hapter 26. Chapters Dealing with Actions in the Prayer

I: Making use of the hands in the prayer if it is connected with doing the prayer

Ibn 'Abbas said, "A man can make use of any part of his body he wishes to help in his prayer." Abu Ishaq took off and put on his hat during the prayer, and 'Ali placed his palm on his left wrist except when scratching his skin or arranging his clothes."

1140. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Ibn 'Abbas that he spent the night in the house of his maternal aunt, Maymuna bint al-Harith, Umm al-Mu'minin. and He said, "I lay down crossways on the bed, and the Messenger of Allah and his wife lay down lengthways on it. He slept until halfway through the night or close to it when he awoke and wiped away the sleep from his face. Then, after reciting ten verses from Ali 'Imran, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up and went over to a water-skin which was hanging up and did wudu', doing it thoroughly. Then he stood up to pray."

'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said, "I did the same, going to stand at his side. He put his right hand on my head and tweaked my ear. Then he prayed two rak'ats, then two rak'ats, then two rak'ats, then two rak'ats, then two rak'ats, then two rak'ats, and then the witr. Then he lay down until the mu'adhdhin came to him. He got up and prayed two rak'ats and then went out and prayed Subh."

II: Kinds of speech prohibited in the prayer

1141. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "We used to greet the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when he was praying and he would reply to us. But when we returned from the Negus [in Abyssinia] we greeted him and he did not reply to us. He said, 'In the prayer is occupation enough.'"

The like of it related from 'Abdullah from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

1142. It is related that Zayd ibn Arqam said, "We used to talk during the prayer in the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, someone saying what he needed to his companion, until it was revealed, 'Safeguard the prayer', (2:238) and we were commanded to be silent."

III: Glorification and praise permitted for men during the prayer

1143. It is related that Sahl said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to make peace between the members of Banu 'Amr ibn 'Awf and the time of the prayer came. Bilal went to Abu Bakr and said, 'The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, has been held up, so you should lead the people.' He said, 'Yes, if you wish.' Bilal called the iqama for the prayer and Abu Bakr came forward and started the prayer. Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came walking through the rows until he was standing in the first row and the people began to clap (tasfih)." Sahl asked, 'Do you know what tasfih is? It is the same as tasfiq.' "Abu Bakr was not someone who used to look round in his prayer but when the clapping increased he looked round and saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the row. The Prophet  indicated to him to stay where he was but Abu Bakr raised both his hands and praised Allah and stepped back and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went forward and led the prayer."

IV: Someone calling out people's names or greeting someone else during the prayer out of ignorance

1144. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud said, "We used to say the greeting in the prayer and call out people's names and greet one another. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Say: "Greetings belong to Allah, and prayers and good words. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the right-acting slaves of Allah. I testify that there is no god but Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger." If you do that, you have greeted every righteous slave in heaven and earth.'"

V: Clapping for women.

1145. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The saying of 'Glory be to Allah' is for men and clapping is for women."

1146. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said  "The saying of 'Glory be to Allah' is for men and clapping is for women."

VI: Someone moving backwards or forwards because of something that happens

Sahl ibn Sa'd related it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

1147. It is related from Anas ibn Malik, "That Monday, as the Muslims were doing ' with Abu Bakr leading the prayer, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, suddenly lifted the curtain of 'A'isha's room and looked at them standing in their rows. He smiled broadly. Abu Bakr stepped back, thinking that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wanted to come out to join the prayer. The Muslims were tested in their prayer by their joy at seeing the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He indicated with his hand for them to complete it. Then he went back into the room and let down the curtain. He died that day."

VII: If a mother calls her son while he is doing the prayer

1148. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman called her son while he was in a hermitage, saying, 'Jurayj!" He said, 'O Allah, my mother and my prayer!' She said, 'Jurayj!' He said, 'O Allah, my mother and my prayer!' She said, 'Jurayj!' He said, 'O Allah, my mother and my prayer!' She said, O Allah, do not let Jurayj die until he has looked on the face of a prostitute!' A shepherdess used to come to his hermitage, tending her sheep. She gave birth to a child and was asked, 'Whose child is this?' She said, 'Jurayj,' who came out of his hermitage. Jurayj said, 'Where is this woman who claims that her child is mine?' He said, 'Baby, who is your father?' He said, 'The shepherd.'"

VIII: Brushing away pebbles in the prayer

1149. It is related from Mu'ayqib that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said about a man smoothing out the earth where he does sajda, "If you do it, then do it once."

IX: Spreading the clothes out in the prayer to do sajda on

1150. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "Sometimes we used to pray with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in times of intense heat. If it was not possible for someone to place his face on the earth, he would spread out his garment and do sajda on that."

X: Actions which are permitted during the prayer

1151. It was related that 'A'isha said, "I used to stretch out my legs in the qibla of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while he was praying. When he went into sajda, he would touch me and I would remove them. When he stood up, I stretched them out again."

1152. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, once did a prayer and said, "Shaytan presented himself to me and tried hard to get me to break off my prayer. Allah gave me power over him and I managed to choke him. I considered tying him to a pillar so that you would be able to see him in the morning, but I remembered the words of Sulayman, peace be upon him, 'My Lord, give me a kingdom which no one after me will have.' Allah made him return humiliated."

An-Nadr ibn Shumayl said, "dha'attuhu" means choked and "da''attuhu" is from the words of Allah, "The day when they are called," (52:13) i.e. driven. What is correct is "da'attuhu". However, he said it like that with the double 'ayn and ta'.

XI: If an animal runs off while someone is doing the prayer

Qarada said, "If someone's garment is stolen, he should leave the prayer and puruse the thief."

1153. It is related from al-Azraq ibn Qays, "We were at al-Ahwaz fighting the al-Haruriyya. While I was on the bank of a river, I saw a man praying holding the reins of his animal in his hand. The animal began to struggle and he began to follow it. (Shu'ba said that the man was Abu Barza al-Aslami.) A man from the Kharijites began to say, 'O Allah! Inflict something on this old man!' When the man finished the prayer, he said, 'I heard what you said. I went on six, seven or eight expeditions with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I saw how he made things easy. I would rather return together with my animal than let it go back to its stable alone which would make things very difficult for me.'"

[The Haruriyya are the Kharijites]

1154. It is related that 'A'isha said, "There was an eclipse of the sun and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood and recited a long sura and then he went into ruku' and made the ruku' long. Then he raised his head and then began another sura. Then he went into ruku' until he finished that ruku' and then did sajda. Then he did the same thing in the second rak'at. Then he said, 'The sun and moon are two of Allah's signs. When you see this, pray until it has passed. While I was standing I saw everything that I have been promised so that when you saw me go forward it was because I saw that I wanted to take a bunch from the Garden and when you saw me draw back it was because I saw Jahannam with its parts consuming one another. In it I saw 'Amr ibn Luhayy who began the practice of sa'iba.[letting animals go free for the sake of idols]"

XII: The kinds of spitting and blowing which are allowed during the prayer

It is mentioned from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, blew out in his sajda during the eclipse.

1155. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw some phlegm on the qibla wall and became angry with the people of the mosque. He said, "When you are praying, you should not spit - or he said expectorate." Then he got down and scraped it off with his hand. Ibn 'Umar said, "When you spit, you should spit to your left."

1156. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you stand in the prayer, you are in close conversation with your Lord. You should not spit in front of you, but to your left or under your left foot."

XIII: If a man claps in his prayer out of ignorance, it does not invalidate his prayer

Sahl ibn Sa'd said that from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

XIV: If someone praying is asked to go forward or wait and then he waits, there is no harm in it

1157. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "Some men used to pray with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with their wrappers tied around their necks because of their smallness. The women were told, "Do not to raise your heads until the men are sitting up straight."

XV: Not returning the salam during the prayer

1158. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "I used to greet the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while he was praying and he would answer me. When we returned, I greeted him but he did not answer us. He said, 'In the prayer is occupation enough.'"

1159. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent me to do something and I went and returned having done it. I came up to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and greeted him but he did not return my greeting. I was upset as Allah knows best and said to myself, 'Perhaps the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is angry with me because I was slow in coming back. Then I greeted him again and he did not return my greeting and I felt even more upset than I had the first time. Then I greeted him again and he returned my greeting and said, 'I was prevented from replying to you because I was praying.' He was on his mount and he was not facing qibla."

XVI: Raising the hands during the prayer because of something that happens during it

1160. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, heard that there was some disagreement among the Banu 'Amr ibn 'Awf at Quba'. He went out with some of his Companions to make peace between them. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was delayed and it became time for the prayer. Bilal went to Abu Bakr and said, 'Abu Bakr, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is delayed and it is time for the prayer. Can you lead the people?' He said, 'Yes, if you wish.' Bilal called the iqama for the prayer and Abu Bakr went forward and said the takbir for the people. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came walking through the rows until he was standing in the first row and the people started to clap (tasfih)." (Sahl said that tasfih is the same as tasfiq.) He said, "Abu Bakr was not someone who used to look around in the prayer but when the people increased their clapping, he did turn around and there was the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He indicated to him to carry on praying but Abu Bakr raised his hands and praised Allah and then stepped backwards so that he was standing in the row. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went forward and led the prayer. When he finished, he turned to the people and said, 'Why, when something happened to you in the prayer, did you begin to clap? Clapping is for women. If something happens to you in the prayer, you should say, "Glory be to Allah!"' Then he turned to Abu Bakr and said, 'Abu Bakr, what stopped you from leading the people in prayer when I indicated to you to do it?' Abu Bakr said, 'It is not for Ibn Abi Quhafa to pray in front of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.'"

XVII: Placing the hands on the hips during the prayer

1161. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "Placing the hands on the hips during the prayer was forbidden."

It is related from Abu Hurayra from the Prophet.

1162. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "It was forbidden for a man to pray with his hands resting on his hips."

XVIII: A man reflecting on something during the prayer

'Umar said, "I [mentally] organise my army while I am doing the prayer."

1163. It is related that 'Uqba ibn al-Harith said, "I prayed 'Asr with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. When he said the taslim, he stood up quickly and went to one of his wives and then came out. He saw the people's astonishment at his speed in their faces. He said. 'While I was praying, I remembered a piece of gold in my house and I did not want it to spend the evening - or the night - in our possession, so I commanded that it be distributed.'"

1164. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the adhan for the prayer is called Shaytan retreats, passing wind, so that he will not hear it. When the mu'adhdhin is silent he comes back again, until, when the iqama is said, he once more retreats. When the mu'adhdhin is silent again, he comes back and keeps saying to a man, 'Remember such and such,' something he was not thinking about before, until the man does not know how much he has prayed."

Abu Salama ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman said, "If you do that, you should do sajdas while you are sitting." Abu Salama heard it from Abu Hurayra.

1165. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "People say, 'Abu Hurayra relates too much.' I met a man and asked him what the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had recited the day before during the 'Isha' prayer. He said, 'I do not know.' I said, 'Weren't you there?' He said, 'Yes.' I said, 'But I know. He recited such-and-such a sura.'"

Chapter 27. Chapters on Forgetfulness (sahw)

I: What has come down regarding forgetfulness in the prayer. What happens if someone gets straight up after two rak'ats of the obligatory prayer

1166. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn Buhayna said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in prayer for two rak'ats of one of the prayers and then got up without sitting back. Everyone got up with him. When he finished the prayer and we were waiting for the taslim, he said a takbir before the taslim and performed two prostrations from the sitting position and then said the taslim."

1167. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn Buhayna said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up after two rak'ats of Dhuhr without sitting back. When he finished his prayer, he performed two prostrations and then said the taslim after that."

II: If someone prays five rak'ats

1168. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed Dhuhr with five rak'ats and was asked, "Has the prayer been lengthened?" He said, "Why do you ask that?" He was told, "You prayed five." So he performed two prostrations after the taslim.

III: When you say the taslim after two rak'ats or three, you should perform two prostrations the same as the prostrations in the prayer or longer

1169. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in the Dhuhr or 'Asr prayer and said the taslim. Dhu'l-Yadayn said, 'Messenger of Allah, has the prayer been shortened?' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to his Companions, 'Is what he says true?' They said, 'Yes.' So he prayed another two rak'ats and then performed two prostrations."

Sa'd said, "I saw 'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr pray two rak'ats for Maghrib and then say the taslim. He spoke and then prayed the rest and performed two prostrations. He said, 'This is what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did.'"

IV: Someone not saying the tashahhud in the two prostrations of forgetfulness and saying the taslim.

Anas and al-Hasan did not say the tashahhud. Qatada said that the tashahhud should not be said.

1170. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished after two rak'ats and Dhu'l-Yadayn asked, 'Has the prayer been shortened or did you forget, Messenger of Allah?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Has Dhu'l-Yadyan spoken the truth?' The people said, 'Yes.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up and prayed another two rak'ats and then said the taslim. Then he said the takbir and prostrated like his normal prostration or a little longer and then came up."

1171. It is related that Salama ibn 'Alqama said, "I spoke to Muhammad about saying the tashahhud in my prostrations of forgetfulness and he said, 'It is not in the hadith of Abu Hurayra."

V: Someone saying the takbir in the two prostrations of forgetfulness.

1172. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed either 'Asr or 'Isha'. (Muhammad said, "I think that it was probably 'Asr) doing two rak'ats. Then he said the taslim and stood next to a piece of wood in the front of the mosque and put his hand on it. Abu Bakr and 'Umar were among those who were there and they were too awed to say anything to him and people left quickly. They were saying, 'Has the prayer been shortened?' A man whom the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called Dhu'l-Yadayn said, 'Did you forget or has the prayer been shortened?' He said, 'I did not forget nor has it been shortened.' He said, 'Yes, you did forget.' So he prayed two rak'ats and then said the taslim. Then he said the takbir and prostrated like his normal prostration or longer. Then he raised his head, saying the takbir. Then he lowered his head saying the takbir and prostrated like his normal prostration or longer. Then he raised his head and said the takbir."

1173. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Buhayna al-Asdi, the ally of the Banu 'Abdu'l-Muttalib that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up in the Dhuhr prayer when he should have sat back. When he finished his prayer, he did two prostrations and said the takbir in each prostration in the sitting position before he said the taslim. The people prostrated with him to compensate for the sitting which he had forgotten.

Ibn Jurayj corroborated it from Ibn Shihab in the takbir.

VI: If someone does not know whether he has prayed three or four rak'ats, he does two prostrations from the sitting position.

1174. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the call to prayer is made Shaytan retreats, passing wind, so that he will not hear the adhan. When the adhan is finished he comes back. When the iqama is said, he retreats again. When it is finished, he comes back and gets between a man and his own self and says, 'Remember such-and-such and such-and-such,' things he was not thinking about before, until the man does not know how much he has prayed. When one of you does not know whether he has prayed three or four, he should do two prostrations from the sitting position."

VII: Forgetfulness in the obligatory and supererogatory prayers

Ibn 'Abbas performed two prostrations after the Witr.

1175. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,  said, "When one of you stands in prayer, Shaytan comes to him and confuses him until he does not know how much he has prayed. When one of you experiences that, he should do two prostrations from the sitting position."

VIII: Someone being spoken to while he is praying and making a gesture with his hand and listening

1176. It is related from Kurayb that Ibn 'Abbas, al-Miswar ibn Makhrama and 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Azhar sent him to 'A'isha saying, "Greet her from all of us and ask her about the two rak'ats after the 'Asr prayer and say to her, 'We were told that you pray them although it has come down to us that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade them.'" Ibn 'Abbas said, "I and 'Umar ibn al-Khattab used to beat people for doing them."

Kurayb said, "I went to 'A'isha and conveyed my message to her. She said, 'Ask Umm Salama.' So I went out to them and told them what she had said and they sent me to Umm Salama with the same message they had sent me to 'A'isha with. Umm Salama said, 'I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbid them and then I saw him praying them after he had prayed 'Asr. Then he came in when I had with me some of the women from the Banu Haram of the Ansar. I sent a slavegirl to him and said, "Stand beside him and say to him, 'Umm Salama says to you, "Messenger of Allah, I heard you forbid these two rak'ats but now I see you praying them."' If he makes a gesture with his hand, then wait for him." The slavegirl did that and he made a gesture with his hand and she waited for him. When he finished, he said, "Daughter of Abi Umayya, you have asked me about the two rak'ats after 'Asr. Some people from the 'Abdu'l-Qays came to me and kept me too busy to pray the two rak'ats after Dhuhr and that is what these are."'"

IX: Making a gesture in the prayer

Kurayb reported that from Umm Salama from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

1177. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'd as-Sa'idi said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, heard that there was a dispute among the Banu 'Amr ibn 'Awf and went out to make peace between them. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was delayed and the time of the prayer was near. Bilal went to Abu Bakr and said, 'Abu Bakr, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, has been detained and the time of the prayer is near, so can you lead the people.' He said, 'Yes, if you wish.' Bilal called the iqama and Abu Bakr came forward and said the takbir for the people. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came walking through the rows until he was standing in the first row and the people began to clap. Abu Bakr did not normally turn round in his prayer. When the people increased their clapping, he looked round and saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, there. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, indicated to him to continue praying. Abu Bakr raised both his hands and praised Allah and stepped backwards until he was standing in the row and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went forward and led the people in prayer. When he finished the prayer, he faced the people and said, 'O people, why, when something happened to you in the prayer, did you begin to clap? Clapping is for women. When something happens to you in the prayer, you should say, "Glory be to Allah! (Subhanallah)." There is no one who will not turn round when they hear the words "Glory be to Allah". Abu Bakr, what kept you from continuing to lead the people in prayer when I indicated to you to do it?' Abu Bakr said, 'It is not proper that Ibn Abi Quhafa should pray in front of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.'"

1178. It is related that Asma' said, "I went to 'A'isha while she was standing in prayer and the people were also standing. I asked, 'What are the people doing?' She indicated with her head to the sky and I said, 'A sign?' She indicated yes with her head."

1179. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, said, "The Messenger of Allah*, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed sitting down in his house when he was ill. The people prayed behind him standing and he indicated to them to sit down. When he finished, he said, 'The Imam was appointed to be followed. Bow when he bows and raise your head when he raises his."

Chapter 28. The Book of Funerals

I: On funerals. Someone whose last words are, "There is no god but Allah."

Wahb ibn Munabbih was asked, "Is not 'There is no god but Allah' the key to the Garden?" He said, "Yes, but there is no key without teeth. If you bring a key which has teeth, it will open for you. If not, it will not open for you."

1180. It is related that Abu Dharr said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Someone came to me from my Lord and told me (or he said, "gave me the good news") that anyone in my community who dies not associating anything with Allah, will enter the Garden.' I asked, 'Even if he fornicates and steals?' He said, 'Even if he fornicates and steals.'"

1181. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Anyone who dies associating something else with Allah will enter the Fire.' I say, 'And anyone who dies not associating anything else with Allah will enter the Garden.'"

II: The instruction to join funeral processions

1182. It is related that al-Bara' said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, instructed us to do seven things and forbade us seven. He instructed us to join funeral processions, to visit the sick, to accept invitations, to help the wronged, to fulfil our oaths, to return the greeting and to bless people who sneeze. He forbade us silver vessels, gold rings, silk, fine silk, qassi and istibraq (other kinds of silk and brocade)."

1183. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'The rights a Muslim has over another Muslim are five: returning the greeting, visiting the sick, joining funeral processions, accepting invitations and blessing those who sneeze."

'Abdu'r-Razzaq corroborated it from Ma'mar. Salama related it from 'Uqayl.

III: Visiting the dead after their death when they have been wrapped in their shrouds

1184. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, said, "Abu Bakr arrived on his horse from his house in Sunh. He dismounted and entered the mosque and did not speak to anyone before coming to 'A'isha. He went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who was covered with a striped cloak and uncovered his face. He bent over him and kissed him and then wept, saying, 'May my father and mother be your ransom, O Prophet of Allah! Allah will not make you die two deaths. You have died the death which was written for you."

[Sunh in the 'Awali of Madina at that time, i.e. the small settlements on its edge.]

1185. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas, "Abu Bakr went out and found 'Umar speaking to the people. He said, 'Sit down,' but 'Umar refused to. He said, 'Sit down,' but he refused again. Then Abu Bakr said the shahada and the people veered towards him and away from 'Umar. He said, 'As for what follows: Any among you who worship Muhammad, should know that Muhammad has died. Any who worship Allah, should know that Allah is alive and can never die. Allah says, "Muhammad is only a Messenger ... (to)... Allah will recompense the thankful." (3:144)' By Allah, It was as if no one had known that Allah had revealed this until Abu Bakr recited it. People took it from him and there was no one who was not heard reciting it."

1186. It is related from Kharija ibn Zayd ibn Thabit, "Umm al-'Ala', a woman of the Ansar who gave her allegiance to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, told me, 'The Muhajirun were shared out by drawing lots and we got 'Uthman ibn Maz'un. We lodged him in our rooms. Then he became ill with a fatal ilness. When he died and was washed and shrouded in his clothes, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came. I said, "The mercy of Allah be upon you, Abu's-Sa'ib. I testify to you that Allah has honoured you." The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "How do you know that Allah has honoured him?" I said, "May my father be your ransom, Messenger of Allah! Who then will Allah honour?" He said, "The Certain has come to him. By Allah, I hope for the best for him. By Allah, I do not know what He will do with me in spite of my being the Messenger of Allah." She said, "By Allah, I never vouched for anyone after that."'"

Al-Layth related the like of it. 'Uqayl said, "What He will do with him."

Shu'ayb, 'Amr ibn Dinar and Ma'mar corroborated it.

1187. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "When my father was killed, I began to lift the cloth from his face weeping and they forbade me The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not forbid me. My aunt Fatima began to weep and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "It does not matter whether you weep or do not weep. The angels were shading him with their wings until you removed it.'"

Ibn Jurayj corroborated them from Ibn al-Munkadir from Jabir.

IV: A man announcing someone's death to the dead person's relatives

1188. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, announced the death of the Negus on the day that he died. He went out to the place of prayer and people formed rows and he said the takbir four times.

1189. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Zayd took the banner and fell. Then Ja'far took it and fell. Then 'Abdullah ibn Rawaha took it and fell.' The eyes of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, were flowing with tears. 'Then Khalid ibn al-Walid took it without being delegated and was given victory.'"

[This was the Mu'ta expedition.]

V: Announcing funerals

Abu Rafi' said that Abu Hurayra said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked, "Why did you not inform me?"

1190. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "A person whom the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to visit, died. He died during the night and they buried him at night. In the morning they told him and he said, 'What stopped you from telling me?' They said, 'It was night-time, and since it was a dark night, we did not like to disturb you.' He went to his grave and prayed over him."

[The person was Talha ibn al-Bara'.]

VI: The excellence of someone who shows fortitude in the face of their child's death, expecting Allah's reward

Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says, "Give good news to the steadfast." (2:155)

1191. It is related that Anas said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,  said, "No Muslim has three of his children die before reaching puberty without Allah admitting him to the Garden by virtue of His mercy for them."

1192. It is related from Abu Sa'id: "The women said to the Prophet,  may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'Appoint a day for us.' So he spoke to them and said, 'If any woman who has three of her children die, they will act as a screen from the Fire.' A woman said, 'And two?' He said, 'And two.'"

It is related from Abu Sa'id and Abu Hurayra from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Abu Hurayra said, "Before they have reached puberty."

1193. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "No Muslim who has three children die will enter the Fire except to fulfil the oath." Abu 'Abdullah said that it is: "There is none of who will not go down to it." (19:71)

[Meaning that everyone will come to Jahannam when they cross the Sirat which spans it.]

VII: A man saying to a woman at the grave, "Show fortitude."

1194. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by a woman weeping at a grave and said, 'Fear Allah and show fortitude.'"

VIII: Washing a dead person and doing wudu' on account of it with water and lotus

Ibn 'Umar used hanut scent to prepare the son of Sa'd ibn Zayd and he carried him and prayed over him without doing wudu'. Ibn 'Abbas said, "A Muslim is not impure alive or dead." Sa'id said, "If he had been impure, then I would not have touched him." The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The believer is never impure."

1195. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya al-Ansariyya said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to us when his daughter died and said, 'Wash her three, five, or more if you think it better, with water and lotus, and in the last put camphor - or some camphor. When you have finished, tell me.' When we finished, we told him and he gave us his waist-wrapper and said, 'Shroud her in it,' i.e. his waist-wrapper."

IX: It is recommended to do the washing an odd number of times

1196. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya al-Ansariyya said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to us while we were washing his daughter and said, 'Wash her three, five, or more if you think it better, with water and lotus, and in the last put camphor - or some camphor. When you have finished, tell me.' When we finished, we told him and he gave us his waist-wrapper and said, 'Shroud her in it,' i.e. his waist-wrapper."

Ayyub said, "Hafsa related to me the same as the hadith of Muhammad." It says in the hadith of Hafsa, "Wash her an odd number of times," and three, five or seven were mentioned in it. In it it also says, "Begin with her right side and the places washed in wudu'." In it Umm 'Atiyya said, "We combed her hair into three braids."

X: Beginning with the right side of the dead person

1197. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said about washing his daughter, 'Begin with her right side and the places washed in wudu'."

XI: The places washed in wudu' for the dead person

1198. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya said, "When we washed the daughter of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, he said to us while we were washing her, 'Begin with her right side and the places washed in wudu'."

XII: Can a woman be shrouded in a man's waist-wrapper

1199. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya said, "The daughter of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, died and he said to us, 'Wash her three, five, or more if you think it better. When you have finished, tell me.' When we finished, we told him and he undid his waist-wrapper and said, 'Shroud her in it.'"

XIII: Putting camphor on last of all

1200. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya al-Ansariyya said, "The daughter of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, died and he came out to us and said, 'Wash her three, five, or more if you think it better, with water and lotus, and in the last put camphor - or some camphor. When you have finished, tell me.' When we finished, we told him and he gave us his waist-wrapper and said, 'Shroud her in it,' i.e. his waist-wrapper."

The like of it is related from Hafsa from Umm 'Atiyya. She said, "Wash her three, five, or more if you think it better." Hafsa said that Umm 'Atiyya said, "We plaited her hair into three braids."

XIV: Undoing the hair of the dead person

Ibn Sirin said, "There is no harm in undoing the hair of a dead person."

1201. It is related from Hafsa bint Sirin, "Umm 'Atiyya related to us that they plaited the hair of the daughter of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, into three braids. They undid her hair and washed it and then plaited it into three braids."

XV: How to shroud a dead person.

Al-Hasan said, "The fifth piece of cloth is used to tie round the thighs and hips under the shirt

1202. It is related that Ibn Sirin said, "Umm 'Atiyya, a woman of the Ansar who was one of those who gave allegiance, hurried to Basra in search of one of her sons, but could not find him. She related to us see 1196. "He did not say more than that. (Ayyub said,) "I do not know which of his daughters it was." He claimed that ish'ar means to wrap the body in it. Similarly, Ibn Sirin commanded that a woman be wrapped and not put in a waist-wrapper.

XVI: Should the hair of a (dead) woman be tied in three braids

1203. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya said, "We plaited the hair of the daughter of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, into three braids."

Waki' said that Sufyan said, "One in the front and one on each side."

XVII: Tying a woman's hair behind her back

1204. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya said, "One of the daughters of the Prophet died and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to us and said, 'Wash her with lotus an odd number of times - three, five or more if you think it better, and put camphor in the last - or some camphor. When you have finished, tell me.' When we finished, we told him and he gave us his waist-wrapper. We plaited her hair into three braids and let them fall behind her back."

XVIII: Using white cloth for the shroud

1205. It is related that 'A'isha said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was shrouded in three white Sahuli Yemeni cotton cloths none of which was a shirt or turban.

XIX: Shrouding using two pieces of cloth

1206. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "While a man was standing at 'Arafa, he fell from his mount and broke his neck. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Wash him with water and lotus and shroud him in two cloths. Do not perfume him nor shave his head. He will be raised on the Day of Rising saying the talbiya.'"

XX: Perfuming the dead person with hanut

1207. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "While a man was standing with the Messenger of Allah, he fell from his mount and broke his neck. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Wash him with water and lotus and shroud him in two cloths. Do not perfume him nor shave his head. He will be raised on the Day of Rising saying the talbiya.'"

XXI: The way to shroud someone in ihram

1208. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas, "A man had his neck broken by his camel while we were with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he was in ihram. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Wash him with water and lotus and shroud him in two cloths. Do not perfume him and do not shave his head. Allah will raise him up on the Day of Rising saying the talbiya.'"

1209. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "While a man was standing with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at 'Arafa, he fell from his mount." (Ayyub said,"waqasathu" and 'Amr said "aqsa'athu") He broke his neck and died. He said, 'Wash him with water and lotus and shroud him in two cloths. Do not perfume him nor shave his head. He will be raised on the Day of Rising saying the talbiya.' (Ayyub said,"yulabbi" and 'Amr said "mulbiyan".)"

XXII: Shrouding someone in a shirt, stitched or unstitched. Someone being shrouded without a shirt

1210. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas, "When 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy died, his son came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, give me your shirt so I can shroud him in it. Pray over him and ask forgiveness for him.' So the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave him his shirt and said, 'Inform me so that I can pray over him.' He told him and when he wanted to pray over him, 'Umar pulled him away from him and said, 'Has not Allah forbidden you to pray over the hypocrites?' He said, 'I have been given a choice. Allah says, "Ask pardon for them or do not ask pardon for them; if you ask pardon for them seventy times, Allah will not pardon them." (9:80)' So he prayed over him and then it was revealed, 'Do not pray over any one of them when he is dead.' (9:84)"

1211. It is related that Jabir said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy after he had been buried. He was disinterred and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put some of his saliva on him and clothed him in his shirt."

XXIII: Shrouding without a shirt

1212. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was shrouded in three Sahuli cotton cloths without a shirt or a turban."

1213. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was shrouded in three cloths without a shirt or a turban."

XXIV: Shrouding without a turban

1214. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was shrouded in three white Sahuli cloths without a shirt or a turban."

XXV: Shrouding even if it takes all a person's wealth

'Ata', az-Zuhri, 'Amr ibn Dinar and Qatada said this. 'Amr ibn Dinar said, "Hunut (scent) is paid for from the capital of the estate." Ibrahim said, "Begin with shrouding, then debts, then the will." Sufyan said, "Payment for the grave and the washing is part of shrouding."

1215. It is related that Sa'd's father said, "One day 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf was brought his food and said, 'Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr was killed and he was a better man than me and he had nothing to be shrouded in it except for a cloak. Hamza or another man was killed and he was a better man than me and he had nothing to be shrouded in it except for a cloak. I fear that our good deeds have been brought forward for us into the life of this world.' Then he started to weep."

XXVI: If there is nothing but a single cloth

1216. It is related from Ibrahim, "'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf was brought some food while he was fasting. He said, 'Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr was killed and he was a better man than I and he was shrouded in a cloak. If his head was covered, his feet showed, and if his feet were covered, his head showed." I saw him say,"Hamza or another man was killed and he was a better man than I. Worldly goods have been opened up to us - or he said, "We have been given of this world, - and we fear that our good deeds..." Then he started to weep to the extent that he neglected his food."

XXVII: If the shroud is only long enough to cover the head or the feet, then the head is covered

1217. It is related that Khabbab said, "We emigrated with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for the sake of Allah and our reward was in the hands of Allah. Some of us died without tasting any of our reward, and one of them was Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr, and some of us had its fruit ripen and plucked it. He was killed on the day of Uhud and we did not find anything to shroud him with except for a cloak. When we covered his head with it, his feet stuck out, and when we covered his feet, his head stuck out. So the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded us to cover his head and put idhkhir-herb on his feet."

XXVIII: Someone preparing a shroud in the time of the Prophet who did not object to it

1218. It is related from Sahl, "A woman brought the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a woven cloak (burda) with a border - Do you know what a burda is? They said, 'A cloak.' He said, 'Yes.' - She said, 'I wove it with my own hands and I brought it so that you could wear it.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, took it as he was in need of it. He came out to us using it as a waist-wrapper. Someone admired it and said, 'Clothe me in it. How beautiful it is!' Some people said, 'You have not acted rightly. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wore it and needed it and then you asked him for it knowing that he never refuses.' He said, 'By Allah, I have not asked for it in order to wear it, but I have asked for it only so that it can be my shroud.'" Sahl said, "It was his shroud."

XXIX: Women following funeral processions

1219. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya said, "We were forbidden to join funeral processions but not rigidly."

XXX: A woman going into mourning for other than her husband

1220. It is related that Muhammad ibn Sirin said, "A son of Umm 'Atiyya died. On the third day she asked for a yellow perfume which she put on. She said, "We were forbidden to mourn more than three days for anyone except our husband."

1221. It is related that Zaynab bint Abi Salama said, "When the news of the death of Abu Sufyan arrived from Syria, Umm Habiba called for yellow scent on the third day and wiped it on her cheeks and arms and said, 'I would not need to do this if I had not heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a dead person more than three days unless it is her husband. She should mourn him for four months and ten days.'"

1222. It is related that Zaynab bint Abi Salama said, "I visited Umm Habiba, the wife of the Prophet, and she said, 'I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a dead person more than three days unless it is her husband for whom she should mourn for four months and ten days."' Then I visited Zaynab bint Jahsh when her brother died. She asked for scent and put it on and then said, 'I only put on perfume because I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say on the minbar, "It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a dead person more than three days unless it is her husband for whom she should mourn for four months and ten days."'"

XXXI: Visiting graves

1223. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by a woman who was weeping at a grave and said, 'Fear Allah and show fortitude.' She said, not recognising him, 'Leave me alone. You have not been struck by such an affliction as mine!' She was told, 'It is the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.' She went to the door of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and, finding no one guarding the door, she said, 'I did not recognise you.' He said, 'The time for fortitude is at the first shock.'"

XXXII: The words of the Prophet, "A dead person is punished by some of his family weeping for him if wailing was a habit they indulged in."

This is according to the words of Allah Almighty, "Guard yourselves and your families against a Fire." (66:6) The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "All of you are shepherds and responsible for your flocks."

Since wailing was not part of his custom, it is as 'A'isha said, "No bearer of any burden can bear that of any other." (6:164) It is like his words, "If someone weighed down calls for help to bear his load, none of it will be borne for him." (35:18)

Permission to weep without wailing.

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "No soul is killed unjustly without the first son of Adam bearing a portion of the blame. That is because he was the first person to introduce murder."

1224. It is related that Usama ibn Zayd said, "The daughter of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent a message to him saying, 'One of my sons is dying, so come.' He sent his greetings to her and said, 'What Allah takes is his and what He gives is his. Everything has a fixed term with Him, so she should show fortitude and expect a reward.' She sent to him adjuring him to come to her. He got up with Sa'd ibn 'Ubada, Mu'adh ibn Jabal, Ubayy ibn Ka'b, Zayd ibn Thabit and some other men. The child was brought to the Messenger of Allah and he was was shuddering. (Usama said, "Like an old waterskin.") The Prophet's eyes were flowing with tears and Sa'd said, 'Messenger of Allah, what is this?' He said, 'This is an aspect of mercy which Allah has put in the hearts of His slaves. Allah is merciful to His slaves who are merciful.'"

[The daughter was Zaynab.]

1225. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "We were present (at the burial of) one of the daughters of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." He said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was sitting by the grave." He said, "I saw tears flowing from his eyes. He said, 'Is there any man among you who did not have sexual intercourse last night?' Abu Talha said, 'Me.' He said, 'Get down.' He got down into her grave."

[The daughter here was Umm Kulthum.]

1226. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Ubaydullah ibn Abi Mulayka said, "A daughter of 'Uthman died at Makka. We came to attend her. Ibn 'Umar and Ibn 'Abbas were present and I was sitting between them. (Or he said, "I sat by one of them and then the other came and sat beside me.") 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said to 'Amr ibn 'Uthman, 'Why do you not forbid them to weep? The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A dead person is punished by his relatives weeping over him."' Ibn 'Abbas said, ''Umar used to say that.' Then he related, 'I went out with 'Umar from Makka until we were at al-Bayda'. There were some riders under an acacia tree. He said, "Go and see who these riders are."'" He said, "I looked and there was Suhayb. I told him this and he said, 'Call him to me.' I returned to Suhayb and said, 'Come and join the Amir al-Mu'minin.' When 'Umar was struck down, Suhayb entered weeping, saying, 'O brother! O friend!' 'Umar said, 'Suhayb, are you weeping for me when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A dead person is punished by some of his relatives' weeping over him"?' Ibn 'Abbas said, 'When 'Umar died, I mentioned that to 'A'isha and she said, "May Allah have mercy on 'Umar. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not say, 'Allah punishes a believer on account of the weeping of his relatives over him,' but the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Allah increases the punishment of the unbeliever on account of his relatives' weeping over him.'" She said, 'The Qur'an is enough for you: "No bearer of any burden can bear that of any other." (6:164)' Ibn 'Abbas then said, 'Allah makes people laugh and weep.'"

Ibn Abi Mulayka said, "By Allah, Ibn 'Umar did not say anything to that."

1227. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by a Jewess whose family was weeping over her. He said, 'They are weeping over her while she is being punished in her grave.'"

1228. It is related that the father of Abu Burda said, "When 'Umar was struck down, Suhayb began to say, 'O brother!' 'Umar said, 'Do you not know that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A dead person is punished by the weeping of the living"?'"

XXXIII: The kind of wailing for a dead person which is disliked

'Umar said, "Let them weep for Abu Sulayman as long as they do not throw dust on their heads or shout."

[Abu Sulayman is Khalid ibn al-Walid.]

1229. It is related that al-Mughira said, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Telling lies in my name is not like telling lies in someone else's name. Whoever deliberately tells lies in my name will take his seat in the Fire.' I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Whoever is wailed over is punished by the wailing over him.'"

1230. It is related that 'Umar said, "The dead person is punished in his grave for the wailing done over him."

It is corroborated from Qatada and Shu'ba said, "The dead person is punished for the weeping of the living over him."

1231. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "On the day of Uhud, my father was brought mutilated and placed in front of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He was covered in a cloth. I went intending to uncover him and my people forbade me. Then I went to uncover him and my people forbade me. The Messenger of Allah commanded that he be removed and he heard the voice of a crying woman. He said, 'Who is this?' They said, 'The daughter of 'Amr or the sister of 'Amr.' He said, 'Why is she weeping? (or: "she should stop weeping") The angels continued to shade him with their wings until he was lifted up.'"

XXXIV: Someone who tears his shirt is not one of us

1232. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Someone who slaps his cheeks and tears his shirt and cries out with the cry of the Jahiliyya is not one of us."

XXXV: The Prophet's grief over Sa'd ibn Khawla

1233. It is related that Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to visit me in the year of the Farewell Hajj on account of a serious illness I had. I said, 'This illness has affected me and I have property and no heirs except a daughter. Shall I give two-thirds of my property away as sadaqa?' He said, 'No.' I said, 'A half?' He said, 'No.' He said, 'A third, and a third is great (or a lot) It is better to leave rich heirs than to leave them poor, begging from other people. There is nothing you spend, desiring by it the face of Allah, but that you will be rewarded, even for a morsel you put in your wife's mouth.' I said, 'Messenger of Allah, will I be left behind after my companions leave?' He said, 'You will not be left behind, for any virtuous actions you do will raise you in degree and elevation. And then you might be left behind so that some people will benefit from you and others harmed by you. O Allah, let My Companions' complete their emigration and do not let them turn back on their heels,' but poor Sa'd ibn Khawla had the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, grieve over his death in Makka."

XXXVI: The prohibition of shaving the head when a calamity occurs

1234. It is related that Abu Burda ibn Abi Musa said, "Abu Musa was ill and fainted. His head was in the lap of one of the women of his family and he was unable to reply to anything. When he came to, he said, 'I declare myself free of those from whom the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, declared himself free.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, declared himself free from women who slap their faces, shave their heads and tear their clothes."

XXXVII: People who slap their cheeks are not of us

1235. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Someone who slaps his cheeks and tears his shirt and cries out with the cry of the Jahiliyya is not one of us."

XXXVIII: The prohibition of wailing and Jahiliyya customs when a calamity occurs

1236. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Someone who slaps his cheeks and tears his shirt and cries out with the cry of the Jahiliyya is not one of us."

XXXIX: Someone sitting down when a calamity occurs and their grief being clearly visible

1237. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, heard about Haritha, Ja'far and Ibn Rawaha being killed, he sat down and his grief was clearly visible. I was looking through a crack in the door. A man came to him and said, 'The women of Ja'far.' and mentioned their weeping. He told him to forbid them. He went and then returned to him a second time saying that they had not obeyed him. He said, 'Forbid them.' He returned a third time and said, 'Messenger of Allah, they are too much for us.'" She claimed that he said, "Put dust in their mouths." She said, "I said. 'May Allah rub your nose in the dust! You did not do what the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered you to do nor did you spare the Messenger of Allah's distress!'"

1238. It is related that Anas said, "After the reciters of the Qur'an were killed, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did the qunut prayer for a month and I never saw the Messenger of Allah sadder than he was on that day."

XL: Someone not showing his grief in affliction

Muhammad ibn Ka'b al-Qurazi said, "Expression of grief makes for bad speech and bad thoughts." Ya'qub, peace be upon him, said, "I complain of my anguish and my sorrow unto Allah." (12:86)

1239. It is related that Anas ibn Malik was heard to say, "A son of Abu Talha became ill." He went on, "He died when Abu Talha was out. When his wife saw that he had died, she arranged things and placed him on one side in the house. When Abu Talha returned, he said, 'How is the boy?' She said, "He is calm and I hope that he is at rest.' Abu Talha thought that she was speaking the truth." He continued, "He passed the night and in the morning did ghusl and then, when he was about to go out, she told him that he had died. He did the prayer with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and then told the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, what had happened to them. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Perhaps Allah will bless the night for both of you.'" Sufyan said, "A man of the Ansar said, 'I think that they had nine sons, all of whom recited the Qur'an.'"

XLI. CHAPTER: The time for fortitude is the first shock

'Umar said, "How blessed the two equals are and how blessed the reward of 'those who, when disaster strikes them, say, 'We belong to Allah and to Him we will return.' Those are the ones who will have blessings and mercy from their Lord; they are the ones who are guided." (2:156-157) Allah Almighty says, "Seek help in steadfastness and the prayer. But that is a very hard thing, except for the humble." (2:45)

1240. It is related that Anas said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The time for fortitude is at the first shock."

XLII: The words of the Prophet, "We truly feel grief on your account."

Ibn 'Umar said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The eye weeps and the heart grieves."

1241. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "We visited Abu Sayf, the blacksmith, with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He was the father of the wet-nurse of Ibrahim, peace be upon him. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, took Ibrahim and kissed him and smelled him. Then later we visited him when Ibrahim was breathing his last. The eyes of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, began to flow with tears and 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf said to him, 'Even you, Messenger of Allah!' He said, 'O Ibn 'Awf, it is an aspect of mercy.' then more tears followed and he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The eye weeps and the heart grieves. We say nothing except what pleases our Lord. O Ibrahim, we are grieved at your departure.'"

It is related from Sulyaman ibn al-Mughira from Anas from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

XLIII Weeping in the presence of someone who is ill

1242. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "Sa'd ibn 'Ubada fell ill and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to visit him with 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf, Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas and 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud. When he arrived, he found him surrounded by his family and said, 'Has he died?' They said, 'No, Messenger of Allah.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wept. When the people saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, weeping, they wept. He said, 'Listen, Allah does not punish for the tears of the eyes nor for the sorrow of the heart, but he punishes or shows mercy on account of this,' and he pointed to his tongue. 'A dead person is punished for the weeping of his family over him.' 'Umar used to beat with a stick and throw stones and dust on acccount of it.

XLIV: The prohibition of wailing and weeping and restraining it

1243. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, heard about Haritha, Ja'far and 'Abdullah ibn Rawaha being killed, he sat down and his grief was clearly visible. I was looking through a crack in the door. A man came to him and said, 'The women of Ja'far.' and mentioned their weeping. He told him to forbid them. The man went and then returned to him 'I forbade them' and he mentioned that they had not obeyed him. So he ordered him a second time to forbid them and he went and then he returned, saying, 'By Allah, they have got the better of me (or us).' (The doubt is from Muhammad ibn Hawshab)" She claimed that he said, "Put dust in their mouths." She said, "I said. 'May Allah rub your nose in the dust! You did not do it and you did not spare the Messenger of Allah's distress!'"

1244. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya said, "At the time of the oath of allegiance, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, imposed on us that we should not wail. That was only fulfilled by five women among us: Umm Sulaym, Umm al-'Ala', the daughter of Abi Sabra, the wife of Mu'adh and two women, or the daughter of Abi Sabra, the wife of Mu'adh and another woman."

XLV: Standing for the funeral procession

1245. It is related from 'Amr ibn Rabi'a that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you see a funeral procession, stand up until it has passed you by."

It is related from 'Amr ibn Rabi'a from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Al-Humaydi added, "Until it has passed you by or the bier is put down."

XLVI: The time to sit down after standing for a funeral procession

1246. It is related from 'Amr ibn Rabi'a that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of you sees a funeral procession and he is not walking in it, he should stand up until he is behind it or it has passed him by or the bier is put down before it passes him."

1247. It is related that the father of Abu Sa'id al-Maqburi said, "We were in a funeral procession and Abu Hurayra took hold of Marwan's hand and they sat down before the bier was put down. Abu Sa'id came and took hold of Marwan's hand and said, 'Stand up. By Allah, this man knows that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade us to do that.' Abu Hurayra said, 'He has spoken the truth.'"

XLVII: Someone following a funeral procession should not sit down until the bier is put down from the shoulders of the men. If he sits down before that, he should be told to stand up.

1248. It is related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudrisaid, "When you see the funeral procession, stand up. Whoever follows it should not sit down until the bier is put down."

XLVIII: Someone standing up for a Jewish funeral procession

1249. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "A funeral procession passed by us and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up for it and we stood up with him. We said, 'Messenger of Allah, it is the funeral procession of a Jew.' He said, 'When you see a funeral procession, stand up.'"

1250. It is related that 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abi Layla said, "Sahl ibn Hunayf and Qays ibn Sa'd were sitting in al-Qadisiyya when a funeral procession passed by them and they stood up for it. They were told, 'It is for one of the people of the land,' i.e. one of the dhimmis. They said, 'A funeral procession passed by the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he stood up. He was told that it was the funeral procession of a Jew and he said, "Is it not a soul?"'"

It is related that Ibn Abi Layla said, "I was with Qays and Sahl who said, 'We were with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.'" Ibn Abi Layla said, "Abu Mas'ud and Qays used to stand up for funeral processions."

XLIX: Men rather than women carrying the bier

1251. It is related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the body is laid out and the men carry it on their shoulders, if it was righteous, it says, 'Take me forward,' and it was it not righteous, it says, 'Woe to me, where are you taking it?'' Everything except man hears its voice. If he were to hear it, he would faint."

L: Carrying the bier quickly

Anas said, "When you accompany the bier, walk in front of it, behind it, to the right of it and the left of it." Someone else said, "Close to it."

1252. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Carry the bier quickly. If the dead person was righteous, it is good you are advancing him to. If he was other than that, then it is an evil your are removing from your necks."

LI: The dead person saying while on the bier, "Take me forward."

1253. It is related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the body is laid out and the men carry it on their shoulders, if it was righteous, it says, 'Take me forward,' and it was it not righteous, it says to its people, 'Woe to me, where are you taking it?'' Everything except man hears its voice. If he were to hear it, he would faint."

LII: People forming two or three rows behind the Imam for the funeral prayer

1254. It is related from Jabir ibn Abdullah, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed for the Negus and I was in the second or third row."

LIII: Rows for the funeral prayer

1255. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, announced the death of the Negus to his Companions. He stepped in front and they formed rows behind him. He said four takbirs."

1256. It is related that ash-Sha'bi said, "I was informed by someone who saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, coming to a grave which was to one side. He lined the people up in rows and said four takbirs. I said, 'Who related it to you?' He said, 'Ibn 'Abbas.'"

1257. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah was heard to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Today a righteous man of Abyssinia has died, so come and pray for him." Jabir said, "We made lines and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed for him while we were in rows." Jabir said, "I was in the second row."

LIV: The lining up of boys with the men

1258. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by a grave where someone had been buried in the night. He said, 'When was this person buried?' They said, 'Yesterday.'He said, 'Why did you not inform me?' They said, 'We buried him in the darkness of the night, and did not like to wake you up.' He stood and we formed rows behind him." Ibn 'Abbas said, "I was among them and he prayed over him."

LV: The sunna of the funeral prayer

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever prays over the bier." He said, "Pray over your companion." He said, "Pray for the Negus." He called it prayer (salat) even though it contains neither ruku' nor prostration nor recitation in it. It contains takbirs and the taslim.

Ibn 'Umar would not pray it without being in a state of purity, would not pray it at sunrise or sunset and used to raise his hands.

Al-Hasan said, "I saw that the people taught that the one of them best suited to lead their funeral prayers was the one they were satisfied with to lead their obligatory prayers. When someone breaks wudu' on the Day of the 'Id or at a funeral, he should look for water and not do tayammum. When he comes to a funeral and they are praying he should join them by doing a takbir.

Ibn al-Musayyab said, "There are four takbirs whether it is at night, in the day, on a journey or while resident."

Anas said, "One takbir for beginning the prayer." He said, "And never pray over any of them when he is dead." (9:84)

It has rows and an Imam.

1259. It is related that ash-Sha'bi said, "I was informed by someone who had seen the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, coming to a grave which was to one side. He led us in the prayer and we formed rows behind him. We said, 'Abu 'Amr, who related this to you?' He said, 'Ibn 'Abbas.'"

LVI: The excellence of following funeral processions.

Zayd ibn Thabit said, "When you pray, you have fulfilled what you owe."

Humayd ibn Hilal said, "We do not know that you must get the permission of the relatives of the dead person [to return], but whoever prays and then returns will have a qirat (worth of reward)."

1260. It is related that Nafi' said, "Ibn 'Umar was told that Abu Hurayra said, 'Whoever follows a funeral procession will have a qirat's reward.' Ibn 'Umar said, 'Abu Hurayra has more than us.' 'A'isha confirmed the truth of Abu Hurayra and said, 'I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say that.' Ibn 'Umar said, 'We have lost many qirats.'"

("To neglect" (39:56) means to "to lose".)

LVII: Someone waiting until the burial has taken place

1261. It is related that Abu Hurayra heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say...

It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever joins a funeral procession, staying until he has done the prayer, will have one qirat. Whoever stays until after the burial will have two qirats." It was asked, "What are two qirats?" He said, "Like two huge mountains."

LVIII: Boys praying together with the other people at funeral prayers

1262. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to a grave and they said, 'He or she was buried yesterday.'" Ibn 'Abbas said, "We formed rows behind him and prayed over him."

LIX: Performing the funeral prayer in the place of prayer and the mosque

1263. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, announced to us the death of the Negus, the Ruler of Abyssinia, on the day that he died. He said, 'Ask forgiveness for your brother.'"

It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made them form rows in the place of prayer and he said the takbir for him four times."

1264. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Jews brought to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a man and woman from among them who had committed adultery and he commanded that they be stoned near the place where the funeral prayers were done by the mosque."

LX: That which disliked in respect of siting mosques over graves.

When al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan ibn 'Ali died, his wife put a tent over his grave for a year and then it was removed. They heard a voice saying, "Have they found what they lost?" Another answered, "They have come back in despair."

1265. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said in his final illness, "Allah cursed the Jews and the Christians. They took the graves of their Prophets as mosques." She said, "If it had not been for that, they would have given prominence to his grave. However, I am still afraid that it might be made into a mosque."

LXI: Praying over a woman who died while bleeding from childbirth

1266. It is related that Samura said, "I prayed behind the Prophet*, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, over a woman who died during the period of bleeding after childbirth. He stood opposite her middle."

LXII: Where you stand for a woman and a man

1267. It is related that Samura ibn Jundub said, "I prayed behind the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, over a woman who died during the period of bleeding after childbirth. He stood opposite her middle."

LXIII: There are four takbirs in the funeral prayer

Humayd said, "Anas led us in the prayer and said three takbirs and then the taslim. When he was told about that, he faced the qibla and said the fourth takbir and then the taslim.

1268. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, announced the death of the Negus on the day that he died. He went out to the place of prayer and people formed rows and he said the takbir four times.

1269. It is related from Jabir that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed for Ashama, the Negus, and said the takbir four times.

Salim said "Ashama" and 'Abdu's-Samad corroborated it.

LXIV: The recitation of the Fatiha in the funeral prayer

Al-Hasan said, "Recite the Fatiha over the child and say, 'O Allah, make him one who goes ahead of us, one who prepares a place and a reward.'"

1270. It is related that Talha said, "I prayed behind Ibn 'Abbas."

It is related that Talha ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Awf said, "I prayed behind Ibn 'Abbas in the funeral prayer and he recited the Fatiha. He said, 'So that they know that it is a Sunna."

LXV: Praying over a grave after the burial

1271. It is related that ash-Sha'bi said, "I was informed by someone who had seen the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, coming to a grave which was to one side. He led them in the prayer and they formed rows behind him. I said, 'Abu 'Amr, who related this to you?' He said, 'Ibn 'Abbas.'"

1272. It is related from Abu Hurayra, "A black man or woman used to sweep the mosque and then died. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not know about it. One day he remembered him and said, 'What has happened to that man?' They said, 'He has died, Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'Why did you not inform me?' They said, 'His story was such-and-such.'" He said, "They had not thought it important. He said, 'Show me his grave.' He went to his grave and prayed over him."

LXVI: A dead person hearing the tread of sandals

1273. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When someone is placed in his grave, and his companions turn and go, and he can hear the tread of their sandals, two angels come to him and make him sit up and say to him, 'What do you say about this man, Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?' He will say, 'I testify that he is the slave of Allah and His Messenger.' It will be said, 'Look at your place in the Fire. Allah has given you, in exchange for it, a place in the Garden.'" The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "He will see both places. The unbeliever or the hypocrite will say, 'I do not know. I used to say what everyone else said.' He will be told, 'You neither understood nor followed the guidance.' Then he will be hit between the ears with an iron hammer and will cry out with a cry which is heard by everything near him except men and jinn."

LXVII: Someone wanting to be buried in the Holy Land or some place like it

1274. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The angel of death was sent to Musa, peace be upon him. When he came, Musa gave him a black eye so he returned to his Lord and said, 'You sent me to a slave who does not want to die.' Allah restored his eye and said, "Go back and tell him to put his hand on the back of an ox and he will live a year for every hair that his hand covers." Musa said, 'O Lord, then what?' He said, 'Then death.' He said, 'Let it be now, then.' He asked Allah to be brought within a stone's throw of the Holy Land." He said that the Messenger of Allah* said, 'If I were there, I would show you his grave beside the road near the red sand-dune.'"

LXVIII: Burial at night

Abu Bakr was buried at night

1275. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed over a man after he had been buried at night. He and his Companions were standing there and he asked about him, saying, 'Who is this?' They said, 'So-and-so. He was buried yesterday,' and they prayed over him."

LXIX: Building a mosque at the site of a grave

1276. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,was ill, some of his wives mentioned a church which they had seen in Abyssinia called Mariya. Umm Salama and Umm Habiba had been to Abyssinia and they mentioned its beauty and the pictures in it. He raised his head and said, 'Among those people, when a virtuous man among them dies, they build a place of prayer over his grave and then they make those pictures in it. Those are the worst of creatures in the sight of Allah.'"

LXX: Someone entering a woman's grave

1277. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "We were present (at the burial of) one of the daughters of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." He said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was sitting by the grave." He said, "I saw tears flowing from his eyes. He said, 'Is there any man among you who did not have sexual intercourse last night?' Abu Talha said, 'Me.' He said, 'Get down into her grave.' He got down in her grave and buried her.'"

Fulayh said, "I think it was 'wrong action'." Abu 'Abdullah said, "Yaqtarifu (6:113) means 'to acquire'."

LXXI: Praying over someone killed fighting in the way of Allah

1278. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,  put two of those killed at Uhud into a single garment. Then he asked, 'Which of them knew more of the Qur'an?' When one of them was indicated, he put him first in the grave and said, 'I will be a witness for these on the Day of Rising.' He instructed that they be buried covered in their blood and not washed or prayed over."

1279. It is related from 'Uqba ibn 'Amir, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out one day and prayed over the people of Uhud with the prayer for the dead. Then he went to the minbar and said, 'I will prepare things for you and will be a witness for you. By Allah, I see my Basin now and I have been given the keys of the treasures of the earth (or the keys of the earth). By Allah, I do not fear for you that you will associate anything with Allah after me, but I fear for you that you will fight one another for them.'"

LXXII: Burying two or three men in one grave

1280. It is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, buried together two of the dead of Uhud.

LXXIII: Someone thinking that people killed fighting in the way of Allah should not be washed

1281. It is related that Jabir said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Bury them covered in their blood,' i.e. on the Day of Uhud, and he did not wash them."

LXXIV: Who should be put first in the grave niche (lahd).

It is called a niche (lahd) because it is in one side. Every deviant (mulhid) tyrant deviates (multahada) and turns away If it is dug straight down, it is called darih.

1282. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put two of the men killed at Uhud into a single garment. Then he asked, 'Which of them knew more of the Qur'an?' When one of them was indicated, he put him first in the grave and said, 'I will be a witness for these on the Day of Rising.' He instructed that they be buried covered in their blood and not washed or prayed over."

1283. It is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked about the dead of Uhud, 'Which of these knew more Qur'an?' When a man was pointed out to him, he put him in the grave before his companion." Jabir said, "My father and my uncle were shrouded in a single cloak."

Another isnad from Jabir.

LXXV: Idhkhir-herb and grass in the grave

1284. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas, "Allah made Makka a sanctuary. It was not lawful for anyone before me to violate it and will not be lawful for anyone after me. It was only made lawful for me for one hour of one day. Its thorn bushes may not be uprooted nor its trees cut down nor its game hunted nor any dropped things picked up in it except by someone who announces that he has done so". Al-'Abbas said, "Except for the idhkhir herb for our goldsmiths and our graves!" The Prophet said, "Except for the idhkhir herb."

Abu Hurayra said from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "For our graves and houses."

It is related from Safiyya bint Shayba, "I heard the like of it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."

It is related from Ibn 'Abbas, "For their smiths and their houses."

LXXVI: Are there circumstances under which it is permissable to take out the dead from the grave or grave niche?

1285. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy after he had been put into his grave and ordered that he be taken out. His body was placed on his knees and he (the Prophet) put some of his saliva on him and clothed him in his shirt. Allah knows best that he had given 'Abbas a shirt to wear."

Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was wearing two shirts and Ibn 'Abdullah said to him, 'Messenger of Allah, clothe my father in your shirt which is next to your skin.'" Sufyan said, "So they thought that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had clothed 'Abdullah in his shirt to recompense him for what he had done."

1286. It is related that Jabir said, "When Uhud was near, my father called me in the night and said, 'I think that I will be among the first of the Companions of the Prophet to be slain. I do not leave after me anyone dearer to me than you except for the soul of the Messenger of Allah*. I have debts, so repay them and treat your sisters well.' In the morning, he was the first to be killed and was buried together with someone else in a grave. I was not happy to leave him with the other person, so six months later I took him out and he was as he had been on the day I put him in, except for a small place on his ear."

1287. It is related that Jabir said, "A man was buried with my father and I was not happy until I took him out and put him in a grave on his own."

LXXVII: The niche (lahd) and the cut in the grave

1288. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put two of the men killed at Uhud into a single garment. Then he asked, 'Which of them knew more of the Qur'an?' When one of them was indicated, he put him first in the grave and said, 'I will be a witness for these on the Day of Rising.' He instructed that they be buried covered in their blood and not washed."

LXXVIII: When a child becomes Muslim and then dies, is the prayer said over him? Should a child be offered Islam?

Al-Hasan, Shurayh, Ibrahim and Qatada said, "When one of the parents becomes Muslim, the child is automatically with the Muslims." Ibn 'Abbas stayed with his mother among the oppressed and was not with his father who kept to his people's religion. He said, "Islam is superior and nothing is superior to it."

1289. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "'Umar went with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with a group to visit Ibn Sayyad. They found him playing with some children in the hills of Banu Maghala. Ibn Sayyad, who was approaching puberty, did not notice them until the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, patted him with his hand and then said to Ibn Sayyad, 'Do you testify that I am the Messenger of Allah?' Ibn Sayyad looked at him and said, 'I testify that you are the Messenger of the unlettered.' Ibn Sayyad said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'Do you testify that I am the Messenger of Allah?' He refuted it and said, 'I have believed in Allah and His Messengers.' Then he said to him, What do you think?' Ibn Sayyad said, 'Both truthful people and liars come to me.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'You are in a state of confusion.' Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, 'I am concealing something from you.' Ibn Sayyad said, 'It is just smoke.' He said, 'Shame on you! Do not go too far.' 'Umar said, 'Messenger of Allah, let me cut his head off?' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'If it is him, you will not be able to get the better of him. If it is not him, there is no point in killing him.'"

Ibn 'Umar said, "After that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Ubayy ibn Ka'b went to the palm-grove where Ibn Sayyad was staying. He wanted to hear something from Ibn Sayyad without Ibn Sayyad seeing him. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw him lying down, covered by a sheet from which was coming a murmuring sound. The mother of Ibn Sayyad saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, concealing himself among the palm trunks and she said to Ibn Sayyad, 'Saf! (which was a name of Ibn Sayyad) Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is here.' So Ibn Sayyad got up. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'If she had left him, it would have been clear.'"

Shu'ayb said in his hadith, "fa-rafasahu" and ramrama or zamzama. 'Uqayl said ramrama and Ma'mar said ramza.

1290. It is related that Anas said, "A Jewish boy used to serve the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and then became ill. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to visit him and sat at his head and said to him, 'Become Muslim.' He looked at his father who was with him. He said to him, 'Obey Abu'l-Qasim.' So he became Muslim. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, left saying, 'Praise be to Allah who has saved him from the Fire.'"

1291. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas used to say, "My mother and I were among the weak and poor - I was one of the children and my mother was one of the women."

1292. It is related that Ibn Shihab said, "You should pray over every dead child, even if it is the child of a prostitute because he is one in the natural state of Islam if his parents are Muslims or even if only his father is a Muslim and his mother not Muslim. Provided that he cries at birth, the prayer is said over him. It is not said over someone who does not cry at birth as that is considered a miscarriage. Abu Hurayra related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'There is no child who is not born in the natural state and then his parents make him Jewish, Christian or Magian, just as an animal gives birth to a whole animal. Do you expect it to be mutilated?' Then Abu Hurayra said, 'The natural form upon which Allah originated mankind.' (30:30)"

1293. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "There is no child who is not born in the natural state and then his parents make him Jewish, Christian or Magian, just as an animal gives birth to a whole animal. Do you expect it to be mutilated?" Then Abu Hurayra said, "The natural form upon which Allah originated mankind." (30:30)

LXXIX: If the idolater says at death, "There is no god but Allah."

1294. It is related from the father of Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, "When Abu Talib was near death, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to him and found Abu Jahl ibn Hisham and 'Abdullah ibn Abi Umayya ibn al-Mughira with him. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to Abu Talib, 'Uncle, say, "There is no god but Allah", and I will testify before Allah that you said it.' Abu Jahl and 'Abdullah ibn Abi Umayya said, 'Abu Talib! Will you turn from the religion of 'Abdu'l-Muttalib?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, continued to offer it to him and they kept on cautioning him against it until the last thing that Abu Talib said was that he was of the religion of 'Abdu'l-Muttalib and refused to say, 'There is no god but Allah.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'By Allah, I will continue to ask for forgiveness for you as long as I am not forbidden to do it for you.' Then Allah Almighty sent down about him, 'It is not for the Prophet...' (9:113)"

LXXX: Placing a stripped palm branch on the grave

Burayda al-Aslami commanded two branches to be placed on his grave. Ibn 'Umar saw a tent over the grave of 'Abdu'r-Rahman and said, "Remove it, boy! His deeds shade him him." Kharija ibn Zayd said, "When we young in the time of 'Uthman , I remember that the best jumper among us was the one who could jump over the grave of 'Uthman ibn Maz'un and clear it." 'Uthman ibn Hakim said, "Kharija took my hand and made me sit on a grave and he told me that his uncle, Yazid ibn Thabit said, "That is disliked if you intend to break wudu' (lit. do hadath) on it." Nafi' said. "Ibn 'Umar used to sit on graves."

1295. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "He passed by two graves whose inhabitants were being punished.' He said, 'They are not being punished for anything very great. One of them did not protect himself from urine and the other used to go around slandering people.' Then he took a green palm branch, split it in two and then stuck one piece in each grave. They said, 'Messenger of Allah, why did you do that?' He said, 'For the reason that it may be lightened for them for as long as they do not not dry out.'"

LXXXI: Someone giving admonition at the grave and his companions sitting around him

"Coming out of the graves" (70:43) where ajdath means graves. Bu'thirat (82:4) means to raise. "Bu'thara haydi" means to turn it over. Ifad is to hasten. Al-A'mash recited it as "ila nasb", (70:43), menaing "to something set up which they preserve". Nusb is singular and nasb is a verbal noun. In "on the day of emerging from the graves," (36:51) yansilun means t"o come out".

1296. It is related that 'Ali said, "We took part in a funeral prayer in Baqi' al-Gharqad. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to us and sat and we sat around him. He was holding a stick and he lowered his head and began to strike the ground with his stick. Then he said, 'There is none of you, nor any created soul, who does not have his place written for him in the Garden or the Fire. It is written whether or not he is to be wretched or happy.' A man said, 'Messenger of Allah, should we then rely on what is written for us and abandon action. Anyone among us who is among the people of happiness will get the actions of the people of happiness, and anyone among us who is among the people of wretchedness will get the actions of the people of wretchedness.' He said, 'The actions leading to happiness are made easy for the people of happiness and the actions leading to wretchedness are made easy for the people of wretchedness.' Then he recited, 'As for he who gives and is godfearing...'" (92:5-6)

LXXXII: What is said about someone who kills himself

1297. It is related from Thabit ibn ad-Dahhak that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who deliberately swears falsely by a religion other than Islam is as he affirms. Whoever kills himself with a piece of iron will be punished by it in the Fire of Jahannam."

1298. It is related from Jundub (in this mosque and we did not forget nor fear that Jundub would lie) that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There was a man with wounds who killed himself and Allah said, 'My slave hastened his way to Me, and so I made the Garden unlawful for him.'"

1299. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Someone who strangles himself will strangle himself in the Fire. Someone who stabs himself will stab himself in the Fire."

LXXXIII: Praying over the hypocrites and asking Allah's forgiveness for the idolaters is disliked

Ibn 'Umar related it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

1300. It is related that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "When 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul died, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked to pray over him. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood, I got up quickly to him and said, 'Messenger of Allah, are you going to pray over Ibn Ubayy when he said such-and-such and such-and-such' and he recounted what he had said. The Messenger of Allah smiled and said, ''Umar, get away from me.' When I kept at him too much, he said, 'I have been given a choice and I have chosen. If I knew that he would be forgiven if I did it more than seventy times, I would do it.'" He said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed over him and then left. Shortly after that, the two ayats of Bara'a (9) were sent down: 'And never pray over any of them when he is dead...to..ungodly.' (9:84)" He said, "Later I was amazed at my boldness towards the Messenger of Allah* on that day when Allah and His Messenger know best."

LXXXIV: People praising the dead

1301. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "A funeral procession passed by and they were praising the dead man. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'It is inevitable.' Then another passed and they were speaking ill of the dead man. He said, 'It is inevitable.' 'Umar ibn al-Khattab said, 'What is inevitable?' He said, 'You praised this one, and so the Garden is inevitable for him and you spoke evil of this one, so the Fire is inevitable for him. You are the witnesses of Allah on the earth.'"

1302. It is related that Abu'l-Aswad said, "I came to Madina during an epidemic. I was sitting with 'Umar ibn al-Khattab when a funeral passed by and the dead man was praised. 'Umar said, 'It is inevitable.' Then another passed by and they praised the dead. 'Umar said, 'It is inevitable.' Then a third passed by and they spoke ill of the dead. 'Umar said, 'It is inevitable.'" Abu'l-Aswad said, "I said, 'What is inevitable, Amir al-Mu'minin?' He said, 'I say as the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Any Muslim to whose goodness four people testify, will be admitted by Allah to the Garden." We said, "And if three do?" He said, "Three as well." We said, "And two." He said, "Two also." Then we did not ask him about one.'"

LXXXV: What has come about the punishment in the grave

The words of Allah Almighty, "When the wrongdoers in the throes of death when the angels are stretching out their hands: 'Disgorge your own selves! Today you will be repaid with the punishment of humiliation.'" (6:93) Hun is disgrace and hawn is gentleness. The words of Allah Almighty, "We will punish them twice over and then they will be returned to a terrible punishment." (9:101) The words of Allah Almighty, "A most evil torment engulfed Pharaoh's people – the Fire, to which, morning and night, they are exposed and, on the Day the Hour takes place: 'Admit Pharaoh's people to the harshest punishment!'" (40:45-46)

1303. It is related that al-Bara' ibn 'Azib said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the believer is made to sit up in his grave, [the angels] will come to him and he will testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. That is indicated by Allah's words, 'Allah makes those who believe firm with the Firm Word.' (14:27)"

This is related from Shu'ba and he added, "'Allah makes those who believe firm' was revealed about the punishment of the grave."

1304. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, looked at the people of the well [at Badr] and said, 'Have you found what your Lord promised you to be true?' Someone said to him, 'Are you talking to the dead?' He said, 'You hear no better than they do. However, they cannot answer.'"

[This refers to the unbelievers killed in the Battle of Badr.]

1305. It is related that 'A'isha said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Now they know that what I said was the truth." Allah Almighty says, "You will not make the dead to hear." (16:80)

1306. It is related from 'A'isha that a Jewish woman came to her and mentioned the punishment of the grave saying, "May Allah give you refuge from the punishment of the grave!" So 'A'isha asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about the punishment of the grave. He said, "Yes, the punishment of the grave exists." 'A'isha said, "After that, I never saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray a prayer without seeking refuge in Allah from the punishment of the grave."

1307. It is related that Asma' bint Abu Bakr was heard to say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up to speak and he mentioned the trial of the grave in which a man is tested. When he mentioned that, the Muslims began to shout." Ghandar added, "The punishment of the grave is true."

1308. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the slave is placed in his grave, and his companions turn and go, and he can hear the tread of their sandals, two angels come to him and make him sit up and say to him, 'What do you say about this man, Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?' He will say, 'I testify that he is the slave of Allah and His Messenger.' It will be said, 'Look at your place in the Fire. Allah has given you, in exchange for it, a place in the Garden.'"

Qatada said, "It was mentioned to us that his grave would be made spacious," and then he continued the hadith of Anas. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The unbeliever or the hypocrite will say, 'I do not know. I used to say what everyone else said.' He will be told, 'You neither understood nor followed the guidance.' Then he will be hit between the ears with an iron hammer and will cry out with a cry which is heard by everything near him except men and jinn."

LXXXVI: Seeking refuge from the punishment of the grave

1309. It is related that Abu Ayyub said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out after the sun had set and heard a noise. He said, 'Jews being punished in their graves."

Different isnad.

1310. It is related that the daughter of Khalid ibn Sa'id ibn al-'As heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, seeking refuge from the punishment of the grave."

1311. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to make the supplication: 'O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the punishment of the grave and from the punishment of the Fire and from the trials of life and death and from the False Messiah.'"

LXXXVII: The punishment of the grave for backbiting and urine

1312. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by two graves and said, "They are being, and they are not being punished for anything very great." Then he said, "One of them used to go around slandering people and the other did not protect himself from urine." Then he took a green palm branch, split it in two and then stuck one piece in each grave and said, "It may be lightened for them for as long as they do not not dry out."

LXXXVIII: A dead person is shown his place in the morning and the evening

1313. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of you dies, he is shown his destined place morning and evening. If he is one of the people of the Garden, it is among the people of the Garden. If he is one of the people of the Fire, he is told, 'This is your place until Allah raises you up on the Day of Rising.'"

LXXXIX: The words of a dead person on the bier

1314. It is related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the body is laid out and the men carry it on their shoulders, if it was righteous, it says, 'Take me forward, Take me forward' and it was it not righteous, it says, 'Woe to me, where are you taking it?'' Everything except man hears its voice. If he were to hear it, he would faint."

LC: What is said about the children of the Muslims

Abu Hurayra said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who has three of his children die before puberty will be screened by them from the Fire, or will enter the Garden."

1315. It is related that Anas said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "No Muslim has three of his children die before reaching puberty without Allah admitting him to the Garden by virtue of His mercy for them."

1316. It is related that al-Bara' said, "When Ibrahim, peace be upon him, died, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'He has a wet-nurse in the Garden.'"

LCI: What is said about the children of idolaters

1317. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about the children of the idolaters and he said, 'Since Allah created them He knows best what they would have done.'"

1318. It was related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about the children of the idolaters and he said, 'Since Allah created them He knows best what they would have done.'"

1319 It is related that Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Every child is born in a natural state and his parents make him a Jew, Christian or Magian just as the animal gives birth to an animal - do you see any mutilation in it?"

1320. It is related that Samura ibn Jundub said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had prayed the prayer, he would turn to face us and say, 'Who among you had a dream in the night?'" He said, "If anyone had had a dream, he would recount it and the Prophet would say, 'As Allah wills.' One day he asked us and said, 'Has any of you had a dream?' We said, 'No.' He said, 'But in the night I dreamt that two men came to me and took me by the hand and brought me to the Holy Land. There was a man sitting and a man standing with an iron hook. (One of our companions said from Musa that) he put that hook into the side of his mouth until it reached the back of his neck and then did the same thing to the other side of his mouth and the first side had become whole. Then he did the same thing again. I said, "What is this?" They said, "Go on," and we went on until we came upon a man lying on his back while another man was standing at his head with a stone or a rock with which he was crushing it. When he hit him, the stone rolled away and he went to get it. When he returned to the man his head was whole again and had become as it had been in the first place. So he went back and hit him again. I said, "Who is this?" They said, "Go on," and we went on until we came upon a hole like an oven. Its top was narrow and its bottom wide, and there was a fire kindled under it. When the flames flared up, the people were lifted until they were almost out and when it subsided, they returned into it. It contained naked men and women. I said, "Who is this?" They said, "Go on," and we went on until we came to a river of blood in the middle of which there was a man standing together with another man carrying some stones in front of him. The man in the river came forward and when he tried to get out, the other man threw a stone into his mouth and he went back to where he had been before. Whenever he tried to get out, the other would throw a stone in his mouth and he would go back to where he had been before. I said, "What is this?" They said, "Go on," and we went on until we came to a green meadow with a huge tree in it. At its foot was an old man and some children. There a man near the tree with a fire in front of him which he was lighting. The two men made me climb the tree and took me into a house which was more beautiful than any I had ever seen. In it were some old men, young men, women and children. Then they took me out from there and made me climb further up the tree and brought me into an even better and more beautiful house which contained old men and young men. I said, "You have been my travel guides for the whole night, so tell me about what I have seen." They said, "Certainly! As for the one you saw whose jaw was being torn open, he was liar who told lies that were relayed from him until they spread everywhere. So that is what will be done to him until the Day of Rising. The man you saw whose head was being crushed was someone to whom Allah had taught the Qur'an who used to sleep without reciting it at night and did not act by it during the day. That will be done to him until the Day of Rising. Those you saw in the hole are the fornicators. The man you saw in the river consumed usury. The old man at the foot of the tree was Ibrahim, peace be upon him, and the children around him are people's children. The one who was kindling the fire was Malik, the Guardian of the Fire. The first house you entered was the house of the generality of believers. This house is the house of those killed fighting in the way of Allah. I am Jibril and this Mika'il. Raise your head." I raised my head and above me was something like a cloud. They said, "This is your destined place." I said, "Let me enter my place." They said, "You still have some of your life left which has not been completed. If it were complete, you would have come to your place."'"

XCII: Dying on Monday

1321. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I visited Abu Bakr and he said, 'In how many cloths was the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, shrouded?'" She said, "In three white Sahuli cloths without a shirt or a turban." Hisham's father said, "He said to her, 'On what day did the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, die?' She said, 'Monday.' He asked, 'What day is this?' She said, 'Monday.' He said, 'I hope it will be between now and tonight.' He looked at a garment he was wearing during his illness and it had a saffron stain on it. He said, 'Wash this garment and add two other garments to it and shroud me in it.' I said, 'It is worn out.' He said, 'The living have more right to new things than the dead. It is only to absorb the pus.' He did not die until the evening of Tuesday and was buried before morning."

XCIII: Sudden unexpected death

1322. It is related from 'A'isha that a man said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "My mother died suddenly and I thought that if she had spoken, she would have given sadaqa. Will she have a reward if I give sadaqa for her?" He said, "Yes."

XCIV: What has come about the graves of the Prophet, Abu Bakr and 'Umar

Aqbaratu'r-rajul (80:21) is when you give him a grave and qabartuhu is to bury him. Kifat (77:25) is a place where there are living people and in which the dead are buried.

1323. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to ask in his illness, 'What day is it today? Where will I be tomorrow?' waiting for the day of 'A'isha." (She said,) "It was my day when Allah took him lying on my lap. He was buried in my room."

1324. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said in his final illness, "Allah cursed the Jews and the Christians. They took the graves of their Prophets as mosques." She said, "If it had not been for that, they would have given prominence to his grave. However, I am still afraid that it might be made into a mosque."

Hilal said, "'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr gave me a kunya when I had no children."

1325. It is related from Sufyan at-Tammar that he saw the grave of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised in a convex shape.

1326. It is related from the father of Hisham ibn 'Urwa, "When the wall fell down in the time of al-Walid ibn 'Abdu'l-Malik, they began to rebuild it and a foot appeared. They were alarmed, thinking it to be the foot of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. No one could be found who knew about it until 'Urwa said to them, 'No, by Allah, it is not the foot of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. It is only the foot of 'Umar.'"

1327. Hisham's father related that 'A'isha made a will to 'Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr saying, "Do not bury me with them. Bury me with my companions in al-Baqi'. I would hate to be thought purer because of it."

1328. It is related that 'Amr ibn Maymun al-Awdi said, "I saw 'Umar ibn al-Khattab say, 'O 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar! Go to the Umm al-Mu'minin, 'A'isha and say, "'Umar ibn al-Khattab sends greeting to you." Then ask her if I can be buried with my two companions.' She said, 'I had wanted that for myself, but today I prefer him to myself.' When he returned, 'Umar said, 'What news do you have?' He said, 'She gives you permission, Amir al-Muminin.' He said, 'Nothing is more important to me than to be laid there. When I die, carry me there and then greet her and say, "'Umar ibn al-Khattab asks permission." If she gives permission, then bury me. Otherwise, take me back to the graves of the Muslims. I do not know of anyone more entitled to do this task than those people with whom the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was pleased when he died. Whoever is chosen to be the khalif after me is the khalif, so listen to him and obey him.' Then he named 'Uthman, 'Ali, Talha, az-Zubayr, 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf and Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas. A young man of the Ansar came in and said, 'Amir al-Mu'minin, rejoice in the good news of Allah. You came early to Islam, as you know, then you became the khalif and were just and then, after all that, death in the way of Allah.' He said, 'Nephew, I only hope that that is sufficient so that nothing remains for me nor against me. I advise the khalif after me to be good to the first Muhajirun, to acknowledge their right and to preserve respect (hurma) for them. I advise him to be good to the Ansar who possessed the abode and belief, to accept their good and overlook their bad. I advise him to fulfil the contract of the dhimma of Allah and the dhimma of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and to fight for them and not to burden them with more than they can bear.'"

XCV: The prohibition on cursing the dead

1329. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do not curse the dead. They have arrived at what they sent ahead."

It is related from al-A'mash.

It is corroborated from Shu'ba.

XCVI: Mentioning the evil among the dead

1330. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "Abu Lahab, may he be cursed, said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'May you perish all the day!' It was revealed, 'Perish the hands of Abu Lahab and may he perish.' (111)"

Return to Contents

Return to Home Page