatever makes her angry makes me angry and what harms her harms me.' That is what he said."

CIX. Men will become few and women many

Abu Musa reported that the Prophe, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "You will see one man followed by forty women taking refuge in him due to the lack of men and great number of women."

4933. It is related that Anas said, "I will recount to you a hadith which I heard from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which no one except me will recount to you. I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Among the signs of the Final Hour is that knowledge will be removed, ignorance will increase, illicit sex will increase, drinking wine will increase, and men will become few and women will become many so that fifty women will be looked after by one man."

CX. A man should not be alone with a woman unless he is mahram (someone who cannot legally marry her) nor visit a woman whose husband is absent

4934. It is related from 'Uqba ibn 'Amir that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Beware of visiting women." A man of the Ansar said, "Messenger of Allah, what do you think about the in-laws of the woman?" He said, "The in-law is death."

4935. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A man should not be alone with a woman unless he is a mahram of hers." A man stood up and said, "Messenger of Allah, my wife has set out to perform hajj and I am enrolled in such-and-such an expedition." He said, "Go back and perform hajj with your wife."

CXI. What is permitted about a man being alone with a woman when other people are present

4936. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "A woman of the Ansar came to the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he took her aside and said, 'By Allah, you (the Ansar) are the most beloeved of people to me.'"

CXII. What is forbidden of men who made themselves look like women visiting women

4937. It is related from Umm Salama, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was with me when there was a hermaphrodite with me." The hermaphrodite said to brother of Umm Salama, 'Abdullah ibn Umayya, '"If Allah lets you conquer Ta'if tomorrow, I will take you to the daughter of Ghaylan. She has four folds facing you and eight with her back to you." The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "This person should not visit you (women)."

CXIII. A woman looking at the Abyssinians and the like when there is no suspicion

4938. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, screening me with his cloak while I was watching the Abyssinians playing in the mosque until I was the one who was bored. So estimate how long a young girl is eager for amusement."

CXIV. Women going out for their needs

4939. It is related that 'A'isha said, "Sawda bint Zam'a went out at night and 'Umar saw her and recognised her. He said, 'By Allah, Sawda, you cannot conceal yourself from us!"'She went back to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and mentioned that to him while he was having supper in my room and had in his hand a bone with some meat on it. Revelation came down on him and when it was passed, he said, 'You have been allowed by Allah to go out for your needs.'"

CXV. A woman asking her husband for permission to go to the mosque and other things

4940. It is related from Salim's father than the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When a woman asks one of you for permission to go to the mosque, he should not prevent her from going.'"

CXVI. What is lawful of visiting and looking at women who are milk relations

4941. It is related that 'A'isha said, "My uncle by suckling came and asked permission to visit me, but I refused to give him permission until I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came and I asked him about that. He said, 'He is your uncle. Give him permission.' I said, 'Messenger of Allah, it was the woman who suckled me. The man did not suckle me.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'He is your uncle. Let me come? to you.'" 'A'isha said, "That was after the Screen had been set up for us." He said, Suckling makes unlawful what birth makes unlawful."

CXVII. A woman should not embrace another woman and then describe her to her husband

4942. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman should not embrace another woman and then describe her to her husband so as to give him an exact picture of her."

4943. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman should not embrace another woman and then describe to her husband as if he was looking at her."

CXVIII. The words of a man, "I will go around tonight to my wives."

4944. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "Sulayman ibn Da'ud, peace be upon them both, said, 'I will go around tonight to a hundred wives and each woman will produce a warrior who will fight in the way of Allah.' The angel said to him, 'Say, "Allah willing."' He did not say it and forgot. He sent around to them and none of them gave birth except a woman who had half a person. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'If he had said, 'Allah willing', what he wanted would have been accomplished and that makes fulfilment of his need more hopeful.'"

CXIX. If someone has been absent for a long time, he should not arrive home at night, fearing that he might suspect them or being unfaithful or look for their mistakes

4945. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah was heard to say, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, disliked for a man to go his family at night."

4946. It is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of you has been absent for a long time, he should not return to his family at night."

CXX. Seeking to have children

4947. It is related that Jabir said, "I was with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on an expedition. When we were returning, I was trying to hurry on a slow camel. A rider caught up to me from behind. I turned and it was the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He said, 'Why are you in a hurry?' I replied, 'I am newly married.' He asked, 'Did you marry a virgin or a woman previously married?' I replied, 'A woman previously married.' He said, 'Why not a girl with whom you could play and she could play with you?' When we arrived, we were going to enter and he said, 'Delay until you enter in the evening so that dishevelled women can comb their hair and the woman whose husband has been absent can shave her pubes.'"

He said, "A reliable source told me that he said in this hadith, 'Seek children, seek children, Jabir," meaning to seek to beget children.

4948. It is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you enter at night, do not go in to your family until the woman whose husband has been absent can shave her pubes and the dishevelled woman can comb her hair." He said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "You must seek to have children, seek to have children."

Wahb corroborated from Jabir what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said about seeking to have children.

CXXI. A woman whose husband has been absent shaving her pubes and a dishevelled woman coming her hair

4949. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "We were with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on an expedition. When we were returning and were close to Madina, I was trying to hurry on a slow camel. A rider caught up to me from behind and pricked my camel with a spear he had. Then my camel moved as if it was the best camel you have seen. I turned and it was the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. I said, 'Messenger of Allah, I am newly married.' 'You have got married?' he said. 'Yes,' I replied. He asked, 'A virgin or a woman previously married' I replied, A woman previously married.' He said, 'Why not a virgin with whom you could play and she could play with you?' When we arrived, we were going to enter and he said, 'Delay until you enter in the evening so that dishevelled women can comb their hair and the woman whose husband has been absent can shave her pubes.'"

CXXII. "They should not display their adornments except to their husbands or their fathers or their husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons or their brothers or their brothers' sons or their sisters' sons or other women or those they own as slaves or their male attendants who have no sexual desire or children who still have no awareness of women's private parts." (24:31)

4950. It is related that Abu Hazim said, "People disagree about how the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was treated on the Day of Uhud. They asked Sahl ibn Sa'id as-Sa'idi, who was the last remaining Companion of the Prophe, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in Madina, and he said, 'There is no one left who knows it better than I do. Fatima, peace be upon her, washed the blood from his face while 'Ali brought water on his shield. A mat was taken and burned and his wound was stuffed with it."

CCXXIII. "Those of you who have not as yet reached puberty." (24:58)

4951. It is related that 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Abis said, "I heard Ibn 'Abbas being asked by a man, 'Did you attend the 'Id with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, either Adha or Fitr?' He said, 'Yes, and if it had not been for my position with, I would not have attended' (due to his youth). The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out and did the prayer and then he gave the khutba. He did not mention an adhan or an iqama. 'Then he went to the women and admonished and reminded them and commanded them to give sadaqa. I saw them putting it with their hands to their ears and their necks and giving them to Bilal. Then he and Bilal went up to his house.'"

CXXIII. A man saying to his Companion, "Have you married tonight?" A man poking his daughter in the hip when rebuking her

4952. It is related that 'A'isha said, "Abu Bakr rebuked me while he was poking my hip with his hand. Nothing kept me from moving except the position of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, whose head was on my thigh."

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