I: The Rain Prayer and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, going out for the Rain Prayer
960. It is related that the uncle of 'Abbad ibn Tamim said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to ask for rain and turned his cloak inside out."
II: The supplication of the Prophet, "Give them years of drought like the drought years of Yusuf!"
961. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his head from the last rak'at, he would say, "O Allah, rescue 'Ayyash ibn Abi Rabi'a! O Allah, rescue Salama ibn Hisham! O Allah, rescue al-Walid ibn al-Walid! O Allah, rescue all oppressed believers! O Allah, be hard on Mudar! O Allah, give them years of drought like the drought years of Yusuf!" And the Prophet. may Allah bless him and grant him peace, added, "May Allah forgive (ghafara) Ghifar and keep (salama) Aslam safe."
Ibn Abi'z-Zinad said about his father, "All of this was in the Subh prayer."
962. It is related that Masruq said, "We were with 'Abdullah and he said, 'When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,saw people turning their backs on Islam, he said, "O Allah, seven years like the years of Yusuf!" They suffered a drought which destroyed everything so that they were eating skins, carrion and rotting carcases. If any of them looked up into the sky they would see smoke because of their hunger. Abu Sufyan went to him and said, "Muhammad! You command people to obey Allah and maintain ties of kinship. Your people are dying, so pray to Allah for them." Then Allah Almighty said, "So be on the watch for a day when heaven brings forth a distinctive smoke which enshrouds mankind ...to... you revert ! On the day We launch the Great Assault." (44:10-16)' The 'assault' refers to the battle of Badr. And the 'smoke', the assault, al-lizam [i.e. killing] and the verse about the Greeks have all taken place."
III: People asking the Imam to ask for rain when there is a drought
963. It is related that the father of 'Abdullah ibn Dinar said, "I heard Ibn 'Umar reciting the poem of Abu Talib:
Faultless, he is asked, by his noble face, to pray for rain,A support for the orphans, a defence for the widows."
It is related that Salim said that his father (Ibn 'Umar) said, "Sometimes I remembered the words of the poet while looking at the face of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,when he was praying for rain. He did not get down until the rain was flowing in every gutter:
Faultless, he is asked, by his noble face, to pray for rain,A support for the orphans, a defence for the widows.
Those were the words of Abu Talib."
964. It is related from Anas, "If there was a drought, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab would ask al-'Abbas ibn 'Abdu'l-Muttalib to do the rain prayer. He would say, 'O Allah, we seek intercession with You by Your Prophet and we ask You for rain. We seek intercession with You by the uncle of our Prophet, so give us rain!'" He added, "And they were given rain."
IV: Turning the cloak inside out during the Rain Prayer
965. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Zayd that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed for rain and turned his cloak inside out.
967. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Zayd, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to the place of prayer and prayed for rain. He faced the qibla and turned his cloak inside out and prayed two rak'ats."
Ibn 'Uyayna used to say, "He was the one of the adhan," but it is weak because this 'Abdullah ibn Zayd is 'Abdullah ibn Zayd ibn 'Asim al-Mazini from the Mazin of the Ansar."
V: Doing the Rain Prayer in the Communal Mosque
968. It is related from Sharik ibn 'Abdullah ibn Abi Namir that he heard Anas ibn Malik mention that on the day of Jumu'a a man entered the door opposite the minbar while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was standing giving the khutba. He stood in front of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "Messenger of Allah, our livestock are dying and the roads are blocked, so make supplication to Allah to give us rain." He said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his hands and said, 'O Allah, give us rain! O Allah, give us rain! O Allah, give us rain.'"
Anas said, "By Allah, we could not see a cloud or even a speck of cloud or anything else in the sky and there was no house or building between us and Sila'." He went on, "Then a cloud looking like a shield rose up behind him and when it reached the middle of the sky it spread out and then it rained." He said, "By Allah, we did not see the sun for a week. Then a man entered by the same door the next Jumu'a while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was giving the khutba, stood in front of him and said, 'Messenger of Allah, our property is being destroyed and the roads are blocked, so make supplication to Allah to stop it.'" He said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his hands and then said, 'O Allah, around us and not on us! O Allah, on the hill-tops and mountains, hills, valleys and the places where trees grow.'" He said, "It stopped and we left walking in the sunshine."
Sharik said, "I asked Anas, 'Was it the same man?' He replied, 'I do not know.'"
VI: Asking for rain in the Jumu'a khutba facing other than qibla
968. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that on the day of Jumu'a a man entered the door facing Dar al-Qada' while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was standing giving the khutba. He stood in front of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "Messenger of Allah, our property is being destroyed and the roads are blocked, so make supplication to Allah to give us rain." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his hands and said, 'O Allah, rescue us! O Allah, rescue us! O Allah, rescue us.'"
Anas said, "By Allah, we could not see a cloud or even a speck of cloud or anything else in the sky and there was no house or bulding between us and Sal'." He said, "Then a cloud looking like a shield rose up behind him and when it reached the middle of the sky, it spread out and then it rained." He went on, "By Allah, we did not see the sun for six days. Then a man entered by the same door on Jumu'a while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was giving the khutba. He stood in front of him and said, 'Messenger of Allah, property is being destroyed and the roads are blocked, so make supplication to Allah to stop it.'" He said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his hands and then said, 'O Allah, around us and not on us! O Allah, on the hill-tops, hills, in the valleys and the places where trees grow.'" He said, "It ceased and we left walking in the sunshine."
Sharik said, "I asked Anas, 'Was it the same man?' He replied, 'I do not know.'"
[Dar al-Qada': the House of Judgement, the house of Marwan ibn al-Hakam, which at the time belonged to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab. It was said to be the amir's house in Madina.
Sal': a mountain]
VII: Asking for rain on the minbar
969. It is related that Anas said, "While the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was giving the khutba on the day of Jumu'a, a man came and said, 'Messenger of Allah, there is a lack of rain, so pray to Allah to give us rain.' He made supplication and it rained so much that we could hardly reach our homes. It continued raining until the next Jumu'a." He continued, "That man or someone else got up and said, 'Messenger of Allah, ask Allah to avert it from us.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'O Allah, around us and not on us.'" He said, "I saw the clouds breaking up to the right and the left and it continued to rain, but it did not rain over Madina."
VIII: Thinking it enough to ask for rain during the Jumu'a prayer
970. It is related that Anas said, "A man came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Our livestock are dying and the roads are blocked.' He made supplication and it rained from one Jumu'a to the next. Then he came and said, 'Our houses are destroyed and the roads are blocked and livestock is perishing, so ask Allah to stop it. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up and said, 'O Allah, on the hilltops, hills, valleys and the places where trees grow.' The clouds peeled away from Madina like clothes that had been taken off."
IX: Supplication when the roads are cut off because of too much rain
971. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "A man came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, our livestock is dying and the roads are blocked, so pray to Allah.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made supplication and it rained from one Jumu'a to another. A man came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, our houses are being destroyed, the roads are blocked and livestock is dying.' So the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'O Allah, on the tops of the mountains, the hill tops, in the valleys and the places where trees grow.' The clouds peeled away from Madina like clothes that had been taken off."
X: Saying that the Prophet did not turn his cloak inside out when asking for rain on the day of Jumu'a
972. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that a man complained to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about the destruction of property and the hunger of children and he made supplication to Allah for rain. He did not mention that he turned his cloak inside out nor that he faced qibla.
XI: When people plead with the Imam to ask for rain for them, he should not refuse them
973. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "A man came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, our livestock is dying and the roads are blocked, so pray to Allah.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made supplication and it rained from one Jumu'a to another. A man came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, our houses are being destroyed, the roads are blocked and livestock is dying.' So the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'O Allah, on the tops of the mountains, the hill tops, in the valleys and the places where trees grow.' The clouds peeled away from Madina like clothes that had been taken off."
XII: When the idolaters ask the Muslims to intercede for them in a time of drought
974. It is related that Masruq said, "I went to Ibn Mas'ud and he said, 'Quraysh were slow to beome Muslim and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, invoked Allah against them and they suffered a drought during which some of them died and they were forced to eat carrion and bones. Abu Sufyan came to him and said, 'O Muhammad, you came to command that ties of kinship be maintained. Your people are dying, so make supplication to Allah.' He recited, 'So be on the watch for a day when heaven brings forth a distinctive smoke.' Then after that they reverted to disbelief. And that brought about the words of Allah Almighty, 'On the day We launch the Great Assault.' Referring to the Battle of Badr."
Asbat added from Mansur, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made supplication and they received rain which continued for for seven days. The people complained about there being too much rain and he said, 'O Allah, around us and not on us,' and the clouds streamed away from over his head, and the people around them had rain.'"
XIII: To make the supplication, "Around us and not on us," when there is too much rain
975. It is related that Anas said, "Once while the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was giving the khutba on the day of Jumu'a, people got up and shouted, saying, 'Messenger of Allah! There is no rain and the trees have turned red from the drought and the animals are dying, so pray to Allah to give us rain.' He said twice, 'O Allah, give us rain!' By Allah, we could not see even a speck of cloud in the sky but then a cloud formed and it rained. He came down from the minbar and did the prayer. When he had finished, it was raining and continued to do so until the following Jumu'a. When the Prophet. may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up to give the khutba they shouted out to him, 'Our houses are collapsing and the roads are blocked, so pray to Allah to hold it back from us.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, smiled and said, 'O Allah, around us and not on us.' It cleared away from Madina and began to rain all round it but not a drop fell on Madina. I looked at Madina and it was as if it was in a crown."
XIV: Supplication while standing in the Rain Prayer
976. It is related from Abu Ishaq, "'Abdullah ibn Yazid al-Ansari went out with al-Bara' ibn 'Azib and Zayd ibn Arqam and did the Rain Prayer. He stood up in front of them, without there being any minbar, and asked for forgiveness and then prayed two rak'ats in which he recited aloud. There was neither adhan nor iqama." Abu Ishaq said, "'Abdullah ibn Yazid had seen the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."
977. It is related from 'Abbad ibn Tamim from his uncle, who was one of the Companions of the Prophet that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out with the people to pray for rain for them. He stood and made supplication to Allah while standing and then faced the qibla and turned his cloak inside out and it rained.
XV: Reciting aloud in the Rain Prayer
978. It is related from 'Abbad ibn Tamim that his uncle said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to pray for rain and faced the qibla. He made supplication and turned his cloak inside out. Then he prayed two rak'ats in which he recited aloud."
XVI: How the Prophet turned his back on the people
979. It is related from 'Abbad ibn Tamim that his uncle said, "I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on the day when he went out to pray for rain." He said, "He turned his back on the people and faced the qibla to make supplication. Then he turned his cloak inside out and then led us, praying two rak'ats in which he recited aloud."
XVII: The Rain Prayer is two rak'ats
980. It is related from 'Abbad ibn Tamim that his uncle said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did the Rain Prayer, praying two rak'ats and reversing his cloak."
XVIII: The Rain Prayer at the communal prayer-ground
981. It is related from 'Abbad ibn Tamim that his uncle said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to the communal prayer-ground to do the Rain Prayer and faced qibla. He prayed two rak'ats and reversed his cloak."
It is related that Abu Bakr said, "He put the right over the left."
XIX: Facing qibla in the Rain Prayer
982. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Zayd al-Ansari, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to the prayer-ground to to the prayer. When he made supplication, or intended to make supplication, he faced qibla and turned his cloak inside out."
Abu 'Abdullah said, "This Ibn Zayd is Mazini and the first is Kufi. He is Ibn Yazid."
XX: People raising their hands together with the Imam in the Rain Prayer
983. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "A bedouin man from the desert came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on the day of Jumu'a and said, 'Messenger of Allah, cattle are dying, children are dying and people are dying.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his hands to make supplication and the people raised their hands with him." He went on, "We had not left the mosque before it started raining. It continued to rain until the next Jumu'a. Then the man came to the Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, travellers are held up and the roads are blocked.'"
XXI: The Imam raising his hands in the Rain Prayer
984. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not raise his hands in any of his supplications except when asking for rain. He raised his hands to such an extent that the whites of his armpits were visible."
XXII: What to say when it rains.
Ibn 'Abbas said that the expression ka sayyibin (like an abundant fall) (2:19) refers to rain. Another said, conjugating the verb, "sâba, asâba, yasûbu."
985. It is related from 'A'isha that when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw the rain, he said, "O Allah! May it be an abundant fall which brings benefit!"
'Ubaydullah corroborated it. al-Awza'i and 'Uqayl related it from Nafi'.
XXIII: Someone standing in the rain until it trickles down his beard
986. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The people suffered a drought in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. While the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was giving the khutba on the minbar on the day of Jumu'a, a Bedouin stood up and said, 'Messenger of Allah, our property is being destroyed and our children are hungry, so pray to Allah for us to give us rain." He said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his hands when there was not a speck in the sky." He went on, "Then clouds piled up like mountains and before he had got down from his minbar I saw the rain trickling down his beard. It rained on us that day and the next and the following and the ones after until the next Jumu'a when that Bedouin or another man stood up and said, "Allah, buildings are being destroyed and animals are drowning so pray to Allah for us.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his hands and said, 'O Allah, around us and not on us.'" He added, "Whenever he pointed with his hand at part of the sky, it opened up so that Madina was in a kind of clearing. The river-bed of Qanat was flowing for a month." He said, "No one came from any area without mention the abundance of rain."
XXIV: When the wind blows
987. It is related that Anas was heard to say, "The fact of a strong wind blowing could be noted in the expression on the face of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."
XXV: The words of the Prophet, "I was helped to victory by the east wind."
988. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I was helped to victory by the east wind and 'Ad was destroyed by the west wind."
XXVI: What is said about earthquakes and other signs
989. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The Hour will not come until knowledge is taken away and earthquakes are frequent and time passes quickly and violent conflict appears and harj becomes commonplace, meaning slaughter, and your wealth increases to the point of overflowing.'"
990. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet said, "O Allah, bless us in our Syria and our Yemen." He said, "They said, 'And in our Najd.' He said, "O Allah, bless us in our Syria and our Yemen.'" He said, "They said, 'And in our Najd.'" He said that he said, "There will be earthquakes and violent conflict and the horn of Shaytan will rise from there."
XXVII: The words of Allah Almighty, "Do you associate your provision with your denial?" (56:82)
Ibn 'Abbas said that it refers to your being thankful.
991. It is related that Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in the Subh prayer at al-Hudaybiya and it had rained during the night. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished, he faced the people and said, 'Do you know what your Lord has said?' They said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said, 'Some of My slaves have got up this morning believing in Me, and others have got up disbelieving in Me. As for those who say, "We had rain by the bounty and mercy of Allah," they are the ones who believe in Me and disbelieve in the stars. But those who say, "We had rain by the rising of such-and-such a star," have disbelieved in Me and believed in the stars.'"
XXVIII: No one knows when the rain will come except Allah
Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There are five things which only Allah knows."
992. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The keys to the Unseen are five things which only Allah knows. No one knows what will happen tomorrow, no one knows what is inside the wombs, no self knows what it will gain tomorrow, no self knows what land it will die in and no one knows when the rain will come."
I: The prayer in a solar eclipse
993. It is related that Abu Bakra said, "We were with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in his house when a solar eclipse took place. The Prophet. may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up and went dragging his cloak into the mosque. We entered and he led us, praying two rak'ats, until the sun had become clear again. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The sun and the moon do not eclipse because of anyone's death. When you see them, pray and make supplication until they are over.'"
994. It is related that Abu Mas'ud was heard to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The sun and the moon do not eclipse because of anyone's death. Rather they are two of the signs of Allah. When you see them, stand and pray."
995. It is related that Ibn 'Umar reported from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "The sun and the moon do not eclipse because of anyone's life or death. Rather they are two of the signs of Allah. When you see them, pray."
996. It is related that al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba said, "There was a solar eclipse in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on the day that Ibrahim died and the people said, 'The sun is eclipsed because of the death of Ibrahim.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The sun and the moon do not eclipse because of anyone's life or death. Rather they are two of the signs of Allah. When you see them, pray and make supplication to Allah.'"
II: Sadaqa during eclipses
997. It is related that 'A'isha said, "There was an eclipse of the sun in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led the people in prayer. He stood, and did so for a long time. Then he went into ruku' and made the ruku' long. Then he stood again, and did so for a long time, though not as long as the first time. Then he went into ruku' and made the ruku' long, though not as long as the first time. Then he prostrated and made the prostration long. Then he did the same in the second rak'at as he had done the first rak'at. Then he finished when the sun had appeared. He addressed the people and praised and glorified Allah. Then he said, 'The sun and moon are two of Allah's signs. They do not eclipse for the life or death of anyone. When you see an eclipse, call on Allah and say "Allah is greater" and pray and give sadaqa.' He then said, 'O community of Muhammad! By Allah, there is no one more jealous than Allah with regard to a male or female slave of his committing adultery. O community of Muhammad! By Allah, if you knew what I knew, you would laugh little and weep much.'"
III The call that the prayer for the eclipse is to be a group prayer
998. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said, "When the sun became eclipsed in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a call was given that the prayer was to be a group prayer."
IV: The Imam's khutba in an eclipse
'A'isha and Asma' said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave a khutba."
999. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There was an eclipse of the sun in the lifetime of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He went out to the mosque and the people formed rows behind him. He said that takbir and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made the recitation long. Then he said the takbir and did a long ruku'. He said, 'Allah hears whoever praises him.' He did not prostrate and recited a long recitation which was close to the first recitation. Then he he did a long ruku' which was close to the first ruku'. Then he said, 'Allah hears whoever praises him. Our Lord, praise is Yours.' Then he prostrated and then said in the second rak'at the like of that. He did four rak'ats with four prostrations. The sun cleared before he had finished. Then he stood up and praised Prophet as He deserves.Then he said, 'They are two of the signs of Allah. They do not eclipse for the life or death of anyone. When you see them, then go to the prayer.'"
It is related that, when 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas was giving an account of the day of the solar eclipse with a similar hadith to that of 'Urwa from 'A'isha, az-Zuhri said, "I said to 'Urwa, 'On the day when there was the eclipse in Madina, your brother did not pray any more than two rak'ats like those of the Subh prayer.' He said, 'Yes, because he was mistaken as to the true sunna.'"
V. CHAPTER: Should the word kasafat or khasafat be used of the sun to denote "eclipse"?
Allah Almighty says, "The moon was eclipsed," using khasafa.
1000. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, said, "On the day the sun was eclipsed (khasafat), the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said the takbir and made the recitation long. Then he did a long ruku'. Then he raised his head and said, 'Allah hears whoever praises him.' He stood as he had done and then recited a long recitation which was close to the first recitation. Then he he did a long ruku' which was close to the first rak'at. Then he made a long prostration and did the like of that in the second rak'at. Then he said the taslim and the sun cleared. He addressed the people and said about the eclipsing (kusuf) of the sun and the moon, 'They are two of Allah's signs. They do not eclipse for the life or death of anyone. When you see them, then go to the prayer.'"
VI: The words of the Prophet, "Allah makes His slaves feel fear through eclipses."
Abu Musa mentioned this from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
1001. It is related that Abu Bakr said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The sun and the moon are two of the signs of Allah. They do not eclipse because of anyone's death, but Allah makes His slaves feel fear through them."
'Abdu'l-Warith, Shu'ba, Khalid ibn 'Abdullah and Hammad ibn Salama did not mention from Yunus, "makes His slaves feel fear through them."
Al-Hasan corroborated it from Abu Bakra from the Prophet, "Allah makes His slaves feel fear through them."
Ash'ath corroborated it from al-Hasan.
VII: Seeking refuge from the punishment of the grave during eclipses
1002. It is related from 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, that a Jewish woman came to beg from her and said, "May Allah give you refuge from the punishment of the grave!" So 'A'isha asked the Messenger of Allah, "Are people punished in their graves?" and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, took refuge in Allah from that. Then one morning the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out on a journey and there was an eclipse of the sun, and he returned in the late morning and passed through behind his rooms. Then he stood and prayed, and the people stood behind him. He stood for a long time, and then went into ruku' for a long time. Then he rose and stood for a long time, though less than the first time, and then went into ruku' for a long time, though less than the first time. Then he rose and went down into prostration. Then he stood for a long time, though less than the time before, and then went into ruku' for a long time, though less than the time before. Then he rose and went into prostration. When he had finished, he said what Allah willed him to say, and then he told them to seek protection from the punishment of the grave."
VIII: Lengthening the sajda during an eclipse
1003. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said, "When the sun was eclipsed in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a call was given that the prayer was to be done in a group. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did two ruku's before going into sajda. Then he stood up and again did two ruku's before going into sajda. Then he sat and then the sun became clear." 'A'isha said, "I have never ever done a longer sajda than that."
IX: The eclipse prayer in a group
Ibn 'Abbas led them in prayer beside Zamzam. 'Ali ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas and Ibn 'Umar prayed in a group.
1004. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said, "The sun was eclipsed in the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed. He stood for a long time, about the time it takes to recite Surat al-Baqara. Then he did a long ruku'. Then he stood for a long time, but less than the first standing. Then he did a long ruku' which was less than the first ruku'. Then he did prostration. Then he came up and stood for a long time, but less thant the first standing. Then he did a long ruku' which was less than the first ruku'. Then he stood for a long time, but less than the first standing. Then he did a long ruku' which was less than the first ruku'. Then he prostrated The sun cleared before he had finished. Then he said, 'The sun and the moon are two of the signs of Allah. They do not eclipse for the life or death of anyone. When you see them, then remember Allah.'
"They said, 'Messenger of Allah, we saw you reach out for something while you were standing here and then we saw you withdraw.' He said, 'I saw the Garden and I reached out for a bunch of grapes from it, and if I had taken it, you would have been able to eat from it for as long as this world lasted. Then I saw the Fire - and I have never seen anything more hideous than what I saw today - and I saw that most of its people were women.' They said, 'Why, Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'Because of their ingratitude.' It was asked, 'Are they ungrateful to Allah?' He said, 'They are ungrateful to their husbands, and they are ungrateful for good behaviour (towards them). Even if you were to behave well to one of them for a whole lifetime and she were to see you do something (that she did not like) she would say that she had never seen anything good from you.'"
X: Women praying with the men in the eclipse
1005. It is related from Asma' bint Abi Bakr that she said, "I went to 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, when there was a solar eclipse. The people were standing in prayer and she was also standing in prayer. I said, 'What are the people doing?' She pointed towards the sky and said, 'Glory be to Allah!' I said, 'A sign?' She indicated that it was so. I also stood to pray until I was overcome and fainted. I began to pour water over my head. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished the prayer, he praised Allah and lauded Him and then said, 'Anything which I did not see before I saw just now while standing here, including the Garden and the Fire. It was revealed to me that you will be tested in the graves with a like trial - or nearly like - [I do not know exactly which Asma' said] to that of the False Messiah. Each of you will be approached and asked, "What do you know of this man? The believer - or the one who is certain - [I do not know which exactly Asma' said] will say, "He is Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah who brought us the clear signs and guidance. So we responded to him, believed and followed him." He will be told, "Sleep, O virtuous one!" We know that you believed in him.' As for the hypocrite or the doubter - [I do not know which Asma' said] he will say, "I do not know. I heard people saying something and so I said it too."'"
XI: Liking to set people free during a solar eclipse
1006. It is related that Asma' said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded the freeing of slaves during solar eclipses."
XII: Holding the eclipse prayer in the mosque
1007. It is related from 'A'isha, that a Jewish woman came to beg from her and said, "May Allah give you refuge from the punishment of the grave!" So 'A'isha asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Are people punished in their graves?" and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, took refuge in Allah from that. Then one morning the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out on a journey and there was an eclipse of the sun, and he returned in the late morning and passed through behind his rooms. Then he stood and prayed, and the people stood behind him. He stood for a long time, and then went into ruku' for a long time. Then he rose and stood for a long time, though less than the first time, and then went into ruku' for a long time, though less than the first time. Then he rose and went down into prostration. Then he stood for a long time, though less than the time before, and then went into ruku' for a long time, though less than the time before. Then he rose and went into prostration. When he had finished, he said what Allah willed him to say, and then he told them to seek protection from the punishment of the grave."
XIII: "The sun does not eclipse for the life or death of anyone."
Abu Bakr, al-Mughira, Abu Musa, Ibn 'Abbas and Ibn 'Umar related it.
1008. It is related that Abu Mas'ud was heard to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The sun and the moon do not eclipse because of anyone's death. Rather they are two of the signs of Allah. When you see them, stand and pray."
1009. It is related that 'A'isha said, "There was a solar eclipse in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood and led the people in prayer and did a long recitation. Then he did a long ruku'. Then he raised his head and did a long recitation which was shorter than his first one. Then he did a long ruku' which was shorter than his first ruku'. Then he raised his head and then did two sajdas. Then he stood up again and did the same in the second rak'at. Then he stood up and said, 'The sun and the moon do not eclipse for the life or death of anyone, but they are two of the signs of Allah which he shows His slaves. When you see such a thing, go to the prayer.'"
XIV: Dhikr in the eclipse
Ibn 'Abbas related it.
1010. It is related that Abu Musa said, "There was an eclipse of the sun and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up in alarm, fearing that the Last Hour had come. He went to the mosque and prayed with the longest standing, ruku' and sajda I ever saw him do. He said, "These are signs which Allah sends, not because of the life or death of anyone but rather to make His slaves feel fear so if you see something like that, hurry to remember Him, make supplication and ask His forgiveness.'"
XV: Supplication in the eclipse
Abu Musa and 'A'isha reported that from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
1011. It is related that al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba said, "There was a solar eclipse in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on the day that Ibrahim died and the people said, 'The sun is eclipsed because of the death of Ibrahim.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The sun and the moon do not eclipse because of anyone's life or death. When you see them, pray and make supplication to Allah.'"
XVI: The Imam saying amma ba'd (Following on from that) in the khutba of the Eclipse Prayer
1012. It is related that Asma' said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished, the sun had cleared. He gave a khutba and praised Allah as He deserves. Then he said, amma ba'd (Following on from that).'"
XVII: The prayer during a lunar eclipse
1013. It is related that Abu Bakra said, "The sun was eclipsed in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he prayed two rak'ats."
1014. It is related that Abu Bakra said, "The sun was eclipsed in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he went out dragging his cloak until he reached the mosque. The people gathered to him and he led them in praying two rak'ats. He said, 'The sun and moon are two of Allah's signs. They do not eclipse for the death of anyone. When that happens, pray and make supplication until it clears.' That was when a son of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called Ibrahim had died. People were saying that it happened because of that."
XVIII: The first rak'at is longer in the eclipse
1015. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in the eclipse doing four ruku's in two rak'ats. The first was longer."
XIX: Reciting aloud in the eclipse
1016. It is related from 'A'isha, "In the eclipse prayer, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recited aloud. When he finished his recitation, he said the takbir and did ruku'. When he came up from ruku', he said, 'Allah hears the one who praises him. Our Lord, and praise is Yours." Then he again recited. The eclipse prayer has four ruk'us and four sajdas in two rak'ats.
It is related from 'A'isha, "The sun was eclipsed in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he sent out someone to announce that the prayer was to be held in a group. He went forward and prayed four ruk'us and four sajdas in two rak'ats."
'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Namir heard the same from Ibn Shihab.
Az-Zuhri said, "I said, 'What did your brother, 'Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr, do then? He only prayed two rak'ats like Subh when he prayed in Madina.' He said, 'Indeed! He was mistaken as to the sunna."
Sufyan ibn Husayn and Sulayman ibn Kathir corroborated from az-Zuhri that it is done aloud.
Chapter 23. The Prostration of Qur'an Recitation
I: What has come about the sajdas of the Qur'an and the sunan connected to them
1017. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recited an-Najm at Makka and did sajda in it and those with him did sajda - except for an old man, who took a handful of pebbles and brought them up to his forehead and said, 'This is enough for me.' I later saw him killed as an unbeliever."
II: Prostration in Tanzil as-Sajda (32)
1018. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recite, 'Alif-Lam-Mim Tanzil as-Sajda" and 'Hal ata 'ala'l-insan...' (74) in the Fajr prayer on the day of Jumu'a."
III: The sajda in Sad (38)
1019. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "Sad is not one of those which obliges prostration but I did see the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing sajda in it."
IV: The prostration for an-Najm (53)
Ibn 'Abbas transmitted it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
1020. It is related from 'Abdullah, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recited Surat an-Najm and did sajda in it and all of the people did sajda, but one man there took a handful of pebbles or earth and brought it up to his face and said, 'This is enough for me.' I later saw him killed as an unbeliever."
V: Muslims doing sajda together with idolaters.Idolaters are unclean and do not do wudu'
Ibn 'Umar used to do the sajda without wudu'.
1021. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prostrated in an-Najm and the Muslims, idolaters, jinn and men did sajda with him."
Ibn Tahman related it from Ayyub.
VI: Someone reciting an ayat of sajda and not prostrating
1022. It is related that 'Ata' ibn Yasar asked Zayd ibn Thabit, who claimed that he had recited an-Najm to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he did not do sajda in it.
1023. It is related that Zayd ibn Thabit said, "I recited an-Najm to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, but he did not prostrate in it."
VII: The sajda of "idha's-sama'n-shaqqat" (84)
1024. It is related that Abu Salama said, "I saw Abu Hurayra reciting "idha's-sama'n-shaqqat" and doing sajda in it. I said, 'Abu Hurayra, did I see you doing sajda?' He said, 'If I had not seen the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing sajda, I would not have done sajda.'"
VIII: Someone doing sajda together with the sajda of the reciter.
Ibn Mas'ud said to Tamim ibn Hadhlam when he was a boy and recited an ayat of sajda, "Prostrate, for you are our Imam."
1025. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recite to us a sura which contained a sajda and he would do sajda and we would do sajda provided we could find a place to put our foreheads."
IX: The crush of people when the Imam recited an ayat of sajda
1026. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recite an ayat of sajda when we were with him. He would do sajda and we would do sajda with him. There was such a crowd of us that some of us could not do the sajda for lack of room for our foreheads."
X: Someone thinking that Allah the Mighty and Exalted has not made sajda obligatory.
'Imran ibn Husayn was asked about a man who heard an ayat of sajda but was not sitting down when he did so. He said, "I think that even if he is sitting down it is not obligatory for him." Salman said, "We did not come for this." 'Uthman said, "The sajda is obligatory for all who hear it." Az-Zuhri said, "You should only do the sajda in a state of purity. When you do sajda and are not travelling, face the qibla. If you are riding, then you do it whichever way you are facing." As-Sa'ib ibn Yazid did not do sajda when storytellers did it.
1027. It is related from Rabi'a, "'Umar ibn al-Khattab recited Surat an-Nahl (16) on the minbar on the day of Jumu'a. When he reached the sajda, he came down and did sajda and the people did sajda. The following Jumu'a, he recited it. When he came to the prostration, he said, 'O people! When someone comes to an ayat of sajda, if he does sajda, he has acted rightly and if he does not do sajda, he has not done anything wrong.' 'Umar did not do sajda."
Ibn 'Umar added, "Allah has not made the sajda compulsory. It is up to us."
XI: Anyone reciting an ayat of sajda in the prayer should do sajda for it
1028. It is related that Abu Rafi' said, "I prayed 'Isha' behind Abu Hurayra and he recited, 'idha's-sama'n-shaqqat.' He did sajda. I said, 'What is this?' He said, 'I did sajda for it behind Abu'l-Qasim, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I will continue to do sajda for it until I meet him.'"
XII: Someone who cannot find a place to prostrate with the imam due to the crush of people
1029. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recite the sura which contained a sajda, he would do sajda and we would do sajda with him. Some of us could not find any place to put our foreheads.
Chapter 24. Shortening the Prayer
I: What has come down about shortening the prayer and for how long a stay is it permitted to shorten it
1030. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, once stayed somewhere for nineteen days during which he shortened the prayers. So when we travelled somewhere for nineteen days we would shorten the prayer but if we stayed longer we would do the full prayer."
1031. It is related that Anas was heard to say, "We went out with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from Madina to Makka and he prayed two rak'ats for every prayer until we returned to Madina. Yahya ibn Ishaq said, "I asked, 'Did you stay in Makka at all?' He replied, 'We stayed for ten days.'"
II: The prayer at Mina
1032. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "I prayed two rak'ats at Mina with the Prophet, Abu Bakr and 'Umar, and also with 'Uthman at the beginning of his rule, but he later did the prayer in full."
1033. It is related that Haritha ibn Wahb was heard to say, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in the prayer at Mina doing two rak'ats in a time of peace."
1034. It is related that 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Yazid was heard to say, "'Uthman ibn 'Affan led us in prayer at Mina doing four rak'ats. 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud was told about that and he said, 'We belong to Allah and return to Him!' Then he said, 'I prayed two rak'ats with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at Mina and I prayed two rak'ats with Abu Bakr at Mina, and I prayed two rak'ats with 'Umar ibn al-Khattab at Mina. Would that I were lucky enough to have two out of the four rak'ats accepted!'"
III: What length of time the Prophet stayed when he went on hajj
1035. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and his Companions arrived on the fourth morning of the month of hajj saying the talbiya. He commanded them to make it an 'umra except for those with sacrificial animals with them."
Jabir corroborated it.
IV: How long must a journey be to shorten the prayer
The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called travelling a day and a night a journey. Ibn 'Abbas used to shorten the prayer and break the fast for a distance of four burud (postal stages) which is sixteen farsakhs.
1036. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman should not travel for three days without a dhu mahram [close male relative]."
1037. See 1036.
Ibn al-Mubarak corroborated it from 'Ubaydullah.
1038. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to travel the distance of a day and a night without having a mahram with her."
Malik corroborated it from al-Maqburi from Abu Hurayra.
V: You can shorten the prayer when you have left the place you live
'Ali, peace be upon him, led and shortened the prayer even though he could still see the houses. When he returned, he was told, "This is Kufa." He said, "No, not until we enter it."
1039. It is related that Anas said, "I prayed Dhuhr with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing four rak'ats in Madina and we prayed two rak'ats at Dhu'l-Hulayfa."
1040. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the prayers were first made obligatory, they were all two rak'ats. Then the travelling prayer stayed the same but the prayer of the resident was made complete."
Az-Zuhri said, "I asked 'Urwa, 'Why did 'A'isha do the full prayers?' He said, 'She followed the same interpretation as 'Uthman.'"
VI: Praying three rak'ats for Maghrib while travelling
1041. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when he was in a hurry on a journey, delay Maghrib and join it with 'Isha'." Salim said, "'Abdullah used to do that when he was in a hurry on a journey."
Salim added, "Ibn 'Umar used to join Maghrib and 'Isha at Muzdalifa."
Salim said, "Ibn 'Umar delayed Maghrib when he heard that his wife, Safiyya bint Abi 'Ubayd, was dying [or had died]. I said to him, 'The prayer!' He said, 'Carry on.' I said, 'The prayer!' He said, 'Carry on,' until he had gone two or three miles. Then he got down and prayed and said, 'This is how I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray when he was travelling in a hurry.' 'Abdullah said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was travelling in a hurry, I saw him delay Maghrib and then pray it doing three rak'ats. Then he would say the taslim and then after a short time the iqama was said for 'Isha' and he prayed it doing two rak'ats. Then he said the taslim. He did not do any supererogatory prayers after 'Isha' until he got up in the middle of the night."
VII: Supererogatory prayers on animals no matter which way the animal is facing
1042. It is related that 'Amir said: "I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praying on his mount no matter which way it was facing."
1043. It is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray supererogatory prayers while he was riding and not facing qibla.
1044. It is related that Nafi' said, "Ibn 'Umar used to pray on his mount and he would also pray the witr on it. He reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to do that."
VIII: Doing the prayer by gesture on an animal
1045. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn Dinar said, "During journeys 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to pray on his mount using gestures no matter which way it turned. 'Abdullah said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to do that."
IX: Dismounting for the obligatory prayers
1046. It is related that 'Amir ibn Rabi'a said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while riding doing supererogatory prayers by gesturing with his head in whatever direction he was facing, but the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not do that for the obligatory prayers."
1047. It is related that Salim said, "'Abdullah used to pray on his mount during the night while travelling and he did not care which way he was facing. Ibn 'Umar said, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray superogatory prayers on his mount no matter which way he was facing and he would pray the witr on it, although he did not pray the obligatory prayers on it.'"
1048. It is related from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray on his mount towards the East. When he wanted to pray the obligatory prayer, he would dismount and face qibla."
X: Performing supererogatory prayers on a donkey
1049. It is related that Anas ibn Sirin said, "We went to welcome Anas when he came back from Syria and met him at 'Ayn at-Tamr. I saw him praying on a donkey facing that way - meaning to the left of the qibla. I said, 'I saw you praying facing other than the qibla.' He said, 'If I had not seen the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing it, I would not have done it.'"
Hajjaj related it from Anas ibn Sirin.
['Ayn at-Tamr: a place in Iraq.]
XI :Someone not doing supererogatory prayers before or after the prayer on journeys
1050. It is related that Hafs ibn 'Asim said, "Ibn 'Umar went on a journey and said, 'I accompanied the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and did not see him do any supererogatory prayers on the journey. Allah, may His mention be exalted, says, 'You have a good model in the Messenger of Allah.' (33:21)"
1051. It is related that Ibn 'Umar was heard to say, "I accompanied the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he never did more than two rak'ats on journeys. Abu Bakr, 'Umar and 'Uthman also did the same."
XII: Someone doing supererogatory prayers on a journey before but not after the prayers.
The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did the two rak'ats of Fajr on journeys
1052. It is related that 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abi Layla said, "No one but Umm Hani' informed us that they had seen the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray Duha. She mentioned that on the day Makka was conquered, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did ghusl in her house and prayed eight rak'ats. 'I never saw him do a more rudimentary prayer than it, but he did a complete ruku' and sujud.'"
1054. It is related that 'Amir reported that he had seen the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, during a journey doing supererogatory prayers at night on the back of his animal whichever way it turned.
1055. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to do supererogatory prayers on the back of his mount no matter which way it was facing, gesturing with his head. Ibn 'Umar used to do that.
XIII: Joining Maghrib and 'Isha' on a journey.
1055. It is related that Salim's father said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to join Maghrib and 'Isha' when he was in a hurry during a journey."
1056. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to join Dhuhr and 'Asr when he was travelling, and he would also join Maghrib and 'Isha'."
1057. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to join the prayers of Maghrib and 'Isha' on a journey."
Hafs corroborated from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, joined prayers.
XIV: Is there an adhan or iqama when Maghrib and 'Isha' are joined?
1058. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was hurrying during a journey, I saw him delay the Maghrib prayer and join it with 'Isha'." Salim said, "'Abdullah used to do that when he was in a hurry on a journey. He would say the iqama for Maghrib and pray it doing three rak'ats, then say the taslim. After a short time, he would say the iqama for 'Isha' and pray it doing two rak'ats, then say the taslim and not do a single supererogatory rak'at between the two prayers nor any prostration after 'Isha' until he got up in the middle of the night."
1059. It is related that Anas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to join these two prayers together on a journey - meaning Maghrib and 'Isha'."
XV: Delaying Dhuhr until 'Asr when setting out before noon.
Ibn 'Abbas had this from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
1060. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, set off on a journey before noon, he would delay Dhuhr until the time of 'Asr and then join the two. If it was past noon, he would pray Dhuhr and then mount."
XVI: When setting off after noon you should pray Dhuhr before mounting
1061. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, set off on a journey before noon, he would delay Dhuhr until the time of 'Asr and then he would dismount and join the two. If it was past noon, he would pray Dhuhr and then mount."
XVII: Praying sitting down
1062. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, once prayed in his room when he was ill. He prayed sitting down and some people prayed behind him standing. He indicated to them to sit down. When he had finished, he said, 'The Imam is only appointed to be followed. When he goes into ruku', go into ruku', and when he rises, rise'"
1063. It is related that Anas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, fell from his horse while riding and his right side was grazed. We went to visit him and the time for the prayer arrived. He led us in the prayer sitting down and we stayed sitting down. He said, 'The Imam is appointed to be followed. Say the takbir when he says the takbir. Go into ruku' when he goes into ruku', and get up when he gets up. When he says, "Allah hears whoever praises Him," say, "Our Lord, praise belongs to You."'"
It is related from 'Imran ibn Husayn that he asked the Prophet.... See 1064.
1064. It is related from 'Imran ibn Husyan, who had piles, "I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about the prayer of a man sitting down and he said, 'It is better if he prays standing. Someone who prays sitting down has only half the reward of someone standing. And anyone who prays lying down has only half the reward of someone who prays sitting down."
XVIII: Praying by gesture while sitting down
1065. It is related that 'Imran said, "I asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about the prayer of a man sitting down and he said, 'It is better if he prays standing. Someone who prays sitting down has only half the reward of someone standing. And anyone who prays lying down has only half the reward of someone who prays sitting down."
Abu 'Abdullah said, "I think that na'im here means lying down."
XIX: Anyone not able to pray sitting down should pray on his side
'Ata' said, "If he cannot turn towards the qibla, he can pray whichever way he is facing."
1066. It is related that 'Imran ibn Husayn said, "I had piles and asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about the prayer. He said, 'Pray standing. If you cannot do that, then sitting down. If you cannot do that, then on your side."
XX: Someone who prays sitting down and then feels better, can complete it standing
Al-Hasan said, "If a sick person wishes, he can pray two rak'ats standing and two sitting down."
1067. It is related that 'A'isha, Umm al-Mu'minin, said that she never saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praying the night prayers sitting down until late in his life. He would recite sitting down until the time came for ruku' when he would stand up, recite thirty or forty ayats and then go into ruku'.
1068. It is related that 'A'isha, the Umm al-Mu'minin, said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed sitting down and recited while sitting. When about thirty or forty ayats of his recitation remained, he would stand up and recite standing. Then he did ruku' and sajda. He did the same thing in the second rak'at. When his prayer ended he would look over and if I was awake he would talk to me and if I was asleep he would lie down."
I: Tahajjud at night
The words of Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, "And stay awake for prayer during part of the night as a supererogatory action for yourself." (17:79)
1069. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas was heard to say, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood up in the night to pray tahajjud, he would say, 'O Allah, Yours is the praise. You are the upholder of the heavens and the earth and everyone in them. Yours is the praise. Yours is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and everyone in them. Yours is the praise - Light of the heavens and the earth - Yours is the praise. You are the Truth. Your promise is true. The meeting with You is true. Your word is true. The Garden is true and the Fire is true. The Prophets are true and Muhammad is true. The Hour is true. O Allah, I have submitted to You and I have believed in You. In You I have put my trust and to You I turn. I argue by You and take You as arbitrator. Forgive me my past and future wrong actions and what I keep secret and what I make known. You are the One who puts forward and defers. There is no god but You - or there is no god other than You.'"
'Abdu'l-Karim Abu Umayya added, "There is no power nor strength except by Allah."
Tawus related it from Ibn 'Abbas from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
II: The excellence of getting up for prayer at night
1070. It is related from Salim that his father said, "In the lifetime of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, if someone had a dream, he would recount it to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. I wanted to have a dream so that I could recount it to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. I was a youth and used to sleep in the mosque during the time of the Messenger of Allah. I dreamt that two angels took me and brought me to the Fire which was enclosed like a well. It had two sides and there were people in it whom I recognised. I began to say, 'I seek refuge with Allah from the Fire.' Then I met another man who said to me, 'Do not be alarmed.' I told the dream to Hafsa who told it to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He said, ''Abdullah is an excellent man. If only he would pray during the night.'" After that he spent very little of the night asleep.
III: Lengthening the sajda in night prayers
1071. It is related from 'A'isha, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray eleven rak'ats. Such was his prayer. In them he would stay in sajda long enough for one of you to recite fifty ayats before lifting his head. He would pray two rak'ats before the Fajr prayer and then lie down on his right side until someone came to him to call him to the prayer."
IV: A sick person not doing the night prayer
1072. It is related that Jundub said, "Once the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was ill and did not get up for one or two nights."
1073. It is related that Jundub ibn 'Abdullah said, "Jibril did not come to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for a time and a Qurayshi woman remarked, 'His shaytan has kept him waiting.' Then the revelation came, 'By the brightness of the morning and the night when it is still, your Lord has not abandoned you nor does He hate you.' (93:1-3)"
V: The Prophet encouraging people to do the night prayer and supererogatory prayers without making them obligatory
The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, knocked at the door of Fatima and 'Ali, peace be upon them, during the night to get them up for the prayer.
1074. Umm Salama said, "One night the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, woke up and said, 'Glory be to Allah! How many afflictions have been revealed tonight and how many treasures disclosed! Go and wake up the women of the rooms Many a person who is dressed in this world will be naked in the Next!'"
1075. It is related from 'Ali ibn Abi Talib that one night the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to him and Fatima daughter of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and knocked at their door. "He said, 'Do you not pray?' I said, 'Messenger of Allah, our souls are in the hand of Allah. If He wishes to wake us up, we wake up.' When I said that he left without another word. But then I heard him turning and striking his thigh, saying, "But of all things man is the most argumentative!"(18:54)'"
1076. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to sometimes stop doing an action, in spite of it being something he loved to do, out of the fear that other people might do it and it would become obligatory for them. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, never prayed the Duha prayer, but I pray it."
1077. It is related from 'A'isha, the Umm al-Mu'minin, "One night the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed in the mosque and some people prayed together with him. Then he prayed the next night and there were more people. Then they gathered on the third or fourth night, but the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not go out to them. In the morning, he said, 'I saw what you were doing and the only thing that kept me from coming out to you was that I was afraid that it would be made obligatory for you.' That was in Ramadan."
VI: The Prophet standing in prayer until his feet were swollen
'A'isha said, "until his feet were cracked." Futur means cracking and infatarat means to be cracked.
1078. It is related that al-Mughira said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to stand in prayer until his feet - or legs - were swollen. He was asked about it and said, 'Should I not be a grateful slave?'"
VII: Someone sleeping in the time before dawn
1079. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The prayer Allah loves most is the prayer of Da'ud, peace be upon him, and the fast which Allah loves most is the fast of Da'ud, peace be upon him. He used to sleep half the night, pray for for a third and then go to sleep again for a sixth, and he used to fast every other day."
1080. It is related that Masruq said, "I asked 'A'isha, 'What action did the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, love most?' She said, 'That which is done with constancy.' I said, 'When would he get up?' She said, 'He used to get up when he heard the cock crow.'"
1081. It is related that al-Ash'ath said, "When he heard the cock crow, he got up and prayed."
1082. It is related that 'A'isha said, "Whenever he was with me in the time just before dawn he spent it sleeping."
VIII: Someone eating sahur and then not sleeping until after praying Subh
1083. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Zayd ibn Thabit would eat sahur and when they had finished it, the Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would get up to pray and then perform the prayer." Qatada said, "We asked Anas, 'How long was there between their finishing sahur and beginning the prayer?' He answered, 'As long as it takes a man to recite fifty ayats.'"
IX: Standing for a long time in the night prayer
1084. It is related from Abu Wa'il that 'Abdullah said, "I prayed one night with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he kept on standing so long that I thought of doing something bad." Abu Wa'il said, "We said, 'What did you think of doing?' He said, 'I thought of sitting down and leaving the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.'"
1085. It is related from Hudhayfa, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up for tahajjud in the night, he would clean out his mouth with the siwak."
X: How the Prophet prayed and how many rak'ats the Prophet prayed at night
1086. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "A man asked, 'Messenger of Allah, what form does the night prayer take?' He said, 'It is two by two, and when you fear the coming of Subh, perform one for the witr.'"
1087. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, " The prayer of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to be thirteen rak'ats," meaning at night.
1088. It is related that Masruq said, "I asked 'A'isha about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at night. She said, 'It was seven, nine or eleven rak'ats not counting the two rak'ats of Fajr."
1089. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray thirteen rak'ats during the night, including the witr and the two rak'ats of Fajr."
XI: The Prophet waking up at night for night prayers and the amount of the night prayer that was abrogated
This is in reference to the words of Allah Almighty, "O you enwrapped in your clothing, stay up at night, except a little, half of it, or a little less, or a little more, and recite the Qur'an distinctly. We will impose a weighty Word upon you. Certainly rising at night has a stronger effect and is more conducive to concentration. In the daytime much of your time is taken up by business matters," (73:1-7)
And His words, "He knows you will not keep count of it, so He has turned towards you. Recite as much of the Qur'an as is easy for you. He knows that some of you are ill and that others are travelling in the land seeking Allah's bounty, and that others are fighting in the Way of Allah. So recite as much of it as is easy for you. And establish the prayer and pay zakat and lend a good loan to Allah. Whatever good you forward for yourselves you will find it with Allah as something better and as a greater reward." (73:20)
Ibn 'Abbas said, "Nasha' is to get up in Abyssinian. Wata' refers to the weight of the Qur'an meaning its being intensely approved of by his ears, eyes and heart. Wata'a means to be in agreement."
1090. It is related that Anas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used sometimes not to fast for so much of a month that we thought that he would not fast for any of it, and other times he would fast so much that we thought that he would not break his fast at all. If you wanted to see him doing nothing but praying all night, you could see him doing that, or doing nothing but sleeping, you could see him doing that as well."
Sulayman and Abu Khalid al-Ahmar corroborated it from Humayd.
XII: Shaytan tying knots at the back of the head if someone does not pray during the night
1091. It is related from Abu Hurayra, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Shaytan ties three knots at the back of your heads when you are asleep. He hits every knot with the words, 'You have a long night ahead of you so sleep tight.' When you wake up and remember Allah, one knot is undone. When you do wudu', one knot is undone. When you pray, one knot is undone. So morning finds you cheerful and energetic. Otherwise, morning finds you lazy and foul-tempered.'"
1092. It is related from Samura ibn Jundub that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said about a dream he had, "The man whose head was being crushed by a rock was someone who accepted the Qur'an but then rejected it and slept through the obligatory prayer."
XIII: If someone sleeps and does not do the prayer, Shaytan has urinated in his ear
1093. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "A man was mentioned in the presence of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and it was said of him that he had continued to sleep into the morning without having got up for the prayer. He said, 'Shaytan urinated in his ear.'"
XIV: Supplication and prayer during the last part of the night
Allah says, "The part of the night they spent asleep was small and they would seek forgiveness before dawn." (51:17)
1094. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Every night, when a third of the night remains, Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, descends to the lowest heaven saying, 'Is there anyone calling on Me that I may answer him? Is there anyone asking anything of Me that I may give it to him? Is there anyone asking forgiveness of Me that I may forgive him?'"
XV: Someone sleeping for the first part of the night and getting up for the last part
Salman said to Abu'd-Darda', "Sleep!" and then when the last of the night arrived he said, "Get up!" The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Salman was right."
1095. It is related that al-Aswad said, "I asked 'A'isha what the prayer of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at night was like and she said, 'He used to sleep for the first part and then get up during the last part, pray and then go back to bed again. When the mu'adhdhin gave the adhan, he would get up. If he needed to, he would do ghusl. Otherwise he would do wudu' and leave.'"
XVI: The prayer of the Prophet at night, in Ramadan and other times
1096. It is related that Abu Salama ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman reported that he asked 'A'isha, "What was the prayer of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in Ramadan like?" She said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not do more than eleven rak'ats during Ramadan or at any other time. He would pray four rak'ats - do not ask about their beauty or length - and then he would pray four more - and do not ask about their beauty or length - and then he would pray three." She went on, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, do you sleep before the witr?' he said, ''A'isha, my eyes sleep but my heart does not sleep.'"
1097. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I did not see the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, reciting in the night prayer sitting down until late in his life. When thirty or forty ayats of the sura remained, he would stand up and recite them and then do ruku'."
XVII: The excellence of being in a state of purity night and day and the excellence of praying after wudu' night and day
1098. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to Bilal at the Fajr prayer, "Bilal, tell me that action that you have done since entering Islam which gives you the most reason to hope for I heard the sound of your sandals ahead of me in the Garden." He said, "I have done no action which gives me more reason to hope than that of never purifying myself at any time of the night or day without then praying after that purification as much as is written for me to pray.'
Abu 'Abdullah said, "The 'sound of your sandals' means their movement."
XVIII: How it is disliked to go to excess in worship
1099. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered the mosque and there was a rope hanging between two pillars. He said, 'What is this rope?' They said, 'The rope belongs to Zaynab. When she is tired, she hangs on to it.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'No - remove it. You should pray as long as you have the energy for it. When you are tired, you should sit down.'"
1100. It is related that 'A'isha said, "Once when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came in, there was a woman from the Banu Asad with me. He said, 'Who is this?' I said, 'So-and-so. She does not sleep at night,' and she mentioned the amount she used to pray. He said, 'Stop! You should only do actions which are within your capacity. Allah does not tire provided you do not tire.'"
XIX: How it is disliked for someone to stop doing the night prayer when he has been used to doing it
1101. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, "'Abdullah, do not be like so-and-so who used to pray at night and then stopped doing it.'"
With a slightly different isnad.
'Amr ibn Abi Salama corroborated it from al-Awza'i.
1102. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, 'Have I not been told that you pray at night and fast in the day?'I said, 'I do that.' He said, 'If you do that, your eyes will become weak and you will become exhausted. Your body has a right on you and your family has a right on you, so fast and break your fast and pray and then sleep.'"
XX: The excellence of someone who wakes up at night and prays
1103. It is related from 'Ubada ibn as-Samit that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If someone wakes up at night and says, 'There is no god but Allah alone with no partner. The kingdom is His and His is the praise. He has power over everything. Praise belongs to Allah. Glory be to Allah. There is no god but Allah. Allah is greater. There is no strength nor power except by Allah,' and then says, 'O Allah, forgive me' or makes supplication to Allah,' it will be answered. If he does wudu', then his prayer will be accepted."
1104. It is related from Abu Hurayra in one of his stories when he was mentioning the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Your brother, meaning 'Abdullah ibn Rawaha, does not come out with lewdness:
'Among us is the Messenger of Allah who recites His Bookas the sun appears shining at daybreak.
He brought guidance after our blindness, and so our hearts
are certain that what he says will take place.
He spends the night, his side shunning his bed, while
the idolaters beds hold them in deepest sleep.'"
Al-A'raj corroborated it from Abu Hurayra.
1105. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "In the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, I dreamt that I had a piece of silk in my hand and it flew me to whatever place in the Garden I wished to go. I saw two people who came to me and wanted to take me to the Fire. An angel met us and said, 'Do not be alarmed. Leave him.' Hafsa related one of my dreams to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ''Abdullah is an excellent man. If only he would pray at night!'" Nafi' said, "So 'Abdullah then used to pray at night. They used to tell the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, their dreams that (the Night of Power) was on the twenty-seventh. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I see that your dreams agree on the last ten nights. Whoever is looking for it, should look during the last ten.'"
XXI: Performing the two rak'ats of Fajr on a regular basis
1106. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed 'Isha' and then prayed eight rak'ats and then two rak'ats sitting. He prayed two rak'ats between the adhan and the iqama and never missed them."
XXII: Lying on the right side after the two rak'ats of Fajr
1107. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would lie down on his right side after praying the two rak'ats of Fajr."
XXIII: Someone conversing after the two rak'ats and not lying down
1108. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray the two rak'ats and, if I was awake, he would speak with me, otherwise he would lie down until the prayer was announced."
XXIV: What has come down about doing voluntary prayers in groups of two rak'ats
This is mentioned from 'Ammar, Abu Dharr, Anas, Jabir ibn Zayd. 'Ikrima, and az-Zuhri. Yahya ibn Sa'id said, "All the scholars of our land, with whom I came into contact, did the taslim after every pair of rak'ats prayed during the day."
1109. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to teach us the Istikhara, asking for the good in all matters, as he would teach us a sura of the Qur'an. He said, 'When one of you is intending to do something, he should pray two rak'ats outside the obligatory prayer and then say, 'O Allah, I ask You for the best by Your knowledge and I ask You for strength by Your power and I ask You for some of Your immense bounty. You have power and I do not. You know and I do not. You are the Knower of the Unseen worlds. O Allah, if You know that this matter is good for me in my deen and my livelihood and the end of my affair (or he said, 'my affair sooner and later'), then ordain it for me and make it easy for me and then bless me in it. If You know that this matter is bad for me in my deen and my livelihood and the end of my affair (or he said, 'my affair sooner and later'), then avert it from me and avert me from it and ordain something better for me wherever it may lie and make me content with it.' He added, 'Then he should name the thing he wants to do.'"
1110. It is related that Abu Qatada ibn Rib'i al-Ansari said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'When one of you enters the mosque, he should not sit down until he has prayed two rak'ats."
1111. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in a two rak'at prayer and then left."
1112. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "I prayed two rak'ats with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, before Dhuhr, two rak'ats after Dhuhr, two rak'ats after Jumu'a, two rak'ats after Maghrib and two rak'ats after 'Isha'."
1113. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "While the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was giving the khutba, he said, 'When one of you comes in while the Imam is giving the khutba or has come out for it, he should pray two rak'ats."
1114. It is related that Mujhaid was heard to say, "Someone came to Ibn 'Umar in his house and told him that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had entered the Ka'ba. He said, 'I went and found that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had come out and I found Bilal standing at the door. I said, "Bilal! Did the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray inside the Ka'ba?" He said, "Yes." I said, "Where?" He said, "Between these two pillars and then he came out and prayed two rak'ats in front of the Ka'ba."'"
Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered me to pray the two rak'ats of Duha."
'Itban said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Abu Bakr came to me in the morning after the day had begun and we formed rows behind him and he prayed two rak'ats."
XXV: Talking, i.e. after the two rak'ats of Fajr
1115. It is related from 'A'isha that: "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray two rak'ats and then, if I was awake, he would talk to me, otherwise he would lie down." 'Ali ibn 'Abdullah said, "I said to Sufyan, 'Some of them relate it as "the two rak'ats of Fajr"' Sufyan said, 'That is how it is.'"
XXVI: Being in the habit of praying the two rak'ats of Fajr and calling them "voluntary (tatawwu')"
1116. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was never regular in any of the nawafil prayers the way he was in the two rak'ats of Fajr."
XXVII: What should be recited in the two rak'ats of Fajr
1117. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray thirteen rak'ats at night and then he would pray two quick rak'ats when he heard the call for Subh."
1118. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray the two rak'ats before Subh so quickly that I would say, 'Has he recited the Fatiha (Umm al-Kitab)'?"
XXVIII: Doing voluntary prayers after the obligatory prayers
1119. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "I prayed two rak'ats with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, before Dhuhr, two rak'ats after Dhuhr, two rak'ats after Maghrib, two rak'ats after 'Isha', and two rak'ats after Jumu'a. Maghrib and 'Isha' were in his house."
It was related from Nafi' that after 'Isha' he was with his family.
It is corroborated from Nafi', "My sister Hafsa related to me that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray two light rak'ats after dawn. This was a time when I never visited the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."
It was corroborated from Nafi' that he was with his family after 'Isha'.
XXIX: Someone not praying voluntary prayers after the obligatory ones
1120. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "I prayed with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, eight rak'ats (for Dhuhr and 'Asr) and seven (for Maghrib and 'Isha')." 'Amr said, "Abu'sh-Sha'tha', I think that he delayed Dhuhr and prayed 'Asr early and prayed 'Isha' early and delayed Maghrib.' He said, 'I think so too.'"
XXX: The Duha prayer on a journey
1121. It is related that Muwarriq said, "I askedIbn 'Umar, 'Do you prayer Duha?' He said, 'No.' I asked, 'Did 'Umar?' He replied, 'No.' I said, 'Did Abu Bakr?' He answered, 'No.' I asked, 'Did the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?' He said, 'I do not think so.'"
1122. It is related that 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abi Layla said, "No one but Umm Hani' informed us that they had seen the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray Duha. She mentioned that on the day Makka was conquered, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did ghusl in her house and prayed eight rak'ats. 'I never saw him do a more rudimentary prayer than it, but he did a complete ruku' and sujud.'"
XXXI: Someone not praying Duha but considering it allowed
1123. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I did not see the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray the supererogatory prayer of Duha, but I pray it."
XXXII: Doing the Duha prayer when one is resident.
'Itban ibn Malik mentioned that from the Prophet.
1124. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "My friend told me to do three things which I will not give up until I die: to fast three days in every month, to do the Duha prayer, and to do the witr before going to sleep."
1125. It is related that Anas ibn Malik al-Ansari said, "A man of the Ansar who was fat said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'I am unable to do the prayer with you.' He prepared some food for the Prophet. may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and invited him to his house. He sprinkled one side of a mat with water and he (the Prophet) prayed two rak'ats on it." So-and-so son of so-and-so son al-Jarud said to Anas, "Did the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray Duha?" He said, "I did not see him pray it except on that day."
XXXIII: Two rak'ats before Dhuhr
1126. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "I took by heart ten rak'ats from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, - two rak'ats before Dhuhr and two after it, two rak'ats after Maghrib in his house, two rak'ats after 'Isha', and two rak'ats before the Subh prayer which was a time when no one visited the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Hafsa told me that when the mu'adhdhin had given the adhan and dawn had arrived, he would pray two rak'ats."
1127. It is related from 'A'isha, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, never left out the four rak'ats before Dhuhr and the two before Subh."
Ibn Abi 'Adi and 'Amr corroborated it from Sha'ba.
XXXIV: Praying before Maghrib
1128. It is related from 'Abdullah al-Muzani that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Pray before Maghrib," adding after saying it a third time, "For whoever wishes to do so," not wanting people to adopt it as a sunna.
1129. It is related that Marthad ibn 'Abdullah al-Yazani said, "I came to 'Uqba ibn 'Amir al-Juhani and said, 'Does it not surprise you that Abu Tamim prays two rak'ats before the Maghrib prayer?' 'Uqba said, 'We used to do that in the time of the Messenger of Allah.' I said, 'What prevents you from doing it now?' He said, 'Business.'"
XXXV: Doing superogatory prayers in a group
Anas and 'A'isha mentioned this from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
1130. It is related from Mahmud ibn ar-Rabi' that he remembered the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and remembered him spitting a mouthful of water from a well in their house into his face. He said that he heard 'Itban ibn Malik al-Ansari, one of those who was present at Badr, say, 'I used to lead my people in prayer at Banu Salim and there was a river-bed between me and them. When the rains came, it was difficult for me to cross it to get to their mosque. So I went to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said to him, "Messenger of Allah, my eyesight is weak and when it rains, the water floods the river-bed between me and them so that I am unable to get to their mosque and lead them in the prayer. Messenger of Allah, I would very much like you to come and pray in my house so that I could take it as a prayer-place." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I will do that." The following day when the sun was well up, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Abu Bakr came and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked for permission to enter and I gave him permission. He did not sit down when he entered the house but said, "Where in your house would you like me to pray." I pointed out to him the place where I wanted to pray. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood and said the takbir, and we formed rows behind him. He prayed two rak'ats and then said the taslim and we said the taslim when he did. I persuaded him stay with us to eat a dish of khazira [meat soup] which had been prepared for him. The people of the area heard that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was in our house and quite a number of their men gathered in the house and one of them said, "What has happened to Malik? I do not see him." Another of them said, "That man is a hypocrite who does not love Allah and His Messenger." The Messenger of Allah* said, "Do not say that. Do you not see that he has said, 'There is no god but Allah,' desiring by that nothing but the face of Allah?" The man said, "Allah and His Messenger know best, but, by Allah, we have only seen him loving and advising the hypocrites." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,said, "Allah has forbidden the Fire for anyone who says 'There is no god but Allah' desiring by that the face of Allah." ' "
Mahmud said, "I related this to some people, one of whom was Abu Ayyub, the Companion of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the expedition in which he died, and over which Yazid ibn Mu'awiya had command, in Byzantine territory. Abu Ayyub objected to me saying it and said, 'By Allah, I do not think that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ever said what you said.' That was hard for me to endure and I vowed to Allah that if I was spared, I would return from that expedition to ask 'Itban ibn Malik about it if I found him still alive in the mosque of his people. So I returned and put on ihram for hajj or 'umra and then travelled until I reached Madina. I went to the Banu Salim and 'Itban was an old blind man who still led his people in the prayer. When he said the taslim for the prayer, I greeted him and told him who I was and then asked him about that hadith. He related it to me as he had related it the first time."
XXXVI: Supererogatory prayers at home
1131. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do some of your prayers in your houses and do not turn them into graves."
'Abdu'l-Wahhab corroborated it from Ayyub.
XXXVII: The Excellence of praying in the mosques of Makka and Madina
1132. It is related that Qaza'a said, "I heard Abu Sa'id £ say four words. He said, 'I heard it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.' He went on twelve expeditions with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."
1133. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do not make a special journey except to three mosques: the Masjid al-Haram, the Mosque of the Messenger and the Masjid al-Aqsa."
It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "One prayer in this mosque of mine is better than a thousand prayers in any other mosque except the Masjid al-Haram."
XXXVIII: The mosque of Quba'
1134. It is related from Nafi' that Ibn 'Umar only prayed the Duha prayer on two occasions: the day he arrived in Makka - and he used to arrive in Makka in the morning and do tawaf of the House and then pray two rak'ats behind the Maqam - and when he visited the mosque of Quba' which he used to do every Saturday. When he entered the mosque he disliked leaving it without having prayed in it. He related that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to visit it both riding and on foot. He used to say, "I do as I saw my companions doing and I do not forbid anyone to pray at any hour he wishes in the day or night, although one should not intend to pray at the rising or setting of the sun."
XXXIX: Visiting the mosque of Quba' every Saturday
1135. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Dinar that Ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to visit the Quba' mosque every Saturday either on foot or riding." 'Abdullah used also to do it.
XL: Going to the mosque of Quba' on foot and riding
1136. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to go to Quba' both on foot and riding." Nafi' added, "And he would pray two rak'ats in it."
XLI: The excellence of the place between the grave and the minbar
1137. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn Zayd al-Mazini narrated that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The space between my room and my minbar is one of the meadows of the Garden."
1138. It is related that Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The space between my room and my minbar is one of the meadows of the Garden, and my minbar is on top of my Basin."
["My room" is the place where his grave is now located.]
XLII: The mosque of Jerusalem
1139. It is related that Qaza'a, the mawla of Ziyad, said, "I heard Abu Sa'id al-Khudri relate four things from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which pleased and delighted me. He said, "A woman should not go on a two day journey except with her husband or a mahram. There is no fasting on two days: the Day of Fitr and that of al-Adha. There is no prayer after two prayers: after Subh until the sun rises and after 'Asr until the sun sets. And there should be no special journey except to three mosques: the Masjid al-Haram, the Masjid al-Aqsa and my mosque."