Chapter 63. Book of the Beginning of Creation
I: What has come of the words of Allah Almighty, "It is He who originated creation and then regenerates it. That is extremely easy for Him." (30:27)
Ar-Rabi' ibn Khuthaym and al-Hasan said, "All is easy for Him." Hayn and hayyin (easy) are like layn and layyin (supple), mayt and mayyit (dead), and dayq and dayyiq (narrow).
"Were We then exhausted (a fa'ayînâ)?" (50:15) means "Did it weary Us when We formed you and formed your creation?" Lughüb (sense of weariness) (35:35) and in (50:38) means fatigue. Atwâr (successive stages) (71:14) is a stage like this and a stage like that, and He determined its stages.
3018. It is related that 'Imran ibn Husayn said, "A group came from the Banu Tamim to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he said, 'Banu Tamim, rejoice!' They said, 'You have given us good news, so give us something.' His face changed colour. Then the people of Yemen came and he said, 'O people of Yemen! Accept the good news since Banu Tamim have not accepted it.' They said, 'We accept,' so the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, began to speak about the beginning of creation and the Throne. Then a man came and said, ''Imran! Your camel has run off!' I wish that I had not got up."
3019. It is related that 'Imran ibn Husayn said, "I visited the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and hobbled my camel at the door. Some people of Banu Tamim came and he said, 'Accept the good news, Banu Tamim!' They said twice, 'You have given us good news, so give us something.' Then some of the people of Yemen came in to him and he said, Accept the good news, O people of Yemen, since Banu Tamim have not accepted it.' They said, 'We accept, Messenger of Allah. We have come to you to ask you about this matter.' He said, 'There was Allah and there was nothing but Him, and His Throne was on the water. He wrote everything in the Remembrance (the Tablet) and He created the heavens and the earth.' Then someone called out, 'Your she-camel has gone, Ibn al-Husayn!' So I went and could not see her because of the mirage. By Allah, I wish that I had left her!"
3020. It is related that 'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up among us and informed us about the beginning of creation until the point where the people of the Garden enter their places and the people of the Fire enter their places. Whoever remembered it remembered it, and whoever forgot it forgot it."
3021. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, as I think, 'Allah Almighty said, "The son of Adam has abused Me, and it is not his place to abuse Me, and He has denied Me, and it is not his to do that. His abuse is that he says that I have a son, and his denying is that he says, 'He will not bring me back as He originated me.'"'"
3022. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When Allah finished creation, He wrote in a book which is with Him above the Throne, 'My mercy predominates over My wrath.'"
II: What has come about the seven earths
The words of Allah Almighty, "It is Allah who created the seven heavens and of the earth the same number, the Command descending down through all of them, so that you might know that Allah has power over everything and that Allah encompasses all things in His knowledge." (65:12)
"The Raised Canopy," (52:5) is the heaven. "Its canopy" (79:28) is its structure in which there is life. "Its oscillating orbits" (51:7) is its regularity and beauty. "It hearkens" (84:5) is that it listens and obeys. "It disgorges what is inside it (of the dead) and empties out." (84:4) "And what extendeded it," (91:6) refers to how it is spread out. "At once they will be on the surfave, wide awake (bi's-sahira)" (79:14) is the face of the earth in which the living slept and then awakened.
3023. It is related from Abu Salama ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman that there was a dispute regarding land between him and some people and he visited 'A'isha and mentioned that to her. She said, "Abu Salama! Avoid taking land unjustly. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'If anyone wrongs someone else even to the extent of a piece of land measuring a hand's width, his neck will be encircled with it from the the seven earths.'"
3024. It is related that the father of Salim reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If anyone takes and land without right, on the Day of Rising, he will be swallowed up in the seven earths."
3025. It is related from Abu Bakra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Time has continued cyclically in the same way since the day Allah created the heavens and the earth. The year is twelve months, four of which are sacred. Three are consecutive: Dhu'l-Qa'da, Dhu'l-Hijja and al-Muharram, and there is Rajab of Mudar which is between Jumada and Sha'ban. "
3026. It is related that Sa'id ibn Zayd ibn 'Umar ibn Nufayl had litigation instigated against him by Arwa bint Aws before Marwan. She claimed that he had taken some of her due. Sa'id said, "Would I take any of her land after what I heard from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?" Marwan asked, "What did you hear from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?" He replied, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Anyone who wrongfully takes a hand's width of land will wear it round his neck down through seven earths.'"
Hisham related from his father, "Sa'id ibn Zayd said to me, 'I visited the Prophet...'"
III: On Stars
Qatada said about "We have adorned the lowest heaven with lamps," (67:4) "The creation of these stars was for three reasons: to make them an adornment for the heaven, objects with which to stone the shaytans, and signs by which people are guided. Whoever considers them for other than that has erred and wasted his portion and imposed on himself that of which he has no knowledge."
Ibn 'Abbas said, "Hashîm (dry stubble) (18:45) is'"altered.' Abb (fodder) (80:31) is what cattle eat. Anâm (creatures) (55:10) means creatures. Barzakh (interspace) (23:100) (55::20) is a screen." Mujahid said that alfâf (luxurious growth) (78:16) is dense growth, and ghulb (dense) (80:30) also means "dense". Firâsh (a couch) (2:22) is a resting place, which is like His words, "You will have residence on the earth." (2:36; 7:24). Nakid (that which is niggardly) (7:58 means "scant".
IV: The description of the sun and the moon running with precision (cf. 55:5)
Mujahid said that it is like the circumference (husban) of the mill-stone. Another said that it is according to a precise reckoning (hisab) and stages which they do not exceed. Husbân is the plural of hisâb (reckoning), like shihâb and shuban.
Duhâhâ (its splendour) (91:1) is its light. "...to ovetake the moon" (36:40) means that the light of one of them does not veil the light of the other, and that is not proper for them. "Outstrip the day" (36:40) means that they do not race one another. "We peel away" (36:37) means "We remove one of them from the other and We make each of them continue." Wâhiya (flimsy) (69:16) is that its weakness will make it split apart. Arjâ'ihâ (its sides) (69:17) is what is split from it, so they are on its edges, as you say, "On the edge of the well." Aghtash (He darkens) (79:29) and janna (6:76) both mean "to make dark".
Al-Hasan said that kuwwirat (when it is folded up) (81:1) means that it will be folded up so that is light departs. "The Night and all it shrouds" (84:17) is the gathering of animals. "Fullness" (84:18) is evenness. "Buruj" (15:16; 25:61) refers to the stages of the sun and moon. Harür (heat) (35:21) is in the day by the sun.
Ibn 'Abbas and Ru'aba said that harur is heat at night and sammum is in the day. One says yuliju (merges into) (22:61) for folded up, and walîja (9:16) is everything that enters into something.
3027. It is related from Abu Dharr that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked Abu Dharr when the sun set, "'Do you know where it goes?' I replied, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said, 'It goes until it prostrates under the Throne. Then it asks permission and is given permission. It is nearly the time when it will prostrate and it will not be accepted from it, and it will ask permission and will not be given permission. It will be told, "Go back from whence you came,' and it will rise in the west. That is the words of Allah Almighty, "And the sun runs to its resting place. That is the decree of the Almighty, the All-Knowing."' (36:38)"
3028. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The sun and the moon will be folded up on the Day of Rising."
3029. It is related that Ibn 'Umar reported from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "The sun and the moon are not eclipsed because of anyone's life or death. Rather they are two of the signs of Allah. When you see them, pray."
3030. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The sun and moon are two of Allah's signs. They are not eclipsed for the life or death of anyone. When you see an eclipse, remember Allah."
3031. It is related from 'A'isha, "There was an eclipse of the sun one day and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood and made a long recitation. Then did a long ruku'. Then he raised his head and said, 'Allah hears whoever praises him.' He stood where he was and recited a long recitation which was close to the first recitation. Then he he did a long ruku' which was close to the first ruku'. Then he prostrated a long recitation. Then he did in the second rak'at the like of that. Then he said the taslim and the sun had cleared. He addressed the people and spoke about the eclipse of the sun and moon, 'The sun and moon are two of Allah's signs. They are not eclipsed for the life or death of anyone. When you see an eclipse, then go to the prayer.'"
3032. It is related from Abu Mas'ud that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The sun and the moon are not eclipsed because of anyone's death. Rather they are two of the signs of Allah. When you see them, then pray."
V: What has come about His words, "It is He who sends out the winds, bringing advance news of His mercy." (25:48)
Qâsif (a gale) (17:69) is a wind which smashes everything. Lawâqih (fecundating winds) (15:22) are those winds which fertilise. I'sâr (whirlwind) (2:266) is a fierce wind which blows from the earth to the heaven like a pillar in which there is a fire. Sirr (nipping frost) (3:117) is cold. Nushur (77:3) is "scattering".
3033. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I was helped to victory by the east wind and 'Ad was destroyed by the west wind."
3034. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw a cloud in the sky, he would walk to and fro, and go in and go out again and his face would change colour. When it rained, that would leave him." 'A'isha informed him about that and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I do not know. Perhaps it will be like the people, 'When they saw it as a storm cloud advancing on their valleys...' (46:24)"
VI: Concerning angels
Anas said, "'Abdullah ibn Salam said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,'Among the angels, Jibril is the enemy of the Jews.'"
Ibn 'Abbas said that "We are those drawn up in ranks" (37:165) refers to the angels.
3035. It is related from Malik ibn Sa'sa'a that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "While I was at the House, between sleep and being awake, (and he mentioned) between two men, I was brought a golden tray filled with wisdom and belief. My chest was opened from the throat to the lower abdomen and then my abdomen was was washed with Zamzam water and then it was filled with wisdom and belief. I was brought a white animal, smaller than a mule and larger than a donkey: al-Buraq. I went with Jibril until we reached the lowest heaven. It was said, 'Who is this?' He replied, 'Jibril.' It was asked, 'Who is with you?' He answered, 'Muhammad.' It was said, 'Has he been sent for?' 'Yes,' was the answer. It was said, 'Welcome to him! What an excellent visitor has come!' I came to Adam and greeted him. He said, 'Welcome to you, a son and a Prophet!' We reached the second heaven and it was said, 'Who is this?' He replied, 'Jibril.' It was said, 'Who is with you?' He answered, 'Muhammad.' It was said, 'Has he been sent for?' He replied, 'Yes.' It was said, 'Welcome to him! What an excellent visitor has come!' I came to 'Isa and Yahya and they said, 'Welcome to you, a brother and a Prophet!' We reached the third heaven and it was said, 'Who is this?' He said, 'Jibril.' It was said, 'Who is with you?' He said, 'Muhammad.' It was said, 'Has he been sent for?' He said, 'Yes.' It was said, 'Welcome to him! What an excellent visitor has come!' I came to Yusuf and greeted him and he said, 'Welcome to you, a brother and a Prophet!' We reached the fourth heaven and it was said, 'Who is this?' He replied, 'Jibril.' It was asked, 'Who is with you?' He answered, 'Muhammad.' It was said, 'Has he been sent for?' He replied, 'Yes.' It was said, 'Welcome to him! What an excellent visitor has come!' I came to Idris and greeted him, and he said, 'Welcome to you, a brother and a Prophet!' We reached the fifth heaven and it was asked, 'Who is this?' He replied, 'Jibril.' It was asked, 'Who is with you?' He said, 'Muhammad.' It was said, 'Has he been sent for?' He answered, 'Yes.' It was said, 'Welcome to him! What an excellent visitor has come!' We came to Harun and I greeted him and he said, 'Welcome to you, a brother and a Prophet!' We reached the sixth heaven and it was said, 'Who is this?' He replied, 'Jibril.' It was said, 'Who is with you?' He answered, 'Muhammad.' It was said, 'Has he been sent for?' He answered, 'Yes.' It was said, 'Welcome to him! What an excellent visitor has come!' I came to Musa, peace be upon him, and he said, 'Welcome to you, a brother and a Prophet!' When I pased on, he wept, and was asked, 'Why are you weeping?' He said, 'O Lord, more of the community of this lad who was sent after me will enter the Garden than those of my community!' We reached the seventh heaven, and it was said, 'Who is this?' He replied, 'Jibril.' It was said, 'Who is with you?' He said, 'Muhammad.' It was asked, 'Has he been sent for?' He replied, 'Yes.' It was said, 'Welcome to him! What an excellent visitor has come!' I came to Ibrahim and greeted him. He said, 'Welcome to you, a son and a Prophet!'
"The Inhabited House was shown to me and I questioned Jibril who said, 'This is the Inhabited House. Every day seventy thousand angels pray in it, and when they leave, they do not return to it. It is the first and last time they enter. Then I was shown the Lote-tree of the Limit and its fruits were like the pots of Hajar, and its leaves were like elephant ears. At its root spring four rivers: two hidden rivers and two visible rivers. I asked Jibril and he said, 'The two hidden ones are in the Garden, and the two visible ones are the Nile and Euphrates.' Then fifty prayers were made obligatory for me.
"I went until I came to Musa who said, 'What did you do?' I said, 'Fifty prayers were made obligatory for me.' He said, 'I know people better than you. I had a terrible experience with the tribe of Israel. Your community will not be capable of it. So back to your Lord and ask Him.' I went back and asked and He made it forty. Then the like of it happened, and it was thirty, and then the like of it and He made it twenty, and then the like of it and He made it ten. Then I went to Musa and he said the like of it and He made it five. I went to Musa and he said, 'What have you done?' I said, "He made it five.' He said the like of that, but I said, 'I have submitted to what is good.' There was a call, 'I have imposed My obligation and have lightened it for My slaves and I will repay the good action with ten.'"
It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "In the Inhabited House."
3036. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who is the truthful confirmed one, said, 'The way that each of you is created is that you are gathered in your mother's womb for forty days as a sperm-drop and then for a similar length of time as a blood-clot and then for a similar length of time as a lump of flesh. Then an angel is sent and he breathes the spirit into you and is encharged with four commandments: to write down your provision, your life-span, your actions, and whether you will be wretched or happy. Then the spirit is breathed into him. So a man among you can do the actions of someone destined for the Garden until there is only an armspan between him and it, and then what is written will overtake him and he will do the actions of someone destined for the Fire . A man among you can do the actions of someone destined for the Fire until there is only an armspan between him and it, and then what is written will overtake him and he will do the actions of someone destined for the Garden.'"
3037. It is related from Abu Hurayra from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace...
It is corroborated from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When Allah loves a slave, He calls out to Jibril, 'Allah loves so-and-so, so love him!' and Jibril loves him. Then a call goes out among the people of heaven, ''Allah loves so-and-so, so love him!' and the people of heaven love him. Then acceptance is placed in the earth for him."
3038. It is related from 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, that she heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "The angels descend in the mists, which are the clouds, and mention that something has been decreed in the heaven. The shaytans eavesdrop and hear it and then reveal it to the soothsayers, and they add a hundred lies to it from themselves."
3039. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ""On the Day of Jumu'a, the angels stand at the every door of the mosque and write down the first to come and then those who follow. When the Imam comes out, they roll up their scrolls and listen to the reminder."
3040. It is related that Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab said, "'Umar passed by in the mosque while Hassan was reciting poetry. He said, "I used to recite in it when there was someone better than you in it!' Then he returned to Abu Hurayra and said, "'I ask you by Allah, did you hear the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "Hassan, reply in defence of me. O Allah, help him by means of the Pure Spirit!"' Abu Hurayra said, 'Yes.'"
3041. It is related that al-Bara' said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to Hassan, "Satirise them - and Jibril is with you."
3042. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "It is as if I could see the dust rising in the alley of the Banu Ghanm."
Musa added, "By the procession of Jibril."
3043. It is related from 'A'isha that al-Harith ibn Hisham asked the Messenger of Allah, "How does the revelation come to you?" He answered, "All these ways. Sometimes like the ringing of a bell which then leaves me after I have fully understood and retained what was said - and this is the hardest on me. Sometimes the angel comes to me in the form of a man and speaks to me and I retain what he says."
3044. It is related from Abu Hurayra that he heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,said, "If someone spends two things in the way of Allah, the guardians of the Garden, every guardian of a gate, call to him, 'O so-and-so! Come!' Abu Bakr said, 'Messenger of Allah, that is the one who will not be destroyed!' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I hope that you will be one of them.'"
3045. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to her, "O 'A'isha, this is Jibril who gives the greeting to you." She said, "And upon him be peace and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. You see what I do not see," meaning the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
3046. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked Jibril, 'Why do you not visit us more often than you do?'" He said, "Then it was sent down, 'We do not descend except at your Lord's command.Everything in front of us, and everything behind us, and everything in between belongs to Him.' (19:64)"
3047. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Jibril read to me in one mode, and I continued to ask him for more until it reached seven modes (ahruf)."
3048. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was the most generous of people, and he was even more generous in Ramadan when Jibril met him. He used to met him every night in Ramadan to go through the Qur'an with him. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was more generous with good than the blowing wind."
The like is related with this isnad. Abu Hurayra and Fatima related from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that Jibril used to read the Qur'an to him.
3049. It is related from Ibn Shihab that one day 'Umar ibn 'Abdu'l-'Aziz delayed the 'Asr prayer a little. 'Urwa said to him, "Jibril descended and prayed in front of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." 'Umar said,, "Know what you are relating, 'Urwa!". He said, "I heard Bashir ibn Abi Mas'ud say that he heard Abu Mas'ud say that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Jibril descended and led me in the prayer, and I prayed with him, and then I prayed with him, and then I prayed with him, and then I prayed with him, and then I prayed with him,' counting the five prayers with his fingers."
3050. It is related from Abu Dharr that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Jibril said to me, "Anyone of your community who dies without associating anything with Allah will enter the Garden (or "will not enter the Fire")."' He said, 'Even he if fornicates and even if he steals?' He said, 'Even so.'"
3051. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There are angels which take turns in being with you in the night and other angels in the day and they meet together at the prayers of Fajr and 'Asr. Then the ones who were with you during the night ascend and Allah asks them - although He knows better than they do - 'How were My slaves when you left them?' They say, 'When we left them they were praying and when we came to them, they were praying.'"
VII: When one of you says, "Amen," as do the angels in the heaven, and they coincide with one another, he will be forgiven his past wrong actions.
3052. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I stuffed a cushion with some pictures on it for the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which was like a small cushion. He came and stood between the two doors and his face began to change. I asked, 'What have we done, Messenger of Allah?' He replied, 'What is this cushion?' I said, 'It is a cushion I have put for you to recline on.' He said, 'Do you not know that the angels do not enter a house which contains an image? On the Day of Rising, those who made these imageswill be punished and will be told, "Bring what you created to life."'"
3053. It is related that Abu Talha heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Angels do not enter a house in which there is a dog or the image of a living creature."
3054. It is related from Busr ibn Sa'id that Zayd ibn Khalif al-Juhani related to him while he was with 'Ubadyullah al-Khawlani who had been in the care of Maymuna, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Zayd ibn Khalid related to them that Abu Talha had related to him that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The angels do not enter a house in which there is an image."
Busr said, "Zayd ibn Khalid became ill and we visited him. In his room we saw a curtain which had images on it. I said to 'Ubaydullah al-Khawlani, 'Did he not relate to us about images?' He said, 'He said, "Except for printing on cloth." Did you not hear it?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'Indeed he mentioned it.'"
3055. It is related from Salim's father, ""The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made an appointment with Jibril and he said, 'We do not enter a house in which there is an image or a dog.'"
3056. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the Imam says, 'Allah hears whoever praises Him,' say, 'O Allah, our Lord, praise belongs to You.' Anyone whose words coincide with those of the angels will be forgiven his past wrong actions.'"
3057. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "One of you is in the prayer as long as he is waiting for the prayer, and the angels say, 'O Allah, forgive him! O Allah, show mercy to him!' as long as you do not rise from the place in which you prayed and do not break wudu'."
3058. It is related from Ya'la, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recite on the minbar, 'They will cry, "O Malik!"' (43:77)" Sufyan said that in the reading of 'Abdullah, "They will cry, 'O Mali!'"
3059. It is related from 'A'isha that she asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Have you ever experienced a worse day than the day of Uhud?" He replied, "I experienced much harm from your people, and the worst that I experienced from them was on the Day of 'Aqaba when I presented myself to Ibn 'Abdu Yalil ibn 'Abd Kulal and he did not grant me what I wanted. I went off in great grief and felt no relief until I arrived at Qarn ath-Tha'alib. Then I lifted my head and there was a cloud shading me, and I looked and in it was Jibril, and he called to me and said, 'Allah Almighty has heard what your people have said to you and how they answered you. Allah has sent the Angel of the Mountains to you for you to command him to do whatever you wish to them.' The Angel of the Mountains called to me and greeted me and then said, 'O Muhammad, order what you will? If you like, I will crush them with the two heavy mountains.'" The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Rather I hope that Allah will produce from their loins people who worship Allah alone without associating anything with Him."
3060. It is related that Abu Ishaq ash-Shaybani said, "I asked Zirr ibn Hubaysh about the words of Allah Almighty, 'He was two bows'-lengths away or even closer. Then He revealed to His slave what He revealed.' (53:9-10) He said, 'Ibn Mas"ud related to us that he saw Jibril who has six hundred wings.'"
3061. It is related from 'Abdullah about, "He saw some of the Greatest Signs of his Lord." (53:18), "He saw a green carpet spread out, blocking the horizon of the heaven."
3062. It is related that 'A'isha said, "Whoever claims that Muhammad saw his Lord, has committed an enormity. Rather he saw Jibril in his real form, and his created form blocked out the horizon."
3063. It is related that Masruq said, "I said to 'A'isha, 'So what His words, "Then he drew near and hung suspended. He was two bows'-lengths away or even closer." (53:8-9)?' She said, 'That was Jibril. He used to come to him in the form of a man, and this time he came to him in his form which is his real form, and he blocked out the horizon.'"
3064. It is related that Samura said the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Last night I dreamt that two men came to me and said, 'The one who kindles the Fire is Malik, the Guardian of the Fire, and I am Jibril and this is Mika'il.'"
3065. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'When a man calls his wife to bed and she refuses to come and he spends the night angry with her, the angels curse her until morning.'"
It is corroborated by Shu'ba, Abu Hamza, Ibn Dawud and Abu Mu'awiya from al-A'mash.
3066. It is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah £ that he heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Then the revelation was interrupted for me for a time, and while I was out walking, I heard a voice from heaven. I raised my eyes and there was the same angel who had come to me at Hira'. He was sitting on a chair between the sky and the earth. I was so afraid of him that I fell to the ground and I went to my family and said, 'Wrap me up! Wrap me up!' Then Allah sent down, 'O you enveloped in your cloak! Arise and warn. Magnify your Lord. Purify your clothes. Shun all filth.' (74:1-5)"
Abu Salama said that "rajz" are idols.
3067. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "On the Night I was taken on the Journey I saw Musa, a man of brown skin, tall, with curly-hair, like one of them men Shanu'a, and I saw 'Isa, a man of medium height, medium complexion, tending to redness and white and straight hair. I saw Malik, the guardian of the Fire. The Dajjal was one of the signs which Allah showed me. 'Be in no doubt about the meeting with him.' (32:23)
Anas and Abu Bakr reported from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Angels will guard Madina against the Dajjal."
VIII: What has come about the description of the Garden and that it is created
Abu'l-'Aliyya said that its people are "pure" from menstruation, urine and spittle. "When they are given fruit there as provision" i.e. when they are given something, then are brought something else. "They will say, 'This is what we were given before" is what we were given earlier. "For they were only a simulation of it" (2:25) means they resemble one another while the taste is different.
"Qutüfuha" (its ripe fruit hanging) (69:23) means that it will be plucked however they wish, "daniya (close to hand)" is near. "ara'ik (couches)" (18:31) are elevated seats.
Al-Hasan said, "'Radiance' (76:11) is in the faces and joy is in the heart."
Mujahid said that "Salsabil" (76:18) is strongly flowing. "Headache (ghawl)" is the pain in the stomach and "will not become stupefied" means that they will not lose their rationality. (37:47)
Ibn 'Abbas said, "Overflowing" (78:34) is completely filled up. "nubile" (78:33) is with breasts.
"Rahiq" is wine, and Tasnim is the finest drink of the people of the Garden, and "its seal", i.e. its clay "is musk." (83:25-27) "Gushing" (55:66) is outflowing.
One says "mawduna" (56:15) for "woven". One says, "the girth (widan) of a she-camel."
Kawb (goblet) is that which has no handle. Abariq are vessels with handles. 'Urub (56: 18) means of like age, and the singular is 'arüb, like sabür and subur. The people of Makka are called al-'Ariba and the people of Madina are al-ghanija and the people of Iraq are ash-shakila.
Mujahid said that "rawh" (56:89) is a garden and relaxation while "rayhan" is provision. "Mandud" (56:29) are bananas. Makhdud" (56:28) means heavily laden, and it is also said thatit is without thorns. "'Arub" are those who are agreeable to their husbands. It is said that "maskûb" (56:31) means flowing. "On elevated couches" (56:34) means on top of one another. "Lawgh" is vanity and "ta'thim" is lying. "Afnan" (55:48) are branches and "the fruit of the Gardens hanging close to hand" (55:54) is that which is near to gather. "Mudhammatan" (55:64) means dark (extremely lush) from irrigation."
3068. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of you dies, he is shown his destined place morning and evening. If he is one of the people of the Garden, it is among the people of the Garden. If he is one of the people of the Fire, it is among the people of the Fire."
3069. It is related from 'Imran ibn Husayn that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I looked in the Garden and saw that most of its people were the poor. I looked in the Fire and saw that most of its people were women."
3070. It is related that Abu Hurayra said,"While we were with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, he said, 'While I was asleep and saw himself in the Garden. There was a woman doing wudu' beside a palace. I asked, "To whom does this palace belong?" They said, "To 'Umar ibn al-Khattab." I remembered his jealousy and turned back.' 'Umar wept and said, 'Would I have jealously on account of you, Messenger of Allah?'"
3071. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Qays al-Ash'ari that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The tent is a hollow pearl which rises thirty miles in the sky and in each corner of it, the believer will have a family that others do not see." Abu 'Abdu's-Damad and al-Harith ibn 'Ubayd quoted from Abu 'Imran, "Sixty miles."
3072. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Allah Almighty said, 'I have prepared for My righteous slaves something that the eye has not seen nor the ear heard and that has not occurred to the heart of man. Recite if you wish, "No self knows the delight that is hidden away for it in recompense for what it used to do." (32:18)'"
3073. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The first group to enter the Garden will be like the moon on the night of the full moon. They will not need to spit nor blow their noses nor defecate. Their vessels will be golden and their combs will be gold and silver. Their braziers will burn fragrant aloes-wood and their perspiration will be like musk. Each of them will have two wives, so beautiful that the marrow of their thighs will be able to be seen through the flesh, and there will be no disagreement between them nor any ill will. Their hearts will be one, glorifying Allah morning and evening."
3074. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The first group to enter the Garden will be like the moon on the night of the full moon, then those who follow them will be like the brightest planet in light. Their hearts will unified, and there will be no disagreement between them nor any ill will. Each of them will have two wives, each so beautiful that the marrow of her thighs will be able to be seen through the flesh. They will glorify Allah morning and evening. They will not become ill nor blow their noses nor spit. Their dishes will be made of gold and silver, and their combs will be gold. The fuel of their braziers will be aloes (Abu'l-Yaman said that it means aloes) and their sweat will be musk."
Mujahid said, "Ibkâr is the beginning of dawn and 'ashi is when the one declines until, I think, it sets."
3075. It is related from Sahl ibn Sa'id that the Prophet*, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "70,000 or 700,000 of my community will enter. The first of them will not enter until the last of them has entered. Their faces will be like the moon on the night it is full."
3076. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was given a silk brocade jubbah and he had forbidden silk. The people admired it and he said, 'By the One who has the soul of Muhammad in His hand, the handkerchief of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh in the Garden is better than this!'"
3077. It is related that al-Bara' ibn 'Azib was heard to say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was given a silk garment and they began to admire its beauty and softness. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The handkerchief of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh in the Garden is better than this!'"
3078. It is related from Sahl ibn Sa'd as-Sa'idi that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The place of a whip in the Garden is better than this world and what is contains."
3079. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is a tree in the Garden in whose shade a rider could travel for a hundred years without riding across it."
3080. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is a tree in the Garden in whose shade a rider could travel for a hundred years. Recite, if you like, 'in wide-spreading shade'. (56:30) A bow length of one of you in the Garden is better than what the rises or sets on."
3081. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The first group to enter the Garden will be like the moon on the night of the full moon, then those who follow them will be like the brightest planet in light. Their hearts will unified, and there will be no disagreement between them nor any ill will. Each of them will have two wives from the wide-eyed houris, each so beautiful that the marrow of her thighs will be able to be seen through the bones and flesh."
3082. It is related from al-Bara' ibn 'Azib that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said when [his son] Ibrahim died, 'He has a wet-nurse in the Garden.'"
3083. It is related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The people of the Garden will look at the people in the rooms above them as you look at a bright star far on the horizon of the east or the west because of the great distance between them." They asked, "O Messenger of Allah, are those the stations of the Prophets which only they attain?" He replied, "Rather, by the One in whose hand my soul is, they are men who believed in Allah and confirmed the Messengers."
IX: Description of the Gates of the Garden
The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The one who spends on two kinds of actions will be summoned a gate of the Garden."
3084. It is related from Sahl ibn Sa'd that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There are eight gates in the Garden, including a gate called ar-Rayyan which only the fasters will enter."
X: Description of the Fire, and that it is created
"Ghassaq" (78:25) is used for fluid from eye and fluid from a wound. It appears that ghasaq and ghasq are the same. "Ghislin" (69:36) refers to everything which you wash and something comes out of it. That is ghislin, which is from the wound and the back [of camels].
'Ikrima said that "fuel (hasab) for Hell" (21:98) is firewood in Abyssinian. Another said that hâsib (17:68) means a tempestuous wind. Hasib is what the wind throws into the air, and from that comes the hasib of Hell which is what is thrown into Jahannam and they are your fuel. One says hasaba to refer to "going into the earth". Hasab is derived from stone pebbles. Sadîd (14:16) is pus and blood. Khabat (17:97) means "to be extinguished". Turun (56:71) means "to bring out "or "to kindle". "The travellers in the wild (muqwin)" (56:73) are the travellers. Qay' is the wilderness.
Ibn 'Abbas said that "sirat al-Jahim" (37:23) is the level or middle of Jahim. "A mixture made of boiling water" (37:67) is that their food is mixed and combined with boiling water. "Zafirun wa shahiq" (11:106) is a strong sound and a weak sound. "Wird" (19:86) means "thirsty". Ghayy (19:59) is loss. Mujahid said that "yusjarün" (40:72) is "to kindle fire on them". Nuhas (55:35) is brass which is poured on their heads. It is said that "taste" (22:22) is direct touch and experience. This is not tasting which occurs in the mouth. Marij (55:15) is pure fire. One uses the verb maraja of the subjects of an amir when he lets them fight one another. Marij (50:5) is confused. When it is used of the state of the people, they are muddled. "He has let loose the two seas." (55:19) When the verb is used about an animal, one lets it go.
3085. It is related that Abu Dharr was heard to say, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was on a journey and said, 'Let it get cooler. Let it get cooler,' until the shade, i.e. of the hills, extended. Then he said, 'Delay the prayer until it gets cooler. Intense heat is from the blast of Jahannam.'"
3086. It is related that Abu Sa'id mentioned that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Delay the prayer until it gets cooler. Intense heat is from the blast of Jahannam."
3087. It is related that Abu Hurayra was heard to say that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The Fire complained to its Lord, 'O Lord, part of me consumes the other part.' So He gave it permission to breathe out twice - one breath in the winter and one in the summer. The breath in the summer is the most intense heat you feel and the breath in the winter, the most intense cold you feel."
3088. It is related that Abu Jamra ad-Duba'i said, "I used to sit with Ibn 'Abbas in Makka and came down with a fever. He said. "Cool is for yourself with Zamzam water. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The fever comes from the blast of Jahannam, so cool it with water,' or he said, 'with Zamzam water.' (Hammam was unsure.)"
3089. It is related that Rafi' ibn Khadij said that he heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "Fever is from the intense heat of Jahannam, so cool it for yourselves with water."
3090. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Fever is from the blast of Jahannam, so cool it with water."
3091. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Fever is from the blast of Jahannam, so cool it with water."
3092. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Your fire is a seventieth of the Fire of Jahannam." It was said, "Messenger of Allah, it would have been enough!" He said, "Sixty-nine parts are added to them, each of them as hot as it is."
3093. It is related from Ya'la, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recite on the minbar, 'They will cry, "O Malik!"' (43:77)"
3094. It is said that Abu Wa'il said, "It was said to Usama, 'Will you go to so-and-so ['Uthman] and speak to him [about what is happening]?' He said, "You think that I do not speak to him except when you hear? I speak to him secretly without opening a door which I do not wish to be the first to open. Nor will I say to a man who is amir over me that he is the best of people after something which I heard from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." They asked, "What did you hear him say?" He said, "I heard him say, "A man will be brought on the Day of Rising and thrown into the Fire and the intestines of his belly will come out and he will be dragged round by them as the donkey goes round the mill. The people of the Fire will gather round him and say, "So-and-so! What has happened to you? Did you not command the right and forbid the wrong?" He will say, "Yes. I used to command the right and forbid the wrong and then do it.'"
Ghundar narrated it from Shu'ba from al-A'mash.
XI: Description of Iblis and his armies
Mujahid said that "yuqdhafûn" (37:8) means "to be thrown", and "duhür" (37:8) means "driven away", and "wâsib" (37:9) is constant.
Ibn 'Abbas said that "madhür" (7:18) means "driven away". It is said that "marîd" (4:117) means recalcitrant, and battaka (4:119) means "to cut". "Istafzir" (17:64) means "to make light of". "Khaylaka" is cavalry and "rajlika" is infantry, the singular being râjil, like sâhib and sahb, and tâjir and tajr." "I will be the master" (17:62) means "to tame". "Qarîn" (43:36) is Shaytan.
3095. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was bewitched so that he would imagine that he had done a thing which he had not done it until one day he made supplication and did so again. Then he said, 'Are you aware that Allah has informed me of that in which my cure lies? Two men came to me and one of them sat at my head and the other and at my feet, and one asked the other, "What ails the man?" He answered, "Bewitched." He asked, "And who has bewitched him?" He replied, "Labid ibn al-A'sam." He said, "Using what?" He replied, "A comb, flax and the husk of a male palm spathe." He asked, "Where is it?" He said, "In the well of Dharwan."' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to it and then came back." He said to 'A'isha when he returned, "Its palms are like the heads of devils." I asked, "Did you take it out?' He said, 'No, for Allah has cured me and I fear that that would provoke evil among the people.' Then the well was stopped up."
3096. It is related from Abu Hurayra, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Shaytan ties three knots at the back of your heads when you are asleep. He hits every knot with the words, 'You have a long night ahead of you so sleep tight.' When you wake up and remember Allah, one knot is undone. When you do wudu', one knot is undone. When you pray, one knot is undone. So morning finds you cheerful and energetic. Otherwise, morning finds you lazy and foul-tempered.'"
3097. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "A man was mentioned in the presence of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and it was said of him that he had continued to sleep into the morning without having got up for the prayer. He said, 'Shaytan urinated in his ear (or ears).'"
3098. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If one of you comes to his wife and says, 'In the name of Allah. O Allah, protect us from Shaytan and protect any child You grant us from Shaytan,' and a child is decreed for them, Shaytan will not harm him."
3099. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the edge of the sun appears, then leave the prayer until it has appeared, and when the edge of the sun sets, then leave the prayer until it has set. Do not pray at sunset or sunset. The sun rises between the horns of a shaytan - or Shaytan." (I do not think that Hisham said that.)
3100. It is related that Abu Sa'id said, 'I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "When one of you is praying and someone tries to pass in front of him, he should stop him. If he resists, he should stop him. If he still resists, then use force for he is nothing but a shaytan."'"
3101. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah*, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put me in charge of guarding the zakat of Ramadan. Someone came to me and began to take handfuls of food. I grabbed him and said, 'By Allah, I will take you to the Messenger of Allah!' - and he mentioned the hadith - "He said, 'When you go to bed, recite the Throne Verse, and you will have someone guarding over you from Allah and shaytan will not come near you until morning.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'He told you the truth even though he is a liar. That was Shaytan.'"
3102. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Shaytan comes to one you and says, 'Who created such-and-such? Who created such-and-such?' until he says, 'Who created your Lord?' When it reaches that, then seek refuge with Allah and leave it."
3103. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When Ramadan comes, the gates of the Garden are opened, the gates of Jahannam are closed and the shaytans are chained."
3104. It is related from Ubayy ibn Ka'b that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "Musa said to his attendant, "'Bring us our morning meal.'... He said, "Do you see what has happened? When we went to find shelter at the rock, I forgot the fish. No one made me forget to remember it except Shaytan."' (18:62-63) Musa did not experience fatigue until he had gone beyond the place which Allah had commanded."
3105. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pointing to the east and saying, 'Sedition arises from here. Sedition arises from here, from where the horn of Shaytan appears.'"
3106. It is related from Jabir that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When night darkens - and when night becomes dark - keep your children with you. Shaytan spreads out at that time. When an hour of the evening has pased, then let them go. Lock your door and mention the Name of Allah. Put out your lamp and mention the Name of Allah. Cover your water vesels and mention the Name of Allah. Cover your vessels and mention the Name of Allah, even if you have to improvise something across them."
3107. It is related that Safiyya bint Huyayy said, "One night I went to visit the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while he was doing i'tikaf. I spoke to him and then got up to return. He got up with me to see me back. (Her dwelling was in the house of Usama bint Zayd.) Two men of the Ansar passed by him and when they saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, they quickened their pace. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Take it esy! It is Safiyya bint Huyayy.' They said, 'Glory be to Allah, Messenger of Allah!' He said, 'Shaytan gets to everywhere in a man that his blood gets to and I feared that he might cast evil - or something - something into your hearts.'"
3108. It is related that Sulayman ibn Surad said, "One day I was sitting with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while two men were were quarreling. The face of one of them became red and his veins stood out. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I know a word which, if you say it, will remove what you feel.' (Or he said '"I seek refuge with Allah from the accursed Shaytan' will remove from him what he feels.') They told him that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Seek refuge with Allah from the accursed Shaytan.' He retorted, 'Am I mad then?'"
3109. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If one of you comes to his wife and says, 'In the name of Allah. 'Keep Shaytan from us and keep Shaytan from any child You grant us,' then if they have a child, Shaytan will not harm him nor have control of him."
3110. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed a prayer and said, "Shaytan came before me and worked hard against me to try and to disconnect me from my prayer, but Allah gave me power over him."
3111. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ""When the call to prayer is done Shaytan retreats, farting. When the call is finished he comes back again until the iqama is done, when he retreats again. When the iqama is finished, he comes back again, insinuating himself between a man and his heart and saying, 'Think of such-and-such, think of such-and-such,' until the man does not know if he has prayed three or four rak'ats. If he does not know whether he has prayed three or four rak'ats, he should do the two prostrations of forgetfulness."
3112. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Shaytan pokes every child of Adam in his sides with his fingers when he is born, except for 'Isa ibn Maryam. He went to poke, but poked the placenta."
3113. It is related that 'Alqama said, "I went to Syria and asked, 'Who is here?' They answered, 'Abu'd-Darda'.' He said, 'Is the one whom Allah protected from Shaytan by the tongue of His Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, among you?'"
It is related from al-Mughira that the one whom Allah protected by the tongue of His Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was 'Ammar.
3114. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The angels talk in the clouds about what has been commanded on earth and the shaytans hear a word and then pour it into the ear of the soothsayer as one pours into a bottle, and then they add a hundred lies with it."
3115. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Yawning is from Shaytan. When one of you yawns, he should restrain it as much as he can. When one of you says, 'Ha', Shaytan laughs."
3116. It is related that 'A'isha said, "On the Day of Uhud when the idolaters were defeated, Shaytan shouted, 'O slaves of Allah! Watch your backs!' and the first of them turned back to fight the last of them. Hudhayfa looked, and there was his father, al-Yaman, and he cried out, 'O slaves of Allah! My father! My father!' By Allah, they did not leave him until they had killed him. Hudhayfa said, 'May Allah forgive them.' 'Urwa said, 'Hudhayfa continued to pray for good regarding it until he met Allah.'"
3117. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about a man looking around in the prayer and he said, 'It is one of Shaytan's ways of making off with someone's prayers.'"
3118. It is related that Qatada said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The true dream is from Allah, and the normal dream is from Shaytan. When one of you has a dream which alarms him, then he should spit to his left side and seek refuge with Allah from their evil and it will not harm him."
3119. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever says, 'There is no god but Allah alone with no partner. He has the kingdom and He has the praise and He has power over everything,' a hundred times a day has the equivalent of freeing a hundred slaves, and a hundred good deeds are written for him and a hundred evil deeds are effaced from him, and he has protection from Shaytan on that day until evening. No one will do better than what he has done except someone who had done more than that."
3120. It is related that Sa'id ibn Abi Waqqas said, "'Umar asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for permission to enter while there were some women of Quraysh with him who speaking to him and asking him for more in loud voices. When 'Umar asked for permission to enter, they rushed to screen themselves. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave him permission to enter and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was laughing. 'Umar said, 'May Allah make you laugh, Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'I am amazed at those women who were with me. When they heard your voice, they rushed to screen themselves.' 'Umar said, 'But you, Messenger of Allah, are more entitled to be feare!.' Then he said, 'O enemies of your selves! Do you fear me and not fear the Messenger of Allah?' They said, 'Yes, you are harsher and more severe than the Messenger of Allah.' The Messenger of Allah said, 'By the One in whose hand my soul is, whenever Shaytan finds you taking a path, he only takes a path other than your path.'"
3121. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When (I think he said) one of you wakes up from sleep, he should do wudu' and wash his nose three times. Shaytan has spent the night in his nose."
XII: Concerning the jinn, and their reward and punishment
by His words, "'O company of jinn! You gained many followers among mankind.' And their friends among mankind will say, 'Our Lord, we took benefit from each other, and now we have reached the term which You determined for us.' He will say, 'The Fire is your home. You will be in it timelessly, forever, except as Allah wills. Your Lord is All-Wise, All-Knowing.' In that way We make the wrongdoers friends of one another because of what they have done. 'O company of jinn and men! Did not Messengers come to you from among you relating My Signs to you and warning you of the encounter of this Day of yours?' They will say, 'We testify against ourselves.' The life of this world deluded them and they testify against themselves that they were rejectors. That was because their Lord would never have destroyed the cities unjustly while their people were unwarned. All have ranks according to what they did. Your Lord is not heedless of anything they do." (6:130–132)
"Bahs" (72:13) means decrease.
Mujahid said about, "They claim there is a blood-tie between Him and the jinn" (37:158) that the unbelievers of Quraysh said that the angels were the daughters of Allah and their mothers were the ladies among the jinn. Allah's words, "But the jinn know very well that they will be arraigned" means that they will present themselves for the Reckoning. "An army mobilised" (36:75) is in the Reckoning.
3122. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abi Sa'sa'a al-Ansari that Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said to him, "I see that you love sheep and the desert. When you are among your sheep or in the desert, give the call to prayer and raise your voice when doing it. No jinn or man or anything within range hears the voice of the mu'adhdhin without bearing witness for him on the Day of Rising." Abu Sa'id said, "I heard this from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."
XIII: The words of Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, "And We diverted a group of jinn towards you to listen to the Qur'an - to His words - Such people are clearly misguided." (46:29-32)
"Misrif" (18:53) is turning aside and "sarafnâ" means "we turned in a direction".
XIV: The words of Allah Almighty, "He scatters about in it creatures of every kind." (2:164)
Ibn 'Abbas said that thu'ban (7:107; 26:32) is the male snake.
It is said that snakes have various species: the [white] jânn, the viper and the black snakes. "He holds by the forelock" (11:56) means in His kingdom and under His power. It is said that "sâffât" (37) means "with wings outspread". "Folding them in" (67:20) is to hold in their wings.
3123. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that he heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, speaking on the minbar, and he said, 'Kill snakes. Kill the dhu't-tufaytan [one with two white lines on its back] and the abtar [with a short tail]. They cause blindness and cause miscarriages.'"
'Abdullah said, "While I was chasing a snake to kill it, Abu Lubaba called to me, 'Do not kill it.' I said, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded that snakes be killed.' He said, 'But he later forbade killing those who live in houses.'" They are the 'awâmir (long-lived).
It is related from Ma'mar, "Abu Lubaba or Zayd ibn al-Khattab saw me."
Yunus corroborated it from Salim from Ibn 'Umar, "Abu Lubaba or Zayd ibn al-Khattab saw me."
XV: The best of a Muslim's property are sheep which he follows at the tops of mountains
3124. It was related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The time will soon come when the best property of a Muslim will be some sheep which he takes to the peaks of the mountains and to places where the rain falls, in order to flee out of the fear that his deen will be tempted."
3125. It was related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The main source of rejection will be towards the east. Pride and arrogance are found in the people who have horses and camels. The loud-voiced are the people of hair-tents (i.e. the nomads) and tranquillity are found with the people who have sheep."
3126. It was related that 'Uqba ibn 'Amr and Abu Mas'ud said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pointed towards Yemen with his hand and said, 'Belief is in Yemen there. But cruelty and hard-heartedness is in those with loud voices who are following the tails of camels were the horns of Shaytan appear - Rabi' and Mudar.'"
3127. It was related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you hear the sound of a cock, ask Allah for His bounty, for it has seen an angel. When you hear the braying of a donkey, then seek refuge with Allah from Shaytan. It has seen a shaytan."
3128. It was related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the night darkens, or it is evening, then keep your children close. The Shaytans spread about at that time. When an hour of the night has passed, then let them go, Lock the doors and mention the Name of Allah. Shaytan does not open a locked door."
It is mentioned that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah he did not mention, "and mention the Name of Allah."
3129. It is mentioned from Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'A group of the tribe of Israel were lost, and I do not know what they did. But I think that they must have been turned into rats. If you put camel's milk in front of them, they will not drink. If you put sheep's milk in front of them, then they drink.' I spoke to Ka'b and he asked, 'You heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say that?' I said, 'Yes.' He asked me that several times. I said, 'Am I reading the Torah?'"
3130. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said that the gecko was "'A small vicious creature,' but I did not hear him command that it be killed." Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas claimed that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had ordered that it be killed.
3131. It is related that Umm Sharik reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had commanded her that geckoes should be killed.
3132. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Kill the dhu't-tufaytan [a snake with two white lines on its back]. It causes blindness and causes miscarriages."
Hammad ibn Salama corroborated it as Abu Usama said.
3133. It is related that 'A'isha said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded killing the abtar snake, saying, "It causes blindness and causes miscarriages."
3134. It is related from Ibn Abi Mulayka that Ibn 'Umar used to kill snakes and then forbade it. He said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, demolished a wall of his and there they found the sloughed off skin of a snake. He said, 'Look for it.' They looked and he said, 'Kill it.' So I used to kill them on that account. Then I met Abu Lubaba and he informed me that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had said, 'Do not kill the [white] jânn but only the short-tailed dhu't-tufaytan. It causes miscarriages and loss of sight. Kill it.'"
3135. It is related from Nafi' that Ibn 'Umar used to kill snakes and then Abu Lubaba informed him that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade killing house snakes, so he left them alone.
XVI: Five animals are vicious and can be killed in the Haram
3136. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Five animals are all vicious and can be killed in the Haram: mice, crows, kites, scorpions, and rabid dogs."
3137. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is nothing wrong in the muhrim killing five animals: scorpions, mice, rabid dogs, crows and kites."
3138. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "Cover vessels and tie up water-skins. Close the door and keep your children close to you at evening, for the jinn spread out and snatch things. Put out lamps when you retire. It might be that the little vicious one (the mouse) will drag away the wick and burn the people of the house."
'Ata' said, "Shaytan."
3139. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "While we were with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in a cave, al-Mursalat (77) was revealed, and we learned it directly from his mouth. Then a snake came out of its whole and we rushed to kill it, but it escaped us and entered its hole. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'It was protected from your evil as you were protected from its evil.'"
Another isnad from 'Abdullah with the like of it. He said, "We learned it directly fresh from his mouth."
It is corroborated from al-Mughira. Another isnad from 'Abdullah.
3140. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman entered the Fire on account of a cat which she shut up and neither fed it nor did she allow it to eat the earth's rodents and insects."
The like of it was related from Abu Hurayra from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
3141. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "One of the Prophets alighted under a tree and an ant bit him and he commanded that his bags be removed from under the tree and then he commanded the ant colony be burned. Allah revealed to him, 'Was it not just a single ant?'"
XVII: When a fly falls into the drink of one of you, he should dip it in it because one of its wings has a disease while the other has a cure
3142. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When a fly falls into the drink of one of you, he should dip it in it and then remove it because one of its wings has a disease while the other has a cure."
3143. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A harlot was forgiven who passed by a dog which was gasping for water at the door of a well. She said, 'It is dying of thirst.' So she removed her shoe and tied it to her scarf and brought out water for it. She was forgiven on account of that."
3144. It is related from Abu Talha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The angels do not enter a house which contains a dog or an image."
3145. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded that dogs be killed.
3146. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If someone keeps a dog, every day a qirat is deducted from his actions - except for a farm dog or a dog used for livestock."
3147. It is related from as-Sa'ib ibn Yazid that he heard Sufyan ibn Abi Zuhayr ash-Shana'i say that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'If someone keeps a dog which does not help him in farming nor livestock, every day a qirat is deducted from his actions.'" As-Sa'id said, "I asked, 'You heard this from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?' He said, 'Yes, by the Lord of this qibla.'"